Plant Form and Function Part 2

Question 1

Ring of meristematic tissue that produces secondary xylem (wood) on its inner surface and secondary phloem on its outer surface

Answer 1

vascular cambium

Question 2

Accumulated secondary xylem; contributes up to 90% of the weight of some plants

Answer 2

Wood

Question 3

Lateral meristem that gives rise to periderm

Answer 3

Cork Cambium

Question 4

Dermal tissue that consists of parenchyma, cork, and cork cambium; replaces epidermis on older stems and roots

Answer 4

Periderm

Question 5

consists of all living and dead tissues outside the vascular cambium
Periderm and secondary phloem of a woody stem

Answer 5

Bark

Question 6

Component of bark; waterproofs, insulates, and protects the surfaces of woody stems and roots

Answer 6

Cork

Question 7

Plants obtain how many micro and macronutrients

Answer 7

9 macro

7 micro

Question 8

Decaying organic matter in soil

Provides nutrients and retains water

Answer 8

Humus

Question 9

Fungus-plant root partnerships; fungal hyphae increase surface area for absorption
help many plants take up nutrients

Answer 9

Mycorrhizae

Question 10

Conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonia

Answer 10

Nitrogen fixation

Question 11

Swellings of some plant roots that contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Answer 11

root nodules

Question 12

Explanation of how transpiration creates a negative pressure (tension) that pulls a cohesive column of water upward through xylem, from roots to shoots

Answer 12

cohesion-tension theory

Question 13

Evaporation of water from plant parts, mainly at stomata, into air
•Puts negative pressure (tension) on continuous columns of fluid that fill narrow xylem vessels
•Hydrogen bonds among water molecules (cohesion) keep the columns of fluid continuous

Answer 13

transpiration

Question 14

• Waxy, waterproof secretion of epidermal cells that coats all plant surfaces exposed to air
• Blocks evaporation, but not light transmission

Answer 14

cuticle

Question 15

•Gaps across the epidermis of leaves and other plant parts, defined by a pair of guard cells

Answer 15

stomata

Question 16

balance a plant’s loss of water with its needs for gas exchange

Answer 16

cuticle and stomata

Question 17

Explanation of how flow of fluid through phloem is driven by differences in pressure and sugar concentration between a source and a sink

Answer 17

Pressure flow theory

Question 17

Parenchyma between vascular bundles and epidermis

Answer 17

Cortex

Question 18

Parenchyma inside the cylinder of vascular bundles

Answer 18

Pith

Question 19

Blocks direct water flow to xylem

Answer 19

Casparian strip