SI Lec - Innate Immunity Flashcards
- includes all parts of the body that help in the recognition and destruction of foreign materials.
Immune System
is the body’s ability to fight off harmful micro-organisms –PATHOGENS- that invade it.
Immunity
2 types of immunity
innate
adaptive
____ immunity occurs when when one makes his/her own antibodies. This type of immunity is long term.
Active
If you get an infectious disease (like Chicken Pox), often times, that stimulates the production of ____ cells which are then stored to prevent the infection in the future.
MEMORY
purely an injection of antibodies to provide temporary immunity.
Gamma Globulin shot
-also called innate immunity
Natural Immunity
-non specific/non-adaptive immunity
Natural Immunity
type of immunity: -same response for all pathogens
Natural Immunity
type of immunity
-ability to resist infection by means of normally present body functions
Natural Immunity
type of immunity
no prior exposure is required
Natural Immunity
type of immunity
response does not change upon repeated exposure
Natural Immunity
type of immunity
influenced by factors like nutrients, age, fatigue, stress and genetic determinants
Natural Immunity
Natural Immunity influenced by what factors
nutrients, age, fatigue, stress and genetic determinants
defense mechanism of natural immunity
keep microorganisms from entering the body
External defense mechanism
defense mechanism of natural immunity
involve
both cellular and humoral factors
Internal defense mechanism
includes physical, chemical, and cellular barriers
Innate Immune System
barrier of
Innate Immune System
eg. skin and mucous membranes
physical
barrier of
Innate Immune System
eg. stomach acidity, secreted anti-microbial peptides
chemical barriers
barrier of Innate Immune System
eg. macrophages, neutrophils
cellular
innate immune response activation occurs within __ (how long) of pathogen recognition
minutes
Structural barriers that prevent microorganisms from entering the body
External Defense System
External Defense System
components (3)
Intact skin
Mucous membranes
Secretions
anti-fungal peptides called (intestinal tract)
alpha-defensins
anti-microbial peptides called (respiratory, urogenital tract)
beta-defensins
opsonize pathogens for enhanced phagocytosis (lung)
surfactant-A and -D proteins
location lactic acid (2)
sweat
vagina
location
fatty acids
sebaceous glands
location
- lysozyme
saliva
tears
location
acid pH
stomach
location
alpha-defensins
intestinal tract
location
beta-defensins
RT and urogenital tract
location
surfactant-A and -D proteins
lungs
Epithelial defense mechanisms (3)
Flushing action of urine (also acid pH)
Motion of the cilia
Presence of normal flora (competitive exclusion)
components of internal defense system
Cells and soluble factors
what defense system Recognize molecules
internal defense system
Normal serum constituents
Increase rapidly due to infection, trauma, injury
Acute Phase Reactants
Normal serum constituents
enhances phagocytosis
Acute Phase Reactants
Acute Phase Reactants produced by
hepatocytes
Acute Phase Reactants produced by hepatocytes within __ in response to __
12-24 hours in response to cytokines
intracellular signaling polypeptide; produced mainly by macrophages at the sites of inflammation
Cytokine
Cytokine- intracellular signaling polypeptide; produced mainly by ____
macrophages at the sites of inflammation
Trace constituent of serum
Declines rapidly w/ cessation of stimulus
C-Reactive Protein
Thought to be an antibody to the c-polysaccharide of pneumococci
C-Reactive Protein
increases w/in 4-6 hours following infection, surgery, trauma
C-Reactive Protein
Peaks w/in 48 hours
C-Reactive Protein
C-Reactive Protein
Peaks w/in ? hours
48
C-Reactive Proteinincreases w/in ?? hours following infection, surgery, trauma
4-6
= common constituent of microbial membrane
phosphocholine
Belongs to the family of pentraxins
CRP
Acts like an antibody (primitive ab)
CRP
Capable of opsonization, agglutination, precipitation, C’ activation
CRP
Ca dependent, non-specific
CRP
substrate of CRP
Phosphocholine
Half life of CRP
19 hours
MW of CRP
= 118000 daltons
Uses of CRP
Indicator of acute inflammation
Non-specific indicator of disease or trauma
Following course of malignancy and organ transplantat
