MTEDUC - Introduction to Learning and Teaching Flashcards
- American psychologist
- animal behavior and learning process
- modern educational psychology
Edward Lee Thorndike
Thorndike Major Law of Learning (3)
Law of Readiness
Law of Exercise/Law of Disuse
Law of Effect
Thorndike Major Law of Learning
- In effect when a learner is ready to learn, to teach him is satisfying and he learns
Law of Readiness
Thorndike Major Law of Learning
- constant correct practice makes the learning more perfect and permanent
- anything learned is forgotten if it is not used or practiced
Law of Exercise/Law of Disuse
Thorndike Major Law of Learning
- when learning is satisfying or pleasurable, the learners tend to attend the learning session
Law of Effect
Forms of Teaching
Authoritarian
Democratic
Forms of Teaching
- teacher monopolizes classroom activity, students given minimum participation
Authoritarian
Forms of Teaching
- teachers provide students maximum participation in teaching-learning process
Democratic
Tools of Teaching
Material devices
Nonmaterial tools
Functions of Aims and Objectives in Teaching
Attainment of course of education
Selection of essential desirable subject matter
Selection of desirable student activities
Study of the method to be used and the selection of effective teaching devices
Measuring the effectiveness of the learning and teaching activities
The acquisition of knowledge of all kinds, abilities, habits, attitudes, values, skills
learning
Outcomes of Learning:
Cognitive
- knowledge and understanding of facts, ideas, concepts 2. Affective - attitudes, appreciation 3. Psychomotor - motor abilities, skills
Types of Learning:
Cognitive learning
Attitudinal or Affective learning
Psychomotor learning
Types of Learning:
learning is verbal and ideational
ideational
Types of Cognitive Learning:
Associative learning
Problem-solving learning
Types of Cognitive Learning:
-establishing the relationship of words/idea and their meaning
Associative learning
Types of Cognitive Learning:
- overcome difficulties using knowledge and skills gained in associative learning
Problem-solving learning
Types of Learning:
- acquire sound moral and spiritual values like honesty, punctuality etc
Types of Affective Learning:
- Attitudinal or Affective learning
Types of Affective Learning:
- appreciation of what is good and beautiful and dislike of evil
Aesthetic leaning
Types of Affective Learning:
Aesthetic leaning
Intellectual learning
Types of Affective Learning:
- learning is acquired thru reading literary work and other similar activities
b. Intellectual learning
Types of Learning:
-involves use of muscles in bodily movements
- Psychomotor learning
Types of Psychomotor Learning:
Bodily movement coordination
- coordinating the movements of the different parts of the body in order to attain the desired performance of the activity
Bodily movement coordination
Types of Psychomotor Learning:
- involves the use of hands and feet (in handling gadgets)
b. Manipulative dexterity
Types of Psychomotor Learning:
Bodily movement coordination
b. Manipulative dexterity
Other kinds of Learning:
- Congenital learning
- Temporary learning
- Permanent learning-things learned and used in a lifetime
example: language
Laws of Learning
Primary laws of Learning
Secondary or Subsidiary Laws of Learning
Primary laws of learning
a. law of instinct
b. law of readiness
c. law of exercise
Primary law of learning
- tendency of the original nature to respond to certain situations without having to learn to make them
Law of Instinct
Primary law of learning
- when an individual is ready to act in a certain way, for him to act in that way is satisfying and not annoying
Law of Readiness
Primary law of learning
- whenever an activity is repeated or experienced, that activity tends to be easier to perform gradually becomes easy to be acquired permanently
Law of Exercise
Correlatives of the Law of Exercise
Law of Recency – the more recent the activity, the better is the retention
Law of Disuse – any activity that is not given any practice will tend to be forgotten
Law of Primacy – the activity first performed is likely to be remembered
- Secondary or Subsidiary Laws of Learning:
a. the law of trial and success or Multiple Responses
b. law of Mind-set
c. law of Analogy
d. law of Effect
e. law of Gradual Reaction change
f. law of piece-meal influence
- Secondary or Subsidiary Laws of Learning:
- tendency of an individual to make some sort of response whenever he is faced by a new situation. Makes several responses until one of them succeeds
a. Law of Trial and Success/ Multiple Responses
- Secondary or Subsidiary Laws of Learning:
- the condition of an individual’s mind at the time of response is made to a situation:
b. Law of Mind-set
- Secondary or Subsidiary Laws of Learning:
- when individual is confronted by a new situation he reacts to it in the same manner he has reacted to a like situation in the past
c. Law of Analogy
- Secondary or Subsidiary Laws of Learning:
- any tendency acquired or learned when used, accompanied or followed by satisfaction, is strengthened by the virtue of satisfaction
d. Law of Effect
- Secondary or Subsidiary Laws of Learning:
- this is giving of greater emphasis or attention to an element or situation needed in learning process
e. Law of Piece-meal Influence
- Secondary or Subsidiary Laws of Learning:
- a complex situation cannot evoke a successful response at first. One should start with something simple and gradually work up to the more complex until mastery is attained
f. Law of Gradual-reaction change
Contributing factors to the mindset
Attitudes
Disposition
Instinct
Adjustment
Nature of teachig
Direction of learning, knowledge, values, attitudes and skills
Medium of teaching
Learning materials
Situations
Experiences
Activities
In effect, when a learner is ready to learn, to teach him is —- and he —-
Ex
Sarisfying
Learns
Losing weigt
A. When someone is ready to perform some act, to do so is ____
Give example
Satisfying
Quiz
When someone is ready to perform an act, not to do so is ___
Annoying
Postponed quiz
When someone is not ready to perform an act and is —- to do so, is —-
Example
Forced
Annoying
Law of exercise
Constang correct practice makes the learning more —– and —–
Perfect and permanent
Example of the law of exercise
Blood extraction
Law of disuse
Anything learned is —- if not used or practiced
Example
Forgotten
Learning how to ride a bike
Connection bet stimulus and response are strengthened asthey are used
Law of Use
Advantages and disadvantages of students speaking their minds often
Open communication
Loss of respect
