Bacte Lec - Culture Media Lecture Flashcards
bacterial nutritional requirements (3)
water
energy source
carbon source
types of organisms based on their source of energy
phototrophs
chemotrophs
types of organisms based on their carbon source
heterotroph
autotrophs
types of chemotroph
lithotrophs
organotrophs
types of organisms based on their carbon source
require CO2
autotrophs
types of organisms based on their carbon source
require organic compounds
heterotrophs
types of organisms based on their energy source
require light
phototrophs
types of organisms based on their energy source
require chemicals
chemotrophs
prevention of bacterial growth by water removal
lyophilization
organisms which need co2
capnophiles
examples of capnophiles
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria gonorrhoea
energy source: light
C source: CO2
photoautotrophs
energy source: light
C source: organic compounds
photoheterotrophs
energy source: inorganic compounds
C source: CO2
chemoautotrophs
energy source: organic compounds
C source: organic compounds
chemoheterotrophs
photoautotrophs
energy source
light
photoheterotrophs
energy source
light
chemoautotrophs
energy source
inorganic compounds
chemoheterotrophs
energy source
organic compounds
chemoheterotrophs
c source
organic compounds
chemoautotrophs
c source
co2
photoheterotrophs
c source
organic compounds
photoautotrophs
c source
CO2
Representative bacteria of photoautotrophs
cyanobacteria
photosynthetic bacteria
algae
Representative bacteria of photoheterotrophs
photosynthetic bacteria
Representative bacteria of chemoheterotrophs
protozoa, fungi, bacteria
Representative bacteria of chemoautotrophs
sulfur, iron, ammonia oxidizing bacteria
methane producing bacteria
essential elements needed by microorganisms [TOM]
Metals
Trace Elements
Organic Growth Factors
metals needed by microorganisms
K, Mg, Ca, Fe
Trace elements needed by microorganisms
Molybdenum
Copper
Cobalt
Zinc
Organic growth factors
purine and pyrimidine
amino acids
vitamins
elements of culture media [6]
free of inhibitory substances proper ph sufficient moisture desired consistency initially sterile right nutrients
classification of CM according to composition
synthetic, chemically defined
non-synthetic, chemically undefined, complex
classification of CM according to composition
specific substances can be identified
synthetic, chemically defined
examples of synthetic, chemically defined
nutrient agar/broth
classification of CM according to composition
specific substances cannot be identified
non-synthetic, chemically undefined, complex
ex of non-synthetic, chemically undefined, complex
yeast extract, beef extract
digested proteins rich in protens, amino acids, nitrogen and carbon source
peptone
form of dehydrated culture media
granular
powder
glassware for preparation of plated cm
erlenmeyer flask
glassware for preparation of tubed cm
beaker
classification of CM according to physical state
solid
liquid
semi-solid
agar composition in solid cm
1.5 -2 %
agar compostion in semi solid
0.5 - 1%
complex polysaccharide [marine algae]
agar
temp of liq agar
100c
temp of solid agar
40C
adv of albumin as solidifying agent
coagulates at high temperature
solidifying agent: coagulates at high temperature
albumin
solidifying agent: diagnostic medium
gelatin
3 solidifying agent
agar
albumin
gelatin
ex of semisolid medium
SIM
semisolid medium which determines motility or ability to produce hydrogen sulfide and also for indole detection
Sulfide Indole Motility
agar composition of liquid medium
0%
merely a solidifying agent
agar agar
if you are to prepare 100 ml of a certain culture media, how much in g of agar agar should you add
1.5 - 2g
classif of cm according to function
>general isolation/supportive/simple/basal/ordinary >enriched/nonselective >selective >differential >enrichment
classif of cm according to function
non-fastidious bacteria
general isolation/supportive/simple/basal/ordinary
classif of cm according to function
fastidious bacteria
enriched/nonselective
nutrient supplements placed in an enriched or nonselective culture medium
blood
ascitic fluid
serum
difference between enriched and enrichment
enriched - promotes growth of all organisms
enrichment - promotes growth of organism of interest
difference between CAP and BAP
BAP - blood is added when the basal medium has cooled
CAP - blood is added when the basal medium is hot, which causes lysis of cells, attributed to the chocolate color
temp when to added Blood in nutrient agar
40-45C
basal medium of bap and cap
nutrient agar
types of blood [3]
5% defibrinated sheep’s blood
horse blood
outdated human blood
types of blood
for fastidious like Haemophilus
5% defibrinated sheep’s blood
types of blood
for differentiation of various types of hemolysis
5% defibrinated sheep’s blood
Media with solid and liquid
biphasic
type of hemolysis
no hemolysis
gamma hemolysis
type of hemolysis
complete hemolysis
beta hemolysis
type of hemolysis
partial hemolysis
alpha hemolysis
type of hemolysis
greenish discoloration that surrounds a bacterial colony
alpha hemolysis
___ hemolysis is characteristic of Streptococcus pyogenes and some strains ofStaphylococcus aureus.
beta
___ hemolysis is characteristic of Streptococcus pneumonia
alpha
type of blood
gives erratic or consistent results
horse blood
disadv of outdated human blood
contains: antibacterial substances, excess citrate ions, other substances (antibodies)
agar which contains heated blood or enzyme treated blood
chocolate agar
CAP contains what type of blood
heated blood or enzyme treated blood
anticoagualant for blood
citrate phosphate dextrose [CPD] or CPD A
prevents clotting
defibrination
what to place in an EF to prevent clotting/defibrination
paper clips or marbles [fibrin will adhere to these]
classif of cm according to function
distinguishes between organisms based on appearance on the medium
differential medium
classif of cm according to function
distinguishes between lactose fermenters and non-lactose fermenters
differential medium
classif of cm according to function
contains indicators
differential medium
classif of cm according to function
enhances bacterial growth of desired bacteria
selective medium
inhibitory substances in selective medium
bile salts sodium azide sodium desoxycholate potassium tellurite gentian violet antibiotics
blood agar can be enriched and differential
enriched: addition of blood
differential: differentiates hemolytic reactions
classif of cm according to function
tinsdale agar
selective
classif of cm according to function
MSA
selective
classif of cm according to function
SSA
selective
classif of cm according to function
LJ
selective
Components of transport medium
buffer and salts
special cm
maintain viability w/o altering concentration
transport medium
special cm
temporary storage of chemical sx
transport medium
special culture medium
enhances growth of bacteria that may be overgrown by competitors
enrichment broth
special cm
layers of living cells
cell line/tissue culture
special cm
series of battery test medium
biochemical test media
examples of biochemical test media [3]
enterotube
API Test OR API Medium
Packaged Test System
series of color reactions matched with a color chart with an interpretation
biochemical test media
added when an organism is suspected to be an anaerobe
mineral oil
color of nonfermenter
red
color of fermenter
yellow
displacement of agar interpretation
gas production capability of organism
blackening of butt interpretation
H2S production
small tubes used to detect gas production
Durham tube
growth on the bottom of thioglycollate broth
anaerobe
growth on the surface of thioglycollate broth
aerobe
growth on the middleof thioglycollate broth
microaerophilic
indicates that organism is toxic
cytopathic effect (CPE) or cell death
