Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

XIO > Reproductive > Flashcards

Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

DES babies

A

birth defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

estrogen - reasons to take

A

Atrophic vaginitis- thinning, drying & inflammation of
vaginal walls
Hypogonadism
🞑 Oral contraception (given with a progestin)
🞑 Dysmenorrhea
🞑 “Hot flashes” of menopause (vasomotor symptoms) 🞑
🞑 Breast & Prostate Cancer
🞑 Osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

estrogen contraindications

A

 Any estrogen-dependent cancer
 Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding
 Pregnancy - can cause a miscarriage
 Active thromboembolic
disorder or history of stroke,
venous blood clot
Thrombolytic events—most serious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

estrogen adverse

A

Amenorrhea, breakthrough uterine bleeding
 Tender breasts, fluid retention, headaches (increased fluid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Premarin (Enjuvia®, Premarin®)

A

replace estrogen deficit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

leg cramps

A

DVTs usually start in the back of the leg so ask about back of leg when sitting for long periods. will hurt when they cross their legs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Progestins - produced by…

A

Produced by corpus luteum, then pregnant placenta
 Synthetic derivatives of progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Progestins: Indications

A

Treatment of functional uterine bleeding caused by: after birth
🞑 Hormonal imbalance, fibroids, or uterine cancer
 Treatment of primary and secondary amenorrhea,
palliative cancer & endometriosis
 Prevent conception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Progestins: Indications - palliative treatment

A

of some cancers and
endometriosis
 Prevention of threatened miscarriage relaxing uterine smooth muscles
 Alleviation of PMS symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Progestogens : Indications - Megestrol (Megace) **

A

synthetic progestin
🞑 Adjunct therapy for treatment of breast and
endometrial cancers
****Management of anorexia, cachexia, or unexplained
weight loss in AIDSpatients
🞑 To stimulate appetite and promote weight gain in
cancer patients
🞑 Female infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Progestins: Adverse Effects

A

Liver dysfunction- cholestatic jaundice- (flow of bile from
liver slows/stops)
 Thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic disorders,
such as PE
 Nausea, vomiting
 Amenorrhea, breakthrough uterine bleeding,
“spotting”
 Edema, weight gain or loss & depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Medroxy-progesterone***

A

Action: has effects similar to those of progesterone;
inhibits secretion of Pituitary Gonadotropins thus prevents
ovulation
 Class: synthetic progestogens
 Use: treat absent or irregular menstrual periods,
abnormal uterine bleeding. Also used to decrease
the risk of endometrial hyperplasia & renal cancer
 How supplied: tablets, injections\
Dont give to anyone under 25 - leaches calcium out of bones
*****Depo-Provera = 1 shot coverage for 3 months, caution for
under 25 years of age due to bone density issues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Medroxyprogesterone (Provera®) - Precautions: Nursing Considerations:

A

🞑 May causemelasma.Not for usein pregnancy
🞑 Teachwomento do BSE (breast self exam)
🞑 Teachwomen:take Provera by mouthwith or without food.
Takeat the sametime every day, with doses not more than
24 hours a part.
🞑 Teachwomen: If a dose ismissed,take it assoon as
possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the
missed dose and go back to the regular dosing schedule.
Do not take 2 dosesat once
🞑 If miss 2 active pill in 3 weeks or miss 3 or more in a
row. Instruct pt to throw out rest of pack and Start a new
pack that day.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Contraceptive Drugs - contraindications

A

Oral medications
🞑 Monophasic, biphasic, and triphasic forms
 Triphasic form most closely duplicates the normal hormonal
levels of the female cycle*
 Depo- Provera- 3 month in 1 shot
🞑 Newer extended cycle products
🞑 Most contain estrogen-progestin combinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

plan B

A

 Levon-orgestrel = Plan B, w/in 72 hrs of unprotected sex &
f/up dose 12 hrs after first dose. ($40-50.00)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Seasonale

A

( extended cycle), both estrogen & progestin,
women will only have 1 menstrual cycle every 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Contraceptive Drugs:
Adverse Effects

A

Drawbacks to the use of these drugs include:
🞑 Hypertension
🞑 Thromboembolism, possible PE, MI, stroke
🞑 Alterations in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism
🞑 Increases in serum hormone concentrations
 These effects are caused by the estrogen
component

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

contraceptive adverse

A

May alsocause:
🞑 Edema,dizziness, headache, Depression,
nausea, vomiting,diarrhea, increased
appetite, increased weight, breast &
changes, many others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

contraceptive interactions***

A

penicillin and Cephalosporins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Contraceptive
Drugs: Interactions - Drugs that may have reduced
effectiveness

A

Anticonvulsants, beta-blockers, hypoglycemic drugs,
oral anticoagulants, theophylline, hypnotics,
tricyclic antidepressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

fertility drugs - Clomiphene (Clomid®, others)

A

Nonsteroidal ovulation stimulant
🞑 Blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus and brain,
resulting in a false signal of low estrogen levels - this will produce twins sometimes bc more than one egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

fertility - mentropins (Pergonal®)

A

Standardized mixture of FSH and LH
🞑 Stimulates development of ovarian follicles,
leading to ovulation
🞑 May also be given to
men t to stimulate
spermatogenesis
🞑 From urine of post
menopausal women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chorionic gonadotropin alfa (Ovidrel®)

A

Recombinant form of human chorionic gonadotropin
🞑 Causesrupture and ovulation of mature ovarian
follicles, and maintenance of corpus luteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fertility Drugs: Indications

A

Used primarily to induce ovulation in anovulatory
patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Fertility Drugs: Adverse Effects

A

Tachycardia, phlebitis, DVT, multiple pregnancies**pregnancies,
blurred vision (can indicate a clot - serious-stroke), breast pain, others

26
Q

Uterine- Active Medications

A

Promote labor (stimulants) ie oxytocin or Prevent the start or progression of labor (relaxants)

27
Q

Uterine Stimulants - also called

A

oxytocics -oxytocin hormone secreted from
Posterior lobe of Pituitary gland
1. Oxytocin (hormonal drug)
2. Prostaglandins
3. Ergot derivatives
4. Progesterone antagonist *

28
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin®) - synthetic form

A

🞑 Used to induce labor at or near full-term gestation,
and to enhance labor when contractions are weak and
ineffectivef

29
Q

oxytocin other uses

A

🞑 Prevent or control postpartum uterine bleeding
🞑 Complete an incomplete abortion (after miscarriage)
🞑 Promote milk ejection during lactation

30
Q

Prostaglandins - uterine stimulants

A

Natural hormones
🞑 Causepotent contraction of myometrium, smoothmuscle
fibers of the uterus
🞑 Used to induce labor by softening the cervix and
enhancing uterine muscle tone
🞑 dinoprostone (Prostin E2,Cervidil®, Prepidil ) and
misoprostol (Cytotec®)( termination of pregnancy
12 wk-20wk)

31
Q

 Ergot alkaloids (alk = toxic)

A

Increase force and frequency of uterine contractions
🞑 Used after delivery of the infant and placenta to
prevent postpartum uterine atony and hemorrhage
🞑 methylergonovine (Methergine®)

32
Q

Progesterone antagonist*- Politically charged
“ Abortion Pill”

A

mi-fe-pristone (Mifeprex®)
🞑 Stimulates uterine contractions to induce abortion
🞑 Given with a prostaglandin drug for elective abortions

33
Q

Uterine Stimulants: Adverse Effects

A

 Hypotension or hypertension, chest pain
 Headache, dizziness, fainting
 Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
 Vaginal pain, cramping
 Leg cramps, joint swelling, chills, fever,
weakness, blurred vision

34
Q

Uterine Relaxants: Tocolytics

A

Stop Labor “To-cease-labor”
 Used to stop labor that begins before term to prevent
premature birth
 Generally used after 20th week of gestation(5 mon)

35
Q

: Tocolytics - INMT (it’s not my time)

A

= Indomethacin-anti/inflammatory
N= Nifedipine-CCB
M= Mag Sulfate-relax smooth uterine muscle
T= Terbutaline –BB, dec uterine contractions

36
Q

oxy - increase t - it’s not my time

A
37
Q

Uterine Relaxants: Tocolytics

A

Uterine contractions that occur between the 20th
and 37th weeks of gestation are considered
premature labor
 Nonpharmacologic measures
🞑 Bed rest (be on left side - to keep flow of blood going), sedation, hydration

38
Q

Magnesium sulfate IV***(don’t need to know anything else on this slide)

A

Magnesium sulfate IV also used to stop labor**must have Ca-Glucanate to tx Mag toxic

39
Q

Uterine Relaxants: Adverse Effects

A

 Palpitations, tachycardia, Hypertension, others
 Tremors, anxiety, insomnia, headache, dizziness,
others
 Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, bloating, diarrhea,
constipation
 Hyperglycemia, hypokalemia
 Dyspnea, hyperventilation

40
Q

Uterine Relaxants: nursing implications

A

 Assess baseline vital signs, weight, blood
glucose levels, renal and liver function studies
 Assess whether the patient smokes
 Assess history and medication history
 Assess contraindications, including potential
pregnancy

41
Q

relaxants cont*****

A

 Before giving any uterine stimulants, assess the
mother’s vital signs and fetal heart rate, Q 15 min
 Uterine relaxants are used when premature labor
occurs between the *****20th and 37th weeks of
gestation

42
Q

 Estrogens and progestins - nursing implications

A

Give IM doses deep in large muscle masses, & rotate sites - very viscous so do it deep - won’t leak

43
Q

infertility - Advise patients to

A

Advise patients to keep a journal while on
fertility drugs

44
Q

A woman has not taken her oral contraceptive since
Monday morning. It is now Thursday morning. What
should she do now to prevent pregnancy?

A

Start over witha newmonthlypack of oral
contraceptives. use a second form of contraceptions

45
Q

Testosterone

A

Responsible for normal development and maintenance of
primary and secondary male sex characteristics
🞑 Development of bone and muscle tissue
🞑 Inhibition of protein catabolism (metabolic breakdown)
🞑 Retention of various electrolytes - Nitrogen, phosphorus Na & K

46
Q

adrogen

A

Several synthetic derivatives of testosterone
 Long-term dosage forms can last from 2 to 3 days to
2 to 4 weeks
 Oral forms have a high first-pass effect - usually not given orally
 Transdermal forms available
🞑 Patches and gel

47
Q

testosterone precautions

A

 Precautions: not for use in prostate cancer, male
breast cancer, heart, liver and kidney disease

48
Q

testosterone teaching considerations

A

keep clean oil buildup can cause acne. May experience mild fluid retention.
🞑 Possible stimulation of prostate tissue growth (hypertrophy), with
perhaps some increased urination symptoms such as a
decreased stream or frequency.
🞑 Pt is at risk for increased risk of developing
prostate cancer

49
Q

Anabolic steroid

A

Schedule III. may give to men who aren’t growing

50
Q

Androgens: Mechanism of Action

A

Stimulation of normal growth and development of the
male sex organs
🞑 Development and maintenance of male secondary sex
characteristics
🞑 Stimulate increased synthesis of body proteins, aiding
in the formation of muscular and skeletal proteins

51
Q

Androgen Inhibitors

A

5-Alpha-reductase inhibitors
 Alpha1-adrenergic blockers
 Androgen receptor blockers
 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH)
Analogs

52
Q

Finasteride (Proscar, Propecia®) and Dutasteride (Avodart®)**

A

unsafe. Inhibits enzyme converting testosterone to DHT more potent
form of testosterone stimulates prostate growth.

53
Q

Alpha1
-Adrenergic Blockers**

A

1mg= Alopecia
- 5mg= BPH

54
Q

Drugs to Treat Erectile Dysfunction

A

sildenafil - board will usually use this name, not viagra. (Viagra®)
🞑 First oral drug for tx of ED
Longer Duration
 vardenafil (Levitra®)
 tadalafil (Cialis®)

55
Q

Drugs to Treat Erectile Dysfunction

A

Prolonged erection >4 hrs= medical emergency - priatism - NO NITRATES - causes severe hypotension and we can’t get it back up and then have heart attack.

56
Q

Men’s Health Drugs: Adverse Effects

A

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors
Finasteride
🞑 Loss of libido, loss of erection,
ejaculatory dysfunction, other effects
🞑 May cause PSA concentrations to decrease
🞑 PSA- Serum “Prostate Specific Antigen” Inc S/sx
of prostate CA
🞑 Normal 2.5 – 3 ng/mL (just know these value)

57
Q

general list of

A

what nitrates look like - patch, pill, etc.

58
Q

Nursing Implications - Men’sHealth Drugs: -

A

get baseline psa and digital rectal exam - it’s hasn’t been evidenced based yet. GI upset
🞑 Headache
🞑 Back pain
🞑 Dysuria
weight, renal functions,
do IM deep it hurts when it leaks out

59
Q

Transdermal Androderm® patches / gel are
applied to the skin on the body, never to scrotal
skin

A

Transdermal Androderm® patches / gel are
applied to the skin on the body, never to scrotal
skin

60
Q

Pregnant women should not handle crushed or
broken finasteride tablets,

A

can cause
teratogenesis

61
Q

Finasteride can be used to treat baldness in both
men and women.

A

false

XIO (372 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions