Moment 16 Flashcards
elements that make up the majority of living things (NOCH on element bedpost)
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
subatomic particles
electrons, neutrons, protons
amu means..
atomic mass unit
shells can contain how many electrons? (SPDF)
2, 6, 10, 14 (each shell holds 2) 1, 3, 5, 7 orbitals
elements in first row (H, HE) have___shell
one shell. Elements in bottom row have 7. These are periods.
periods in the periodic table correspond to the number of…
shell number of valence electrons
boiling and melting points do not depend on the..
mass of a substance bc these are controlled by intermolecular forces. These are intensive properties.
density is an___property
intensive
states of matter are___properties
intensive physical
what has a high specific heat capacity?
water, bc it takes a lot of energy to break up so many hydrogen bonds.
dissolution of ionic bonds creates..
solvent molecules - or the ability to dissolve other molecules
water doesn’t move easily through..
cells, hence aquaporins. (hydrophobic bilayer - remember)
solid water is___dense than liquid water because..
less, liquid has more H bonds
more H bonds = ____dense
less. Ice has more H bonds
first thing to get filtrate in kidneys
bowman’s capsule
kidneys regulate blood pressure by…
the baroceptors sense drop or increase in BP. Kidneys change GFR - decreased plasma (low bp) = vasoconstriction (via sympathetic control), and then less blood to the kidneys. This slows down the GFR, and more fluid can be reabsorbed bc it’s not moving so fast, bp goes up.
hypotonic
cell swells
the lower the ph, the stronger the….
the stronger the acid. The higher the pH, the stronger the base.
chemical reactions are affected by…(PPCCT)
the concentration of reactants and products, the temp, the pressure, the ph, and if a catalyst is present.
molecules in solution or gas are in..
constant motion
if products are added…
the reaction slows down
if reactants are added..
the reaction speeds up
combustion is what type of reaction?
oxidation-reduction reaction
if a reaction is endothermic and 2 flasks - one at 95 degrees and one at 65 degrees, which will have more?
95 degrees will have more bc it’s endothermic - will form more products
liter is NOT…
an SI unit
second IS an…
SI unit
to measure speed of light..
multiply 2 numbers THEN divide by 2 - it’s roundtrip
empirical data is collected..
through the senses
data is plural or singular?
plural if it’s collective. the data have been collected. Singular - the data is sound.
scientific experiments are designed to test..
causal rather than correlation - they are the best way to study cause and effect
the control group IS mice
group, singular here
condition of an F1 monohybrid
a cross btwn parents that are heterogyzous at one specific gene. The F1s ALL Ss - heterozygous
they are signal molecules - they signal (the signal has been cyted)
cytokines
visceral division =
autonomic division
renal arteries branch off of where?
abdominal aorta
self-contained part of an organism
organ
tiny sacs
alveoli
___producing mRNA occurs in the nucleus
transcription
main contraction unit in muscle?
sarcomere
part of cell that is the target of viral DNA
nucleus
amino acids are just..
protein
all enzymes are just…
protein
proteins are made of…
amino acids
in order to establish cause and effect…
an experiment has to be performed
blood type AO - what is the pheno and genotype? (A is dominant)
genotype - AO, phenotype A
you produce how many gamates? (game 4 square)
4 - 4 haploid
F2 is..
The parents are heterozygous. a cross between Yy and Yy (the 2 F1s). F2 is in a 3:1 ratio
pepsinogen made by..(chief pepsi)
chief cells
HCl made by which cells?
parietal cells
if a digestive enzyme ends in “osingen”
it’s in the inactive form. All digestive enzymes are in inactive form
gastrin comes from where and does what? (g-star corner)
comes from G cells, and it stimulates parietal and chief cells
pancreas will release_____enzymes into the small intestines to ______from stomach
neutralizing enzymes. To neutralize an acid from the stomach
si units (SMMACKK)
seconds, meters, kilograms, ampere, kelvin, mole, candela
LH signals males to___.
produce more testosterone. AND testosterone and FSH stimulate more sperm cells.
.1 ml would be measured with a…
micropipette
one chromosome contains
a specific # of genes
protons and neutrons are about..
the same weight
genes are made of…
codons that are 3 nucleotides bases long
evaporation and sublimation require…
heat
metals tend to become___in ionic bonds
positive, losing an electron
as you move down the periodic table, atoms become..(atom likes to stand)
larger
as you move from left to right on the periodic table, atoms become (atoms - opposite)
smaller
as you move down on the periodic table, ionization (ions go down down)
decreases
as you move from left to right on the periodic table, ionization
increases
KLMN are shells, and they have subshells. The subshells are..
SPDF
subshells in KLMN
K has only S. L has S and P. M is S, P, D.
example = n = 2
means 2s2p (2nd shell)
the word “that” indicates an..(THAT is essential)
THAT is essential. essential clause
the word “which” indicates a..
WHICH, I don’t really need. a non essential clause
PEMDAS
multiply and divide are equal - do whichever one comes first
often found at the beginning of a sentence
transition words
types of transition words
agreement - like, in addition. opposition - although, then again. cause - if, unless. examples - like, including. effect - therefore. conclusion - in short. chronology - before, after. location - here, there. After, THEN, once.
both, few, and several are singular or plural?
plural
every boy and every girl is given admission - correct or incorrect
correct - any verb with “every” implies singular, so verb is singular.
more than one of the authors has received the nobel prize. - correct or incorrect
correct - more than one is always singular
hydrogen is the___atom
lightest atom, then gets heavier as they go
atomic radius likes to stand
bigger down, smaller to the right
the smaller an atom, the harder it is to remove an…
electron. In larger atoms, the valence electron is further out, so easier to take. The inner ones are shielded - this is shielding.
the bigger the atom, the___the energy (big and slow)
lower
electons___in energy the further away from the nucleus
increase
adverbs modify what?
verbs
adverb in this sentence - jacob had been worried about the speech, but in the end he did well.
well. modifies the verb did.
the word regardless indicates..
contrast
herd is singular or plural?
singular
if you want to be successful - said the teacher. You is
second-person plural
affect and effect
affect is a verb, and effect is a noun
judgment
judge without Ears
foreword
fore word
harass
don’t harass me for another r
commitment
commit to one it
prerogative
prep the prerogative
cemetery
all e’s go to the cemetery
occasionally I find myself…
adding a second s to the word
adverbs anwer…(add the w’s)
adverblys answer when, where, how, and why?
controlling idea (Myna)
why is the author writing about the topics and what point is the author trying to make
bias
personal feelings involved
comparison (comparison is certainly natural)
certainly, even though, naturally
anthology (anthology trilogy)
collection of related works
if a reference for reading is requested, always pick the most…
reputable one, despite the topic.
title is in quotes. what is in italics?
the name of the book, magazine, etc. the larger work.
footnotes are used to..(cite the foot)
provide citations
when trying to infer the meaning of words..
the opposite definition can help. shrub 2 feet high
to find the theme, pay attention to the..
conflict, and bigger picture
print and nonprint express themes through
repetition
film can address coming of age differently though..
setting
key point provides support for the…
controlling idea
implicit information is..(implicitly disrespectful)
an opinion - he was being disrespectful
descriptive words can be…
implicit
n shells use..
spdf
heterotrophic
humans are. means to consume rather than manufacture nutrient molecules
what can influence the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell?
PROTEIN
decimal to a fraction - 1.28 (P the D)
Place the decimal in the fraction. in hundreths place 128/1000.
4.554 in fraction form
4544/1000
