Chem exam 2-1 Flashcards
carbonyl groups (C=O) are polar or nonpolar?
very polar
formaldehyde (form just one C)
O || C / \ H H
acetaldehyde (think what ace is…always)
O
||
H3C-C-H
benzaldhyde
Benzene w/ CHO attached
acetone (acetone my propanone)
(2-propanone)
O
||
H3C-C-CH3
formaldehyde properties
At room temperature, formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor. irritates throat. used for fuel. Breakdown of methyl alcohol
Acetaldehyde properties (sweet ace’s hyde is high)
Acetaldehyde is a sweet-smelling, flammable liquid formed by the oxidation of ethyl alcohol. narcotic, silver mirrors.
Acetone properties (world’s most)
widely used solvent. miscible w/ water. volatile - fire hazard.
Benzaldehyde properties (cherry benz)
Benzaldehyde is a colorless liquid, pleasant almond or cherrylike odor; first extracted from bitter almonds.
acetic acid - formula
CH3COOH
proprionic acid (3 props)
CH3CH2COOH
Butyric acid
CH3CH2CH2COOH
valeric acid (valley girl at 5)
CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH (5 carbons)
Stearic Acid (sterile at 18)
CH3(CH2)16COOH
Oxalic Acid (backwards ox)
HOOCCOOH
Acrylic Acid (acrylic sneeze 3 times and double after the first)
H2C=CHCOOH
old naming system for acids (the omega is the oldest)
alpha beta
asprin (front door taking asprin - Y benzyl Y)
benzyl w/ 2 C=Os, one C-O, an OH and a CH3
Salicylic acid (willow sails) (plant)
benzyl, one C=O, and 2 OHs
phenol (phent patch with alcohol)
benzene with OH attached
Polar dissolve in…
polar solvent such as water
small alcohols, Small acids, Amines and amide can be…
dissolved in water
H-bonding increases the….
boiling point
esterification equation (ester makes water)
you are literally just taking the OH from the acid and the H from the alcohol and putting them as the product + H20. Then you add the chains together
hydrolysis
you’re literally just adding the OH back to the acid, and the H back to the alcohol
Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis is simply…(hydro is ester’s evil twin)
the reverse of the esterification.