GI peds Flashcards
Alimentary canal (hollow, muscular tube)
Oral cavity
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Accessory glands and organs
Salivary glands
Liver
Biliary duct system
Pancreas
late signs of dehydration
(late and saggy)
flaccid, not crying, sagging skin, doesn’t feel pain
infant and children exchange of fluid is
isotonic
maintenance fluid
D5 1/2
no pee, no
K
max K
20 meq in 500 mL bag - check this
3.5 kg - 10 kg
x 100 mL to calculate - max is 1000
10 - 20 kg
x 50 mL = max 500
20kg +
20 mL
max fluids
max 2400 mL
things to consider when feeding infants
they will tell you when they’re not hungry. don’t force them.
GI assessment for dehydration
percus, ausclate - order is important: visualize first - should be round and soft, not firm, shouldn’t see veins, will sound resonant, ausculate, percus, then belly tickles, then palpate, then go down, urine and bowel samples, x-ray, CT, least invasive to most, then labs.
if pt is dehydrated, first do
oral rehydration like pedialyte.
stool labs
qwacking (sp?)
checking stool for blood, can do parasitic
close monitoring of (for dehydration)
I/O
albumin for
heart failure
assessment - wound care - is bleeding normal?
minimal to low bleeding, can expect a little drainage from peritoneal - this is normal. change abd pad 2x in shift - this is expected.
ostomies
expected, bowel resections
cleft lip and cleft palate- what type of infection is common?
you can one without the other, but cleft palate always has a cleft lip. if hard palate involved, affects airway. ear infections are common. feeding - ESSR - elevate, suck, swallow, rest.
logans bow
after cleft surgery to protect kids from putting things in their mouth
esophageal atresia
a congenital disorder in which a baby’s esophagus does not form properly during pregnancy - will vomit up food or choke.
trans esophageal fistula
esophagus (the tube that leads from the throat to the stomach) and the trachea. will get cyanosis.
normal stool amount for infants
6-8 a day
loose watery
diarrhea
corona virus smells
metalic
constipation is a
sign of something else - dietary, innervation, psychological, etc….
intestinal irriations
UC and crohns
UC
usually just colon and rectum. usually diagnosed in teenage years.
crohns
any part of digestive tract. usually an immune response where cells attack lining of gut. both UC and crohns need bowel rest.
UC and crohns treatment
managing stress and diet. might need an ostomy for bowel rest.
intacaception (sp)
part of intestines goes into another section - very painful.
intusseception - treatment
saline enemas can help, surgery last option,
appendicitis - what causes it?
most common surgery for young children, side to clutch is called mcburn site. fecolith = is what causes appendicitis - piece of poop that covers the opening into the appendicitis.
appendicitis - assessment - check for 1 thing
rebound tenderness, do scans to see if it’s ruptured, if it hasn’t popped - give IV antibiotics, if that’s ok, switch to oral antibiotics.