Moments 10 Flashcards
3 main functions of skeletal system (sat morning mumps - MPS)
movement, protection and storage of minerals and fats
functions of bones (think milk)
synthesize blood and immune cells, store calcium phosphate and lipids
4 major types of bones
long, short, flat, and irregular
ex. of long bone
femur
marrow in a long bone (long yellow)
yellow marrow that stores lipids
found at the end of long bones
red marrow, site of blood cell production
growth plates
at the ends of long bones, where bone lengthens if it’s growing
ex of short bones
square bones of wrists and ankles
ex of flat bones and their function
protect vital organs - ribs
flat bones contain…
red bone marrow and produce blood cells
ex. of irregular bones
hips and parts of skull
ligaments (leg to leg - bone to bone)
attach bones to other bones
only bone in body not connected to other bones
hyoid-held only by muscle
hyaline cartilage
covers articulating surface of bones so they don’t grind together
ex. of synovial joints (balling is a sin)
ball and socket, hinge - usually capable of movement. knee hinges, have synovial fluid
bone is synthesized in…
tubular structure call osteons
osteons composed of…(apatite)
calcium and phosphate rich hydroxyapatite embedded in collagen
haversian systems
osteons
osteocytes are in…(hide from cyte)
cave like spaces called lacunae
matrix forms around the…
central canal that contains blood vessels and nerves
2 main types of bone cells (many clasts and one blast)
multinucleate osteoclasts and mononucleate osteoblasts
osteoblasts do what?
replace cartilage and secrete mineral deposits that form the matrix
nonliving substance of the bone
the matrix
osteoblasts develop into…
osteocytes, which strengthen bone tissue and perform metabolic functions
osteoclasts do what?
break down bone minerals of the matrix
if osteoclasts break down bone faster than osteoblasts deposit minerals…
bone becomes weak, causing osteoporosis
excessive withdrawal of minerals from bone can cause…
bone to lose rigidity and lead to osteoporosis
arthritis
damages cartilage between joints.
brittle bone disease (brittle w/out…)
osteogenesis imperfecta - genetic defect in the collagen matrix. the genes that code for collagen in the matrix are missing, and bone breaks easily
muscle connects to bones with..
tendons, which is connective tissue
prime mover
the contracting muscle
antagonist
the relaxed muscle in the pair
serve as functional units of compact bone
osteon
has a high number of mitochondria
skeletal muscle
flat red…
long yellow
