Female A&P Flashcards
Mesonephric (Wolffian) duct:
Female-this degenerates due to lack of Y-chromosome or testosterone production
Paramesonephric (Mullerian) duct: (Muller is a woman)
Female-becomes the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and upper 2/3rds of the vagina
G(go before)
Number of Previous pregnancies
P (pee before delivery)
= Number of deliveries
S - (spontaneously abort)
= Spontaneous abortions
T (therapy aborts)
= Therapeutic abortions
E - (eek)
= Ectopic pregnancies
Lv (love living)
= Living children
pre-term
Number of preterm pregnancies
full term
=Number of full term pregnancies
gravity (gravity pulls the pregnancy)
defined as the number of times that a woman has been pregnant
parity (pair the birth)
defined as the number of times that she has given birth regardless of whether the child was born alive or was stillborn.
female and male gonads
develop in the same ducts
woffian ducts in women
will degenerate
muscle in uterus that grows for fetus (my muscles)
myometrium
where does fertillization take place?
fallopian tube
mullerian anomolies
genetic abnormalities
unicorn uterus
smaller cavity
uterine position
doesn’t really matter
Anteverted (ante - before)
Anteverted: (most common) rotates forward
Anteflexed (flex at the cervix)
Anteflexed: (most common) Bent forward at cervix
Retroverted
Retroverted: Tilted back
Retroflexed
Retroflexed: Tipped back at the cervix
1st half of cycle
follicular/proliferative
2nd half of cycle
luteal phase/secretory
when does follicular transition to luteal?
ovulation
1st phase of menstrual cycle
bleeding (menses)
2nd phase of mens ecycle
follicular
3rd phase of mens cycle
ovulation
4th phase of menses cycled
luteal
FSH does what?
drives egg development
once egg begins to grow, hormones come from…and what hormone is it?
the ovaries - during follicular phase it’s estrogen - estradiol rises
what hormone supresses FSH?
estrogen
once estrogen gets high enough (egg is mature) - what hormone is released?
drives LH surge
LH surge - what happens to estrogen?
estradiol drops
once ovulation occurs, follicle (holding the egg) turns into what?
it is a struture in the follicle called corpus luteum
the coprus luteum secretes
estrogren and progesterone - progesterone will prepare lining of uterus for pregnancy
HGc feeds
corpus luteum if there is a pregnancy and keeps hormone levels elevated - if not the corpus dies
if cycle is irregular, what phase is it?
it’s the follicular phase
uterus should be what size? (around ovulation)
3 layers and 7 mm thick
how does lining develop?
receptors in lining respond to estrogen
proliferative phase - what happens to the uterus? (proliferate the lining)
when uterine lining is being laid down
secretory phase
luteal phase when glands are developing
HPO axis
hypothalyamic pituitary ovarian axis - communicaton between these
HPO access
GnRH (hypo) - tells anterior pituitary to secrete FSH - makes follicles grow - estrogen then rises - when it’s high enough it becomes negative feedback - suppresses FSH
hypothalamus releases what hormones
GRH
anterior pituitary - what hormones
FSH/LH
follicles in ovaries - what hormone
estrogen
corpus luteum - what hormones
progesterone and estrogen
when egg is fertilized and moves through fallopian tube - timeline
takes one week
blastocyst stage
when egg gets to end of fallopian tube and ready to implant
follicular phase other name
proliferative
luteal phase - other name
secretory
when is estradiol highest?
late follicular
which hormone produced by corpus luteum prepares endomentrium for implantation and maintains fetal unit during 1st trimester?
progesterone
memorize hormone
graphs
estrogen does what?
turns off FSH and LH and makes endometrium thicker
corpus luteum is
the shell that held the ovary before it was released. Once released, it secretes estrogen and progesterone to help thicken lining of uterusi
if the egg is not fertilized and corpus luteum collapses, what happens to the hormones?
estrogen and progesterone decrease
Hgc does what?
helps keep estrogen and progesterone levels high by keeping corpus luteum open in the ovaries
