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XIO > Pharm cardiac > Flashcards

Pharm cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

class I (sodium is #1)

A

Na channel blockers

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2
Q

class I - salty CAB driver

A

1C
1A
1B
salty cab driver

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3
Q

1C (1 degree C is zero)

A

decreases slope of phase O (depolarization) the most, then A and B.

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4
Q

1C adverse effects (C, you can’t use it post MI)

A

can’t use post MI

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5
Q

1A adverse effects (A1 gives me headaches, lupus, and tornados)

A

cinchonism (headache), drug induced SLE (lupus) Td Pointes (Torsades de Pointe)

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6
Q

1B - best for what? (Be the best post MI)

A

best post-MI

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7
Q

1C, 1A, 1B pneumonic for adverse effects

A

CQUDPB -

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8
Q

class II (beta after alpha) - and what do they end in?

A

beta blockers (end in olole)

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9
Q

class II decreases (II times II is 4)

A

phase 4 depolarization

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10
Q

class II how to memorize - 4 letters

A

Beta, SA/AV, olol, AFib

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11
Q

class II adverse effects (2nd class HIC)

A

COPD exacerabtion, impotence, hypoglcemia

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12
Q

class III (3 potatoes)

A

potassium blockers

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13
Q

class III - potassium channel blockers.

A

prolong refractory period. delay repolarization.

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14
Q

class III adverse drug reactions (amor, check your TFT)

A

TdP (torsades)
PFT - pumonary
LFT - liver
TFT - thyroid

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15
Q

class IV (4 milk)

A

ca channel blockers

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16
Q

class IV - (calcium has 7 letters, 0+3+4 =7)

A

0, 3, 4 phase cardiac action potential (calcium has 7 letters, 0+3+4 =7)

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17
Q

class IV adverse effects (I have edema and constipation in my 4th class)

A

edema and constipation

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18
Q

quinadine (1A) - what is it used for? (Quin is a superhero flying through vents)

A

used for superventricular type atrial dysrthymias and ventricular dysrthymias

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19
Q

quinadine adverse effects (I’m going deaf from listening to Quin)

A

can cause emboli, aFib, tennitis

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20
Q

lidocaine (1B) - only for (can only numb the vents)

A

Note changes on EKG. Only for ventricular dysrhythmia

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21
Q

How to administer Lidocaine in an emergency? (IM having an emergency with lidocaine)

A

Give IV only (IM in an emergency). inactive in PO form.

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22
Q

lidocaine for local anesthesia, never given how?

A

NEVER given IV

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23
Q

lidocaine adverse effects (lido makes me lie down)

A

Drowsiness
Parasthesias, tremors, twitching, Seizures Slurred speech

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24
Q

Flecainide (1C) (Flec can be a superhero or a wolf)

A

used to treat supraventricular tachycardias, including AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW).

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25
Q

beta blockers do what? (Beta blood vessels)

A

relax Blood vessels

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26
Q

metroprolol adverse effects - and don’t use with what diagnosis? (COPD at the Met is bad)

A

COPD (asthma patients!), dizziness, fatigue, exercise intolerance

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27
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone®) (class III) (Amor likes to fibs)

A

uses -  Recurrent V-Fib (or tach) - emergency
 A-Fib (oral)

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28
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone®) half life (Amor has lived forever)

A

25 - 110 days

29
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone®) adverse effects (Amor, you’re blind)

A

 Pulmonary Toxicity
 Hepatitis
 Corneal Microdeposits & Blindness
 Thyroid dysfunction

30
Q

Adenosine (Adenocard®) - NOT for (Aiden doesn’t mix with Gab either!)

A

aFib

31
Q

Adenosine (Adenocard®) - precautions about half-life - and how long?

A

 Precaution: Short 1⁄2 Life (1.5 – 10 seconds)

32
Q

digoxin

A

inhibits Na and K pump. Increase output by increasing force of contraction (Inotropic)

33
Q

digoxin precautions (Little Kalema, can you dig?)

A

hypokalemia

34
Q

digoxin adverse effects - early and late (I can’t dig anorexia or blindness)

A

Anorexia (early)
Vision Changes (late) Narrow Therapeutic Index

35
Q

digoxin drug interactions - diuretics (diuretics digging a hole with K+)

A

Diuretics: Combine to lower K+

36
Q

digoxin antidote (the antidote is FAB, can you dig?)

A

Digoxin Immune FAB (Digibind®, DigiFab®)

37
Q

digoxin nursing implications - what blood levels to check?

A

Check serum potassium & dig levels
- K+ should be normal

38
Q

CAD symptoms (Caddy has PADS f)

A

Angina, Palpitations, Dyspnea, Syncope, Fatigue

39
Q

consequences of CAD (Caddy has collateral, ischemia, and thrombus)

A

 Development of collateral circulation
 Myocardial ischemia and infarction
 Thrombus, aneurysms, rupture

40
Q

3 types of angina

A

stable, variant, unstable

41
Q

stable angina - 4 Es

A

Transient (3-5 mins)
Relieved by rest
4 E’s (emotion, exercise, eating, extreme temp)

42
Q

Prinzmetal (variant) angina - related to what? (Prinz is a spaz)

A

Prinzmetal (variant) Unpredictable or at rest Related to vasospasm

43
Q

Unstable Unpredicable angina

A

Unstable Unpredicatble
Not relieved my meds / rest
most dangerous, you need to call 911 with this one

44
Q

A patient is mowing his lawn on a hot Saturday afternoon. He begins to notice chest pain. What should his first action be?

A

stop mowing and lie down

45
Q

Goals of Drug Therapy for Angina (just increase O2)

A

increase 02**
 Reduce myocardial oxygen demand
 Minimize or remove the occlusion

46
Q

What drugs increase myocardial oxygen supply? (MY oxygen, MY calcium and nitrate)

A

▪ Calcium channel blockers
▪ Nitrates (including nitroglycerin)

47
Q

Nitrates are effective in treating stable angina because of their

A

their dilating effect on veins and arteries

48
Q

sublingual or buccal nitrate is

A

the fastest

49
Q

nitro will stop working if

A

you take it too much. need to wait 12 hours in between, don’t take at night.

50
Q

nitro adverse effects (you know these)

A

 Severe headaches
 Orthostatic Hypotension
 Dry mouth, blurry vision

51
Q

nitro drug interactions (No nitro on viagra)

A

Antihypertensives ↑ hypotension
PDE5 inhibitors
*****(sildenafil = Viagra) ↑ hypotension

52
Q

nitro teaching

A

Give sublingual preparation under tongue or in buccal pouch. DON’T SWALLOW

53
Q

nitro instructions

A

◼ Keep at room temp
◼ Check expiration date
◼ Don’t crush or chew
have a fresh bottle that hasn’t been opened

54
Q

should feel a tingling sensation on tongue

A

with nitro. if not, it may be expired.

55
Q

Wean pt from NTG - to avoid what? (Nitro is a spaz)

A

slowly to avoid vasospasm

56
Q

adenosine - how to administer? (Aiden needs IV near the heart)

A

 Must be given IV
 As close to the heart as possible

57
Q

digoxin drug interactions with ACEI (ace inhibitors) (Ace can’t dig)

A

increase K+ (makes dig ineffective)

58
Q

digoxin drug interactions - BB,CCB

A

Combine to lower HR

59
Q

how to adminster digoxin

A
  • Give dig IV Push slowly over 5 minutes
60
Q

digoxin implications - bradycardia

A
  • Treat symptomatic bradycardia with atropine or pacing
61
Q

1A, 1B, 1C examples (Quinn, be the light, see the flecs)

A

quinadine, lidocaine, flecadine

62
Q

1B example (B the light-o-cane)

A

lidocaine

63
Q

1C example (C the flecs)

A

Flecainide

64
Q

Flecainide can cause (flecs in my lungs cause damage)

A

lung damage

65
Q

Class IV (CCB) examples (veep in 4th class)

A

verapamil and diltizam

66
Q

diltizam - used for? (diazapam makes me flutter)

A

for temporary control of Afib and A flutter

67
Q

aden treats (Aiden is a superhero)

A

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)

68
Q

Which class of drugs is used to treat both hypertension and dysrhythmias? (a glass of milk cures everything)

A

CCB

69
Q

ACE causes

A

fatigue, headache, dry cough

XIO (393 decks)

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