Pharm dermatology Flashcards
exzema - allergens and triggers
Foods-strawberries, carrots, showers with hot hot water. bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.
Eczema is a
nonspecific term that refers to a group of inflammatory skin conditions characterized by pruritus, erythema, and scale.
Atopic dermatitis - what ages?
specific type of eczematous dermatitis. usually clears up by adulthood. display weeping, crusting, or scale
atopic dermatitis symptoms
Primary symptom is pruritus (itch)
* AD is often called “the itch that rashes”
* Scratching to relieve AD-associated itch gives rise to
the ‘itch-scratch’ cycle and can exacerbate the disease
atopic dermatitis - infants and toddlers - plaques where?
Infants and toddlers: eczematous plaques appear on the`
cheeks forehead, scalp and extensor surfaces
atopic dermatitis - Older children and adolescents - where?
Older children and adolescents: lichenified, eczematous plaques in flexural areas of the neck, elbows, wrists, and
ankles
atopic dermatitis - adults - where? (Einar)
lichenification in flexural regions and involvement of
the hands, wrists, ankles, feet, and face (particularly the forehead and around the eyes)
atopic dermatitis - baths?
tepid water. use Emollients: petrolatum and moisturizers. use thick creams.
AD - corticosteroid treatments
ointments better than cream, low potency for face. potential side effects striae (red streaks), telangiectasis (dilated capilaries), atrophe, acne.
Dilute bleach baths (sodium hypochlorite)
have been shown to help decrease skin bacteria and AD severity, although the data is still somewhat limited
Neosporin (mix poly with neo)
Neosporin: neomycin + polymyxin B + bacitracin
mupirocin
used for Intranasal form for MRSA
silver sulfadiazine - can’t be used if ppl have what allergy? (it’s literally in the name)
topical, used for site of second-
and third-degree burns. ***Cannot be used if allergic to sulfa drugs
fungal
hard to treat, may take up to a year.
anti-fungal - pills
Pills include Diflucan®, Lamisil® and Sporanox® Requires liver function monitoring**!!
Acyclovir (Zovirax®) and Penciclovir (Denavir®)
Both used to treat initial and recurrent herpes simplex
infections. Doesn’t cure but may speed up healing time.
benzoyl peroxide
Causes death of the anaerobic P. acnes bacteria by
slowly releasing oxygen. Produces improvement in 4 to 6 weeks
accutane
- Required patient counseling regarding use of two forms of contraception and not becoming pregnant during use
- Required “iPLEDGE” program for safety
- Monitor for signs of depression, suicidal ideations (BBW)
Always use benzoyl peroxide with
an antibiotic
Isotretinoin is the
most effective acne treatment available and patients are safe because they are monitored so closely
pimecrolimus (Elidel®) (pim for AD)
- Treats atopic dermatitis
imiquimod (Aldara®)
- Treats actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, and anogenital warts
emmolients
Forms occlusive barrier. Most contain waxes, fats, and/or oils
* Most effective when applied after shower or bath
* Do not use on skin lesions that are moist or exudative
keratolytics (kerats at target)
Applied after area has been bathed or soaked
* More effective if covered with occlusive dressing
* Kept on skin overnight; removed in morning
* Repeated applications are effective
EMLA (Emily has lidocaine)
EMLA: lidocaine/prilocaine combination
scabies
Symptoms caused by reaction to mites
Pimple-like rash or burrows between fingers, on wrist, elbows, armpits, belt line, navel, abdomen, and/or buttocks
Intense itching over most of the body, especially at night
Sores on the body caused by scratching
Incubation period:
2-6 weeks without previous exposure
1-4 days after re-infestation (usually milder)
scabies meds (perm the scabies)
below head - 5% permethrin cream (wash after 8-14 hrs)
1% lindane cream (wash after 8-12 hrs)
aloe - drug interactions
digoxin
Antidysrhythmics
Diuretics
aloe adverse affects
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Dermatitis
Keep in mind that systemic absorption is higher in the
very young and very old because the skin may be more permeable
