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XIO > Male A&P > Flashcards

Male A&P Flashcards

1
Q

Mesonephric (Wolffian) duct:​

A

Male-Under exposure of testosterone develops into the male genitalia

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2
Q

Paramesonephric (Mullerian) duct

A

Male-regress due to mullerian inhibiting factor

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3
Q

Urogenital Development

A

Urogenital ridge​: External genitalia​, Prostate​

Testosterone converts to Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)​, which drives the Prostate gland/urethra​

Urogenital tubercle​: Penis ​& Scrotum

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4
Q

testes

A

Oval organ, main function is producing and storing sperm. Produces testosterone and other male hormones (androgens). Contain coiled tubes-seminiferous tubules.

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5
Q

scrotum

A

Loose pouch-like sac that holds the testes. Ensures temp is sl. cooler than body temp

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6
Q

seminal vescicles (vessels for fluid)

A

Secretes fluid into the sperm ducts->semen

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7
Q

epididymis

(diddy my testicles)

A

coiled tube that connects to testicles - Sperm maturation/conc/storage

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8
Q

prostate gland does what?

A

Secretes fluid that activates sperm. A mixture of this and fluid is called semen

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9
Q

vas deferens

A

Carries sperm from testes to urethra

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10
Q

urethra

A

Carries sperm from sperm ducts to outside of the body

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11
Q

penis

A

The organ that deposits semen into the vagina

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12
Q

Testicular descent - when does it occur?

A

Initiates-7th month of gestation​

In scrotum at birth

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13
Q

Failure to descend

A

Cryptorchidism​ (crypt orchid-ism)

Unilateral​

Bilateral

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14
Q

Location/Function

A

Outside of the body​

Temperature sensitive​

Site of sperm production​

Testosterone production

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15
Q

Spermatogenesis - where does it take place?

(semi-genesis)

A

site of spermatogensis is the Seminiferous tubules​

​

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16
Q

Sperm development

A

Spermatogenesis​

Mitosis->Meiosis I->Meiosis II​

~74 days ​

Spermiogenesis​

Spermatid->mature sperm​
then a head Head ​

the head is covered with an Acrosome, which an enzyme to allow for oocyte penetration​

Nucleus and genetic material​

Midpiece​ - where the mitochondria is = bEnergy​

Tail​

Movement of the sperm​

100 million+ reach maturity daily

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17
Q

Sperm maturation occurs where?

A

epidydymis - site of sperm maturation, concentration, storage. it’s another barrier as well.

18
Q

Accessory Glands​

(Peanut butterS)

A

Seminal vesicle​

Prostate​

Bulbourethral

19
Q

Testosterone​

A

Important throughout male lifecycle​

Reproductive effects​

Secondary Sex characteristics​

Non-reproduction

20
Q

hormone cycle

A

hypothalymus secretes GnRH from anterior - then secretes FSH and LH - then FSH causes testes to develop sperm - and actives ledyig cells. testosterone regulates the whole system - it causes a negative feedback system telling gnRH to stop producing sperm. Inhibin also helps regulate.

21
Q

testerone causes what feedback system?

A

negative

22
Q

when you take testosterone

A

your fertility goes down

23
Q

penis

A

3 columns​

2->Corpora cavernosa​

dorsal-central artery/elastic & connective tissue​

Dilated arteries–>erection​

1-> Copus spongiosum​

Midventral-surrounds urethra​

Ejaculation​

Expulsion of

24
Q

Fertilization - how many sperm?

A

200-600 million sperm deposited in vagina at ejaculation​

25
Q

how long to make sperm?

A

74 days

26
Q

where is sperm produced and stored?

A

testes

27
Q

where does spermatogenisis occur?

(spermatogenisis is S)

A

seminiferous tubules

28
Q

what sperm structure provides enzymes for penetrating the oocyte (egg)

A

acrysome

29
Q

which hormone from the pituatary facilitates spermatogenesis

A

FSH

30
Q

where does spermatogenesis takes place (sperm is created).

A

Within the seminiferous tubules

31
Q

leydeg cells

A

inside the seminiferous tubules - produce testosterone

32
Q

sertoli cells - where are they?

A

inside the seminiferous tubules - produce androgen binding protein

33
Q

if leydig and seretoli bind

A

they produce sperm

34
Q

epididymis

A

to store and mature sperm (on top of the testicle (it has a head, body, and tail)

35
Q

vas deferens connects to

A

epydidymis

36
Q

orchipexy

A

surgery to descend testicles - usually done by 4th month, as late as a year and a half

37
Q

cells involved in spermatogensis - Inside seminiferous tubules:​

A

Germ cells (spermatogonium)​

Sertoli cells​

38
Q

cells involved in spermatogensis -Outside tubules:​

A

Leydig cells-Testosterone is produced here

39
Q

vas deferens - and can indicate which disease carrier?

A

transport of sperm, distal (near prostate), stores sperm
absent of the vas deferens can indicate (CBA`VD) - cystic fibrosis carrier

40
Q

vasectomy

A

cutting the vas deferens

41
Q

capacitation

(don’t capitate the sperm)

A

Capacitation ​- allows for sperm to penetrate egg

~200 million arrive in fallopian tube (site of fertilization)​

42
Q

zona reaction

(zoning)

A

Sperm penetration-Zona reaction - this is when the egg hardens and other sperm can’t get in after fertilization

XIO (393 decks)

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