Renal Flashcards
Afferent (arrive) arteriole caries blood
to the glomerulus
Efferent (exit) tubule caries blood
from the glomerulus
renal perfusion - what % of cardiac output?
20-25% of CO
volume of renal blood flow?
600 mL/min
a decrease in diastolic pressure is associated with
AKI, but decreased MAP isn’t.
kidney functions
fluid balance, BP control (renin), acid base (H and bicarbonate), electrolyte balance, removal of wast, erythorpoetin, vitamin D activation
angiotensin II - increases BP how? and what about heart and prosties?
vasoconstriction, increases myocardial contractility, prostaglandin release (lipids that control inflammation),
angiotensin II - increases volume how? And what about ADH?
aldosterone, Na and water reabsorption, K excretion, and ADH release
older adults and kidney function - blood flow? GFR?
Sclerosis of the glomerulus and renal vasculature
Decreased blood flow
Decreased GFR
Altered tubal function and acid–base balance
older adults and kidneys - drug
decreased clearance, increased interactions
older females
estrogen protects and slows progression of CKD
older males
androgen deprivation slows progression of CKD
specific gravity (the year 1000)
1.002 - 1.035
pH
4.5 - 8.0
BUN elevated with what? (steroid BUNS)
elevated with renal disease, steroids, dehydration, malnutrition
creatinine - men vs women
men slightly higher than women due to muscle.
creatinine elevated (creatins exercise and have low muscle mass)
Elevated with CKD, kidney obstruction, intense exercise, low muscle mass, pregnancy, certain meds (Bactrim), corticosteroids, Vitamin D
BUN/Cr ratio - increased (buns get bigger with no water)
FVD or hypoperfusion of kidneys