Moments 11 Flashcards
kinetic molecular theory (kin-dling)
molecular motion changes as heat is added or removed
as the temp of a substance increases, the intermolecular…
force that holds the molecules together is broken
heat required for a phase change usually will not…
break bonds w/in a molecule
molecules in solids - objects are alive
tightly packed, vibrational motion but no translational motion
molecules in liquids - (liquid can translate)
less ordered, and have vibrational motion and translational motion
gas molecules
rapid and spread apart
what 2 conditions determine the phase of a substance? (TP)
temperature and pressure
increasing the temp tends to…
move particles apart
increasing the pressure tends to…(bart in summer)
pack particles closer together, increases the temp
subject to changes in volume
gases
adding heat (energy) causes..(heat breaks hair)
forces holding particles together in a solid state to break
sublimation
directly coverts solids to gas - unusual
in deposition - and what elements? (red depo)
the reverse phase change from gas directly to solid occurs. occurs at room temp w/ the elements iodine and molecule carbon dioxide
solid carbon dioxide (dry ice)
changes directly from solid to gas at room temp
decreasing pressure decreases…(take it down a notch)
boiling point
triple point
point where substances can exist as solid, liquid, and gas
synthesis reaction (synthesize)
takes 2 substances and combines them into a new substance
decomposition (opposite of…)
the opposite of synthesis - a compound is broken down into simpler elements
single replacement
reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced by another
double-replacement reaction
2 replacements occurs
combustion (O2)
oxygen combines with compound to form carbon dioxide and water. combustion gives off heat and is exothermic.
burning of wood is a _____reaction
combustion
things that affect the reaction rate (CTS)
substrates, temp, catalysts,
when temp rises, the rate of an endothermic reaction will….
(where heat is required) increase
when temp rises with an exothermic reaction…(let it out and calm down)
(heat is released) reaction will slow down
increasing the pressure with a reaction will increase…
the chance of collisions, and will increase the reaction rate
increasing the concentration of reactants increases…(higher chance of what?)
the contact with reactants, and higher chance of bond breaking or creating a bond
if concentration is decreased…(less…)
the reaction will slow down
does not change during a reaction and is reused
catalyst
in biological systems, catalysts are proteins called…
enzymes
the enzyme amylase is a catalyst for the breakdown of___to what?
starch polymers to glucose monomers. helps the body digest starches
common ionic compound - salt (chem name)
sodium chloride (NaCl)
common ionic compound -potassium chloride
eyes on potassium - KCl
common ionic compound - calcium chloride
eyes on calcium - CaCl2
common ionic compound -sodium bromide
NaBr
common covalent compound - water
H2O
common covalent compound - carbon dioxide
share your CO2 - CO2
common covalent compound - oxygen
O2
basic organic compound - glucose
C6H12O6
basic organic compound - ethanol
C2H6O (this is combustion)
aural
ear
taxonomy of biology (KPCOFGS) King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
cell theory
living organisms are made up of cells, that they are the basic unit of all organisms, and all cells come from pre-existing cells.
order of cell cycle (nathaniel)
G1, S, G2, M
when would cell contain the most nucleotides? (tide first)
G1
the sequence of amino acids in gene determines the primary structure of…
protein
when would cell contain the most nucleotides? (tide 1st)
G1
the sequence of amino acids in gene determines the primary structure of…
protein
how many organ systems?
11
factors used to characterize epithelial
layers and shapes
steps in scientific method (OQHPTI)
- Make an observation.
- Ask a question.
- Form a hypothesis, or testable explanation.
- Make a prediction based on the hypothesis.
- Test the prediction.
- Iterate: use the results to make new hypotheses or predictions.
smooth muscle is…
unorganized
one gene should match to one…
protein correctly
layers of meninges (dap)
dura, arachnoid, pia
gyri
bumps
sulci
grooves
limbic system (mem)
memory, emotion, motivation
controls laughing when you’re happy
limbic
hunger, thirst, sex
limbic
amygdala
fear
