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XIO > final review > Flashcards

final review Flashcards

1
Q

resection - abdomen is distended and no bowel sounds.

A

Postoperative ileus

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2
Q

paralytic ileus has

A

N/V

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3
Q

Who is at risk for fluid volume loss

A

Gastric ulcer, appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis

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4
Q

acute liver failure - cause

A

viral hepatitis

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5
Q

acute pancreatitis - sugars?

A

high

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6
Q

acute pancreatitis - main symptom

A

pain

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7
Q

reasons for NG tube

A

Alcoholism, chronic depression, anorexia
Cancer therapy
Coma
GI problems
Bowel prep

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8
Q

CBI - triple lumen

A

balloon, input and output

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9
Q

how to get K back into cells?

A

overhydrate

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10
Q

mitral Stenosis - can cause what?

A

valve opening becomes narrow and restricts blood flow
Mitral stenosis can cause pulmonary congestion d/t backward flow of blood from atrium

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11
Q

stenosis can cause what with the heart?

A

afib

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12
Q

Regurgitation

A

blood leaks backward through a valve, sometimes due to prolapse

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13
Q

regurgitation can cause what?

A

left ventricular hypertrophy

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14
Q

Mitral valve prolapse - avoid what?

A

leaflet balloons back into atrium, mitral click. avoid caffeine, alcohol, smoking.

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15
Q

Mitral valve regurgitation

A

blood flows back into atrium from LV during systole, becomes fibrotic

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16
Q

mitral valve regurgitation - cause

A

mitral valve prolapse

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17
Q

mitral valve regurgitation treatment

A

ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta blockers

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18
Q

Mitral stenosis

A

valve leaflets thicken and fuse together obstructing blood

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19
Q

mitral stenosis - cause (might you have a rhume?)

A

rheumatic endocarditis

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20
Q

Aortic regurgitation

A

ackwards blood flow into LV from aorta, causes LV to dilate

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21
Q

Aortic stenosis - what happens?

A

ventricular wall hypertrophies

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22
Q

PVC

A

ventricular tachy

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23
Q

CAD pt with tachycardia - risk?

A

MI

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24
Q

metabolic acidosis

A

diarrhea, DKA

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25
Q

metabolic acidosis - symptoms

A

hypokalemia, kussmals

26
Q

Respiratory acidosis

A

hypoventilation, COPD

27
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

Alveolar macrophages are altered → increased infection risk

28
Q

Asthma

A

Abnormal sensitivity of cholinergic receptors. Small BRONCHI narrow.

29
Q

Cor pulmonale - main cause

A

COPD

30
Q

ARDS

A

fluid, damage to alveolar capillary membrane

31
Q

ARDs treatment

A

tracheal intubation

32
Q

preload affected by

A

venous pressure and the rate of venous return

33
Q

Chest tube - use

A

lidocaine

34
Q

increased preload =

A

increased SV

35
Q

Cardiac Cath complications (MIS cath)

A

ishemia, MI, stroke

36
Q

lung cancer - NO

A

fever or chills

37
Q

cholecysitis - where is the pain?

A

right shoulder

38
Q

pancreatitis - where is the pain?

A

LUQ radiates to shoulder

39
Q

pancakes are

A

grey and blue (cullen’s and turner)

40
Q

cholecystitis (cole and murphy hang out together)

A

lay patient back and breath out, then breath in

41
Q

pancreatitis diet

A

low fat, high protein

42
Q

profuse vomiting? (profusely small)

A

small bowel

43
Q

Main symptom of GI cancer - (Gee I have fatigue)

A

fatigue

44
Q

gallstones

A

women over 40 mexican native american

45
Q

cholchangitis - who gets it?

A

males 30-40, UC major cause

46
Q

minute volume is

A

RR x tidal volume

47
Q

pulmonary HTN symptoms

A

dyspnea w/ exertion

48
Q

pleural effusion - fremitius?

A

decreased fremitus

49
Q

myocarditis - most common cause (Mei is dilated)

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

50
Q

which cardiomyopathy impairs systolic?

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

51
Q

HF w/ reserved ejection fraction (the left failed to reserve)

A

left ventricle contracts poorly and doesn’t empty. leads to increased preload and decreased EF.

52
Q

HF w/ reserved ejection fraction - left or right sided failure? (the right wing is reserved)

A

right

53
Q

HF w/ preserved ejection fraction (preserving the left)

A

left ventricle filling is impaired. the rest remains normal.

54
Q

congestive heart failure - race?

A

black males

55
Q

cardiac tamponade - BECs triad (BEC)

A

Becks triad - BEC - B - big jugular vein distention, E - extremely low BP, C - can’t hear heart sounds, muffled from fluid

56
Q

cardiac tamponade - symptoms (tampon on the right)

A

like right sided HF. Lungs will be clear, jugular distended. thready pulse.

57
Q

pulmonary artery catheter- which side

A

left ventricular preload

58
Q

MI in women

A

numbness and weakness

59
Q

most common symptom of pericarditis is

A

PAIN

60
Q

mitral stenosis symptom =

A

dyspnea

61
Q

greatest risk for HF

A

over 65

62
Q

metabolic acidosis - hypo or hyperkalemia?

A

hyperkalemia

XIO (372 decks)

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