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XIO > Chem ch 13-2 > Flashcards

Chem ch 13-2 Flashcards

1
Q

saturated

A

saturated - alkane and cycloalkane. No double, triple bonds

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2
Q

unsaturated hydrocarbons

A

alkene (CnH2n) (alkene and cycloalkane are alaphatic), cycloaklene, and alkyne (CnH2n-2), aromatic - C6H6

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3
Q

= line structure for

A

ethene

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4
Q

CH2=CH2 condensed structure for

A

ethene

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5
Q

naming of alkenes (double bond)

A
  1. find longest chain but has to include the double-bond or triple-bond.
  2. number chain closer to double bond and indicate the number of the double bond.
  3. cycloalkenes do not require the numerical prefix
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6
Q

terminal alkene has

A

double bond at one end.

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7
Q

internal alkene has

A

bond in the middle

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8
Q

ethyne (kyna sour) the hydrogens are what?

A

H attached to triple bond are highly acidic.

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9
Q

diene - only used with what?

A

means 2 double bonds - REMEMBER - this will be the suffix in a cyclo for line or cyclo if there are 2 double bonds

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10
Q

types of stereoisomers

A

cis/trans alkanes

cis/trans alkene

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11
Q

REMEMBER - when naming, if it shows the geometrical structure…

A

add cis or trans.

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12
Q

more polar - cis or trans?

A

Cis

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13
Q

alkene and alkyne are polar or nonpolar?

A

NON POLAR. therefore, insoluble in water

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14
Q

can’t be cis or trans

A

alkyne

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15
Q

cylcoalkenes naming

A

same prefix - ending in O, suffix ends in ene - ex. 3-bromocylohexene

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16
Q

alkynes (3 bonds) are more___than alkene and alkane because…

A

unsaturated than alkene and alkane because they have less hydrogens (think-only 1 hydrogen)

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17
Q

have highly acidic hydrogens

A

alkynes

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18
Q

naming alkynes

A

same method but the main chain ends in yne.

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19
Q

if you have double bonds in a cyclo, you need to number them…

A

consecutively - ie - 1,2 NOT 1,6

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20
Q

c=c-c-c name it

A

1-butene (bond on the first carbon, and ene because it’s a double bond)

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21
Q

can’t tell if it’s cis or trans if it’s

A

molecular formula

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22
Q

cis and trans on line formation

A

Follow the angle of the bond, and you’ll know if it’s up or down.

if the lines attached to both sides of the bond are both facing down or up, it’s cis. if one goes up and the other down, it’s trans.

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23
Q

E/Z system

A

one w/ greater atomic mass has priority. To figure it out, draw a line down the middle of the bond, and compare the top and bottom groups. If the groups with higher atomic mass are on the same side, it’s cis.

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24
Q

E configuration

A

trans (opposite)

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25
Q

Z-configuration

A

together - cis

26
Q

hydrogenation

A

adding H

27
Q

halogenation

A

adding halogen group

28
Q

hydration

A

adding H2O

29
Q

hydrohalogenation

A

adding hydrohalide (H-OH) HCl

30
Q

double oxygen bond connected to 2 other carbons (double azo)

A

ketone

31
Q

alkanes - saturated or not?

A

saturated - only one bond

32
Q

alkenes and alkynes - saturated or not?

A

unsaturated, they have more than one bond

33
Q

aromatic - saturated or not?

A

unsaturated

34
Q

functional group in alkene

A

the double bond

35
Q

alkene formula

A

CnH2n

36
Q

alkyne formula (same, but Kyna takes 2)

A

CnH2n-2

37
Q

functional group in alkyne

A

triple bond

38
Q

ethylenes

A

common name for alkene with 2 carbons - same as ethene

39
Q

c=c

A

ethylene formula

40
Q

3 carbon alkene called…

A

propene or propylene

41
Q

c=c-c or c-c=c

A

propene

42
Q

CH2=CHCH3

A

condensed formula for propene

43
Q

c=c-c-c

A

butene

44
Q

c-c=c-c and c=c-c-c are what?

A

double bond isomers - both butene. They are completely different compounds.

45
Q

always number 1 and 2 where in cycloalkenes?

A

double bond in cycloalkenes, THEN number the side chain.

46
Q

CH2=CHCH2CH3 name is…

A

1-butene BECAUSE the double bond is on the 1st carbon

47
Q

H-C (triple bond) C-H name (2 names)

A

ethyne or acethylene

48
Q

2n-2 is formula for

A

alkene and alkyne - this just means n = number of carbons. If you have 4 carbons, do 2(4) - 2 and that gives you the number of hydrogens.

49
Q

when naming alkenes and alkynes..

A

remember that the bond always takes priority over the side chain when naming. If the bond is on carbon 2, then count from there to get to the side chain.

50
Q

stop including prefixes..

A

in the cycloalkenes and alkynes

51
Q

if you’re going backwards, and she gives you 4-methylcyclopentene and asks you to draw it, remember…

A

number 1 and 2 wherever you put the bond. it doesn’t matter where the bond is, just remember to number it 1 and 2, and then the side chain after that.

52
Q

you can use cis or trans if the groups are..

A

both hydrogen and carbon, but if the groups are different (ie flourine or bromine) use E and Z.

53
Q

don’t need to worry about cis or trans if it’s…

A

just a chain structure, ie. c-c-c

54
Q

only do cis or trans if…

A

it’s a geometrical shape, either written out, like CH-C, or just the shape.

55
Q

don’t need to worry about cis and trans for..

A

line structure

56
Q

no cis or trans for..

A

alkyne

57
Q

4 types of addition reactions

A

hydrogenation, halogenation, hydration, hydrohalogenation

58
Q

in addition reaction with triple bond..

A

you need 2 moles of the reagent bc one mole only saturates one carbon bond, that leaves one more.

59
Q

rearrangement

A

all of the same elements, just rearranged.

60
Q

the product of rearrangement is..

A

isomers

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