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Pharm Final 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Phenylephrine, blood vessels

A

constrict (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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2
Q

used in cold and allergy products

A

Phenylephrine (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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3
Q

If given parenterally, used to treat shock-like stages

A

Phenylephrine

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4
Q

prolong anesthesia and maintain blood pressure during spinal anesthesia

A

Phenylephrine

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5
Q

used for open angle glaucoma

A

Phenylephrine

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6
Q 
Side effects:
fear anxiety 
restlessness
headache
nausea 
decreased urine formation
A

Phenylephrine (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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7
Q

contraindications for Phenylephrine severe ___ and __ ___ __

A

hypertension and narrow angle formation (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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8
Q

Phenylephrine contraindication

A

severe hypertension and narrow angle formation (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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9
Q

Phenylephrine interaction with MAO inhibitors

A

severe hypertension (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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10
Q

Phenylephrine interaction with tri-cyclic antidepressants

A

enhanced sympathomimetic effects (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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11
Q

albuterol effect on lungs

A

bronchodilation (sympathomimetic b agonist)

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12
Q

albuterol (sympathomimetic b agonist) used for 2 health problems

A

asthma and COPD

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13
Q 
side effects:
tremor 
dizzy
excited/insomnia
tachycardia
A

albuterol (sympathomimetic b agonist)

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14
Q

albuterol (sympathomimetic b agonist) contraindication:
_ _ disorder
d___
hyper___

A

CV disorder
diabetes
hyperthyroidism

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15
Q

2 drug interactions for albuterol (sympathomimetic b agonist)

A

MAO inhibitors

Tri-cyclic antidepressants

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16
Q

Prazosin effect on blood pressure

A

decrease (sympathetic a blocker)

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17
Q

Prazosin is used to decrease BP in

A

pheochromocytoma

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18
Q

used to reverse vasoconstriction actions of NE and DA

A

Prazosin (sympathetic a blocker)

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19
Q

used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

prazosin

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20
Q 
Side effects:
orthostatic hypotension
miosis (constriction of pupils)
tachycardia
nasal congestion
confusion, headache, dry mouth, can't ejaculate
A

prazosin

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21
Q

Tell clients to avoid over the counter preparations

A

prazosin

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22
Q

prazosin interactions

A

sympathomimetics, diuretics

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23
Q

Nursing implications:
monitor BP and pulse
caution pt to make position changes slowly (orthostatic hypotension)
encourage pt with additional interventions for hypertension

A

prazosin (sympathetic a blocker)

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24
Q

propranolol effect on HR

A

decrease (sympathetic b blocker)

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25
propranolol effect on cardiac output and contractility
decrease (sympathetic b blocker)
26
propranolol effect on renin release
decrease (sympathetic b blocker)
27
uses: antiarrhythmic (especially atrial tachyarrhythmias) antiginal hypertension decrease mortality in pts who already have had an MI migraine glaucoma
propranolol (sympathetic b blocker)
28
``` toxicity: bradycardia AV block respiratory distress cardiac failure prolong insulin-induced hypoglycemia ```
propranolol
29
``` drug interactions: oral hypoglycemias calcium channel blockers MAO inhibitors sympathomimetics ```
propranolol
30
Must be withdrawn slowly to avoid withdraw symptoms
propranolol (and other sympathetic b blocker)
31
nursing implications: monitor BP warn pt about orthostatic hypotension avoid alcohol
propranolol (and other sympathetic b blocker)
32
ergotamine can be used to treat ___ by constricting blood vessels during the 2nd phase of the attack
migraine
33
side effects: | vasospasm, cold extremities, hypo and hypertension, tachycardia or bradycardia
ergotamine
34
used in combination with an anticholinergic and barbituate in the treatment of GI disorders such as GERD and ulcers (Bellergal)
ergotamine
35
ergotamine nursing implication, caution pt that drug may cause __ and __
drowsiness and dizziness
36
ergotamine nursing implication, encourage pt to avoid ___ as it may worsen the headache
alcohol
37
indirect acting parasympathomimetic drugs work by inhibiting
acetylcholinesterase
38
indirect acting parasympathomimetic drugs are divided among
those that cross the BBB and those that can't
39
bethanechol effect, glandular secretion (saliva, gastric acid)
increase (parasympathomimetic)
40
bethanechol effect, lungs
bronchoconstriction (parasympathomimetic)
41
bethanechol effect, pupils
constrict (parasympathomimetic)
42
bethanechol effect, aqueous humor
drains it (parasympathomimetic)
43
bethanechol effect, GI
increase (parasympathomimetic)
44
bethanechol effect, voiding
increase (parasympathomimetic)
45
bethanechol effect, hr
decrease (parasympathomimetic)
46
tacrine effect, glandular secretion (saliva, gastric acid)
increase (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)
47
tacrine effect, lungs
bronchoconstrict (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)
48
tacrine effect, pupils
constrict (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)
49
tacrine effect, aqeous humor
increase outflow (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)
50
tacrine effect, GI
increase (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)
51
tacrine effect, voiding
increase (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)
52
tacrine effect, HR
decrease (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)
53
pyridostigmine effect, glandular secretion (saliva, gastric acid)
increase (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)
54
pyridostigmine effect, lungs
bronchoconstrict (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)
55
pyridostigmine effect, pupils
constrict (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)
56
pyridostigmine effect, aqueous humor
increase outflow (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)
57
pyridostigmine effect, GI
increase (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)
58
pyridostigmine effect, voiding
increase (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)
59
pyridostigmine effect, HR
decrease (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)
60
used post operatively to stimulate the effects of the GI and GU
parasympathomimetic
61
used to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents
parasympathomimetic
62
parasympathomimetic can be used for g____
glaucoma
63
indirect acting cholinomimetics that don't cross the BBB are used in combination with atropine to treat ___ gravis
myasthenia gravis
64
indirect parasympathomimetic that do cross the BBB can be used to treat
alzheimers
65
``` contraindications: asthma peptic ulcers UTI pregnancy bradycardia ```
parasympathomimetic
66
nursing implications: monitor pulse and respiration regularly assess neuromuscular status monitor for symptoms of overdosage (muscle weakness, dyspnea) give atropine if overdosage has occurred monitor urinary output
parasympathomimetic
67
cholinergic blockers are aka ___ blockers
parasympathetic blockers
68
the 3 parasympathetic blockers with need to know are ___ alkaloids
Belladonna Alkaloids
69
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, pupil
dilation (parasympathetic blockers )
70
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, secretions of the mouth and sweat glands and bronchi
decrease (parasympathetic blockers )
71
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, lungs
bronchodilation (parasympathetic blockers )
72
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, HR
increase (parasympathetic blockers )
73
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, BP
none (parasympathetic blockers )
74
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, GI
decrease (parasympathetic blockers )
75
parasympathetic blockers work by blocking the _ receptors
m receptors
76
given prior to surgery because it slows GI secretion
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers )
77
used for parkinson's
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers )
78
treats paralysis during mushroom poisoning
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers )
79
treating IBS
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers )
80
side effects: photophobia, blurred vision, papillary dilation, increased intraocular pressure weak, dizzy, insomnia dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)
81
classic side effects of atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)
dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention
82
routes of administration for atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)
transdermal, SQ, oral, eye
83
contraindications: glaucoma GI obstruction benign prostatic hyperplasia
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)
84
nursing implications: monitor vitals watch for urinary retention and constipation warn pt that they may have blurry vision/drowsy
atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)

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