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aa orgo > Pharm Final 4 > Flashcards

Pharm Final 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Phenylephrine, blood vessels

A

constrict (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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2
Q

used in cold and allergy products

A

Phenylephrine (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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3
Q

If given parenterally, used to treat shock-like stages

A

Phenylephrine

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4
Q

prolong anesthesia and maintain blood pressure during spinal anesthesia

A

Phenylephrine

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5
Q

used for open angle glaucoma

A

Phenylephrine

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6
Q 
Side effects:
fear anxiety 
restlessness
headache
nausea 
decreased urine formation
A

Phenylephrine (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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7
Q

contraindications for Phenylephrine severe ___ and __ ___ __

A

hypertension and narrow angle formation (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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8
Q

Phenylephrine contraindication

A

severe hypertension and narrow angle formation (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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9
Q

Phenylephrine interaction with MAO inhibitors

A

severe hypertension (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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10
Q

Phenylephrine interaction with tri-cyclic antidepressants

A

enhanced sympathomimetic effects (sympathomimetic a agonist)

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11
Q

albuterol effect on lungs

A

bronchodilation (sympathomimetic b agonist)

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12
Q

albuterol (sympathomimetic b agonist) used for 2 health problems

A

asthma and COPD

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13
Q 
side effects:
tremor 
dizzy
excited/insomnia
tachycardia
A

albuterol (sympathomimetic b agonist)

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14
Q

albuterol (sympathomimetic b agonist) contraindication:
_ _ disorder
d___
hyper___

A

CV disorder
diabetes
hyperthyroidism

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15
Q

2 drug interactions for albuterol (sympathomimetic b agonist)

A

MAO inhibitors

Tri-cyclic antidepressants

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16
Q

Prazosin effect on blood pressure

A

decrease (sympathetic a blocker)

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17
Q

Prazosin is used to decrease BP in

A

pheochromocytoma

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18
Q

used to reverse vasoconstriction actions of NE and DA

A

Prazosin (sympathetic a blocker)

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19
Q

used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

prazosin

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20
Q 
Side effects:
orthostatic hypotension
miosis (constriction of pupils)
tachycardia
nasal congestion
confusion, headache, dry mouth, can't ejaculate
A

prazosin

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21
Q

Tell clients to avoid over the counter preparations

A

prazosin

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22
Q

prazosin interactions

A

sympathomimetics, diuretics

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23
Q

Nursing implications:
monitor BP and pulse
caution pt to make position changes slowly (orthostatic hypotension)
encourage pt with additional interventions for hypertension

A

prazosin (sympathetic a blocker)

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24
Q

propranolol effect on HR

A

decrease (sympathetic b blocker)

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25
Q

propranolol effect on cardiac output and contractility

A

decrease (sympathetic b blocker)

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26
Q

propranolol effect on renin release

A

decrease (sympathetic b blocker)

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27
Q

uses:
antiarrhythmic (especially atrial tachyarrhythmias)
antiginal
hypertension
decrease mortality in pts who already have had an MI
migraine
glaucoma

A

propranolol (sympathetic b blocker)

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28
Q 
toxicity: 
bradycardia
AV block
respiratory distress
cardiac failure 
prolong insulin-induced hypoglycemia
A

propranolol

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29
Q 
drug interactions:
oral hypoglycemias 
calcium channel blockers 
MAO inhibitors
sympathomimetics
A

propranolol

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30
Q

Must be withdrawn slowly to avoid withdraw symptoms

A

propranolol (and other sympathetic b blocker)

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31
Q

nursing implications:
monitor BP
warn pt about orthostatic hypotension
avoid alcohol

A

propranolol (and other sympathetic b blocker)

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32
Q

ergotamine can be used to treat ___ by constricting blood vessels during the 2nd phase of the attack

A

migraine

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33
Q

side effects:

vasospasm, cold extremities, hypo and hypertension, tachycardia or bradycardia

A

ergotamine

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34
Q

used in combination with an anticholinergic and barbituate in the treatment of GI disorders such as GERD and ulcers (Bellergal)

A

ergotamine

35
Q

ergotamine nursing implication, caution pt that drug may cause __ and __

A

drowsiness and dizziness

36
Q

ergotamine nursing implication, encourage pt to avoid ___ as it may worsen the headache

A

alcohol

37
Q

indirect acting parasympathomimetic drugs work by inhibiting

A

acetylcholinesterase

38
Q

indirect acting parasympathomimetic drugs are divided among

A

those that cross the BBB and those that can’t

39
Q

bethanechol effect, glandular secretion (saliva, gastric acid)

A

increase (parasympathomimetic)

40
Q

bethanechol effect, lungs

A

bronchoconstriction (parasympathomimetic)

41
Q

bethanechol effect, pupils

A

constrict (parasympathomimetic)

42
Q

bethanechol effect, aqueous humor

A

drains it (parasympathomimetic)

43
Q

bethanechol effect, GI

A

increase (parasympathomimetic)

44
Q

bethanechol effect, voiding

A

increase (parasympathomimetic)

45
Q

bethanechol effect, hr

A

decrease (parasympathomimetic)

46
Q

tacrine effect, glandular secretion (saliva, gastric acid)

A

increase (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)

47
Q

tacrine effect, lungs

A

bronchoconstrict (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)

48
Q

tacrine effect, pupils

A

constrict (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)

49
Q

tacrine effect, aqeous humor

A

increase outflow (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)

50
Q

tacrine effect, GI

A

increase (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)

51
Q

tacrine effect, voiding

A

increase (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)

52
Q

tacrine effect, HR

A

decrease (indirect BBB parasympathomimetic)

53
Q

pyridostigmine effect, glandular secretion (saliva, gastric acid)

A

increase (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)

54
Q

pyridostigmine effect, lungs

A

bronchoconstrict (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)

55
Q

pyridostigmine effect, pupils

A

constrict (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)

56
Q

pyridostigmine effect, aqueous humor

A

increase outflow (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)

57
Q

pyridostigmine effect, GI

A

increase (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)

58
Q

pyridostigmine effect, voiding

A

increase (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)

59
Q

pyridostigmine effect, HR

A

decrease (indirect no BBB parasympathomimetic)

60
Q

used post operatively to stimulate the effects of the GI and GU

A

parasympathomimetic

61
Q

used to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents

A

parasympathomimetic

62
Q

parasympathomimetic can be used for g____

A

glaucoma

63
Q

indirect acting cholinomimetics that don’t cross the BBB are used in combination with atropine to treat ___ gravis

A

myasthenia gravis

64
Q

indirect parasympathomimetic that do cross the BBB can be used to treat

A

alzheimers

65
Q 
contraindications:
asthma 
peptic ulcers 
UTI
pregnancy bradycardia
A

parasympathomimetic

66
Q

nursing implications:
monitor pulse and respiration regularly
assess neuromuscular status
monitor for symptoms of overdosage (muscle weakness, dyspnea)
give atropine if overdosage has occurred
monitor urinary output

A

parasympathomimetic

67
Q

cholinergic blockers are aka ___ blockers

A

parasympathetic blockers

68
Q

the 3 parasympathetic blockers with need to know are ___ alkaloids

A

Belladonna Alkaloids

69
Q

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, pupil

A

dilation (parasympathetic blockers )

70
Q

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, secretions of the mouth and sweat glands and bronchi

A

decrease (parasympathetic blockers )

71
Q

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, lungs

A

bronchodilation (parasympathetic blockers )

72
Q

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, HR

A

increase (parasympathetic blockers )

73
Q

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, BP

A

none (parasympathetic blockers )

74
Q

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin effect, GI

A

decrease (parasympathetic blockers )

75
Q

parasympathetic blockers work by blocking the _ receptors

A

m receptors

76
Q

given prior to surgery because it slows GI secretion

A

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers )

77
Q

used for parkinson’s

A

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers )

78
Q

treats paralysis during mushroom poisoning

A

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers )

79
Q

treating IBS

A

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers )

80
Q

side effects:
photophobia, blurred vision, papillary dilation, increased intraocular pressure
weak, dizzy, insomnia
dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention

A

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)

81
Q

classic side effects of atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)

A

dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention

82
Q

routes of administration for atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)

A

transdermal, SQ, oral, eye

83
Q

contraindications:
glaucoma
GI obstruction
benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)

84
Q

nursing implications:
monitor vitals
watch for urinary retention and constipation
warn pt that they may have blurry vision/drowsy

A

atropine, ipratropium bromide, oxybutyrin (parasympathetic blockers and anticholinergic)

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