406 1 Flashcards
1
Q
most important role of the nurse is
A
educator
2
Q
Common Side Effects of vaccinations
A
Fever – low grade
Local discomfort
Lasting 24 hrs or less
3
Q
vaccination side effect tx: Administer ____ as per health practitioner directions
A
Tylenol
4
Q
vaccination side effect tx: Apply ___ compress to affected site
A
cool
5
Q
vaccination side effect tx: activity level?
A
they should rest
6
Q
vaccination Contraindication:
A
anyone who is immunosuppressed or has a fever/infection
7
Q
If you’re immunosuppressed you should esp avoid the ___ vaccines
A
varicella (because it’s a live virus)
8
Q
Vaccines have no link to
A
No link to autism
No link to getting the disease
9
Q
Autosomal Dominant
A
One gene for character
10
Q
Autosomal Recessive
A
2-genes for character
Or one as carrier
11
Q
X-link Dominant
A
Character on X chromosome
12
Q
X-link Recessive
A
Character on X chromosome and displayed & carrier
13
Q
Rh factor in blood is Autosomal ___
A
Dominant
14
Q
Autosomal Dominant is non
A
gender specific
15
Q
Autosomal Recessive is also non
A
gender specific
16
Q
Sickle Cell Disease and Cystic Fibrosis are Autosomal ___
A
Recessive
17
Q
X-Linked Inheritance: Dominant: X chromosome ___ ___
A
displays character
18
Q
X-Linked Inheritance: Recessive: Carried on
A
1 X chromosome
19
Q
X-Linked Inheritance: Males with affected X __ ___
A
display character
20
Q
X-Linked Inheritance: Females are ____
A
carriers
21
Q
Genetic Mutation is more common in what ages
A
female over 40, male over 65
22
Q
common Chromosomal disorder
A
Down Syndrome
23
Q
blood test done for all newborns
A
PKU
24
Q
Teratogens are most harmful during
A
2-6 wks gestation
25
TORCH
```
toxoplasmosis,
other, (like HIV)
rubella,
cytomalovirus,
herpes
```
26
Pregnancy can be detected at this time
2 – 8 weeks gestation
27
Embryo
2 – 8 weeks gestation
28
Organ systems form
| Heart, lungs, skin, gut, neural tube
2 – 8 weeks gestation
29
Fetus
8-38 weeks gestation
30
During this time, you can perform genetic testing
Chronic villi sampling
Amniocentesis
Sonogram
Fetus (8-38 weeks gestation)
31
___ weeks is premature
21 to 37
32
____ weeks is full term
38-40
33
___ weeks is postmature
over 40
34
Rhogam
prevents antibody formation if Rh negative at 28 wks. Or within 72 hrs post-partum each pregnancy
35
Genetic screening is best done at ___ weeks
15 to 18 weeks
36
Coombs Test
Rh factor
37
Amniocentesis: Extraction of __ __ cells in amniotic fluid
fetal skin cells
38
Amniocentesis time
Week 15-20
39
2 complications of Amniocentesis
Preterm birth
Fetal demise
(among others, like bleeding)
40
the chorion is the ___ side of the placenta
fetal side
41
Chorionic Villi Sampling time
10 to 12 weeks
42
Chorionic Villi Sampling complications
same as Amniocentesis
43
POSSIBLE sign of pregnancy: Positive URINE test for
HCG
44
PROBABLE sign of pregnancy: Positive Blood test for
HCG
45
Sonogram, US, and Leopold's are ___ signs of pregnancy
positive signs
46
Nagel’s Rule
(Date of LMP) - (3 months) + (7 days)
47
less than 20 wks. gestation
Abortion
48
Miscarriage:
spontaneous abortion
49
Live Births:
full or pre-term
50
Gravida
pregnant woman
51
Multigravida
pregnant more than once
52
Para
births after 20 wks either live or stillborn
53
Multipara
2 or more births live or stillborn
54
Nullipara
no births past 20 wks. gestation
55
A woman is 28 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that she has three children, one set of twin boys who were born at 35 weeks and one daughter born at 40 wks. She had a miscarriage at 12 weeks after the boys were born.
The nurse would document Gravida:
4
56
A woman is 28 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that she has three children, one set of twin boys who were born at 35 weeks and one daughter born at 40 wks. She had a miscarriage at 12 weeks after the boys were born.
The nurse would document Para:
2
57
A woman is 28 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that she has three children, one set of twin boys who were born at 35 weeks and one daughter born at 40 wks. She had a miscarriage at 12 weeks after the boys were born.
The nurse would document Term:
1
58
A woman is 28 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that she has three children, one set of twin boys who were born at 35 weeks and one daughter born at 40 wks. She had a miscarriage at 12 weeks after the boys were born.
The nurse would document Pre-term:
1
59
A woman is 28 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that she has three children, one set of twin boys who were born at 35 weeks and one daughter born at 40 wks. She had a miscarriage at 12 weeks after the boys were born.
The nurse would document Abortions:
1
60
A woman is 28 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that she has three children, one set of twin boys who were born at 35 weeks and one daughter born at 40 wks. She had a miscarriage at 12 weeks after the boys were born.
The nurse would document Living:
3
61
Rhogam- to prevent antibody formation:
Give at 28 wks. Or within 72 hrs post-partum
62
Weight during the 1st trimester
common to lose 5 or 10 pounds
63
Appetite increasing during the __ trimester
2nd
64
pregnancy starts to show at
20th week
65
besides weight gain, manifestations of 2nd trimester
lordosis
| skin color changes
66
manifestations of 3rd trimester
broader hips
diaphragm displaced (makes it hard to breath)
foot swelling at the END of the day
67
3 things you definitely want in your diet
folic acid,
calcium,
iron
68
3 good types of exercise
Walking
Cycling
Swimming
69
Four Ps of L&D
Position
Presentation
Powers
Psychological
70
Four Ps of L&D: Position
maternal pelvic measurements and fetal position in the womb (fetal lie)
71
Four Ps of L&D: Presentation
vertex, breech
72
Four Ps of L&D: Powers
woman’s abdominal, uterine and vaginal muscles
73
– descent of fetal presenting part in relation to ischial spine
Station
74
largest diameter of fetal presenting part passes thru pelvic inlet and into pelvic cavity. Prior to or during labor
Engagement
75
False Pelvis –
above the brim
76
True Pelvis –
below the brim
77
Pelvic Inlet –
brim of the true pelvis
78
Pelvic Outlet –
ischial spine and symphysis pubis
79
3-phases
Latent
Active
Complete dilation and effacement of cervix
80
3-phases: Latent – slow cervical dilation for
several days
81
3-phases: water breaks.
latent phase
82
3-phases: contractions have become regular
Active phase (and at the very end of the latent phase I guess)
83
3-phases: Transition happens in
Active phase
84
Transition
8-10 cm dilation,
intense, frequent contractions,
effacement 95%
85
3-phases: latent phase, the cervix is __ cm
0 to 3 cm
86
3-phases: latent phase time period
Nullipara: 8-10 hrs
Multipara: 6-7 hrs
87
3-phases: Active phase, before transition the cervix is __ cm
4 to 7 cm
88
3-phases: Woman may lose focus & control
transition phase of the active phase
89
Placental Delivery: check both sides, the Amnion/maternal side will be
rough
90
Placental Delivery: check both sides, the Chorion/fetal side will be
shiny
91
4 stages of L&D: 1
onset of labor to full cervical dilation
92
4 stages of L&D: 2
cervical dilation to delivery of newborn
93
4 stages of L&D: 3
newborn delivery to placental delivery
94
4 stages of L&D: 4
first 2-hrs post partum
95
L&D time varies depending on primpara or multipara. Average time is
12 hours
96
After the delivery, the placenta comes out __ min later
5
97
Contractions: onset of one to end of contraction (how long lasting)
Duration
98
Contractions: period between one contraction and the next contractions (How far apart)
timing
99
Post Partum: Assess Lochia for RAS
Rubra
Serosa
Alba
100
Post Partum: Watch for ___ Uterus
Boggy
101
Post Partum: assess the f___
fundus
102
Instruct family to time contractions and come to hosp in ___ ___ phase.
later latent
103
Instruct woman in labor push with contractions and
rest in between
104
Assess placenta for
intactness
105
Apgar Score: highest score
10
106
Apgar Score: 2 points for HR
above 100
107
Apgar Score: 2 points for cry that is
lusty
108
Apgar Score: 2 points for legs that
recoil
109
Apgar Score: 2 points for a reflex
the baby startles
110
Apgar Score: 2 points for color
pink
111
when is Apgar Score done
1 to 5 min after birth
112
Care of the Newborn: Feeding – breast milk or
glucose water
113
Meconium stool
black & tarry in 24 hrs
114
Apgar Score: bluish extremities
1 (0 is pallor or cyanotic)
115
Newborn Feeding: How much to feed?
2-3 oz Q 3-4 hrs
116
Eyes get prophylactic tx of
Erythromycin
117
Newborn Care: given to promote clotting
Vit K
118
Physiologic Jaundice: rapid breakdown of
fetal RBCs in neonatal period
119
Physiologic Jaundice: Liver cannot
metabolize quickly in some newborns
120
Physiologic Jaundice: GI tract
does not uptake and excrete bilirubin from the bloodstream fast enough
121
Physiologic Jaundice: there will be an increase in
unconjugated bilirubin (Normal range 4-6mg/dL)
122
Neonatal Jaundice: bilirubin levels elevated to
greater than 10-15mg/dL
123
Kernicterus
a bilirubin induced brain problem
124
Phototherapy
Fluorescent lighting to encourage the breakdown of bilirubin
125
Phototherapy: protect the
eyes
126
Phototherapy: prevent
dehydration
127
toddlers are struggling for
autonomy
128
Magical thinking limits their ability to understand things
pre schoolers
129
Cognitively, presechoolers are in the ___ stage
pre operational
130
fear of the physical nature of illness surface at this time
school age
131
school age children define illness by
concrete symptoms
132
adolescents can describe their pain but
may be reluctant to admit it
133
incision made at the perineum before delivery
Episiotomy
134
Hemorrhoids tx:
diet & exercise to promote normal BM, stool softeners
135
Colostrum appearance
thick, yellow
136
Transitional milk quality:
thinner
137
Mature breast milk is present at
2 wks
138
nutrition: newborn needs __ kcal/kg
120 kcal/kg
139
Lactation Diet: ___ additional calories/day
500
140
Lactation Diet: avoid ___ and __ foods
spicy and gasy
141
Deal with breast engorgement by
pumping or breasting feeding
142
approx how long should you breast feed
15 to 20 min
143
postpartum exercise: day 1
Walking
144
postpartum exercise: day 2
Stretching
145
postpartum exercise: day 3
Kegel
146
postpartum exercise: sit ups
starting at 1 to 2 weeks (with provider approval)
147
smoking is harmful because it
vasoconstricts
148
the biggest cause of birth defects
congenital defects
149
LBW
less than 6 pounds
150
Average birth weight
7.5
151
15 y/o and abortion
doesn't need parental consent, but would need parental consent for non-reproductive things
152
most birth defects are autosomal
recessive
153
down syndrome is not considered a
genetically INHERITED disorder (rather it's a genetic mutation)
154
Which can be done first, chorionic villi or amniocentesis
chorionic
155
Which is more risky, chorionic villi or amniocentesis
chorionic
156
embryo becomes fetus when
all organ systems are present (just need to keep developing)
157
The heart first beats at
3 weeks
158
The earliest you can do leopolds is
6 weeks
159
How far a long is a woman by the time she comes to the doc
4 to 6 weeks
160
How does maternal exercise affect fetal HR
increases it
161
Rhogam is a short term IG given if the mother is
Rh negative
162
Rhogam is given because
we don't want the mother making antibodies that attack the Rh positive baby (almost everyone is Rh positive)
163
Stress test is to evaluate
how the baby responds (does it move; can the HR stabilize)
164
Stress test could be
nipple stimulation which causes contraction
165
Swelling is only normal in the
feet (not other body parts)
166
average woman should gain __ pounds during pregnancy
28 or 30
167
Torch is a __ __ series
blood test
168
Eating eggs during pregnancy
should be soft cooked, not well done
169
Exercise that prevents tearing
kegel
170
during contractions, the abd feels
board like
171
after birth, check the umbilical cord for
2 arteries and 1 vein
172
If the infant doesn't breast feed in the delivery room
might need to bottle feed in the nursery to keep the blood sugar up
173
length of a newborn
21 inches (50 cm)
174
newborn head circumference
13.5 in (34 cm)
175
newborn chest circumference
13 in (33 cm) just under head
176
anterior fontanels close around __ to 18 months
15
177
posterior fontanels close around __ to __ months
2 to 3
178
the first stool is
dark and sticky
179
The umbilical cord must be kept
dry
180
umbilical cord falls off around
10 to 14 days
181
Umbilical cord should be kept
outside the diaper
182
Before it falls off the umbilical cord becomes
black
183
until the cord falls off, do not do this to the baby:
dunk in water
184
cord drainage
shouldn't be draining much at all
185
during breast feeding, you can use __ but should be in moderation
caffiene
186
The nursery is only for __ babies
healthy
187
parents can help "__" for the child
translate
188
baby assessment: doesn't really matter what position you
take the BP in
