HESI Nervous Tissue

Question 1

ER in a neuron is called ___ ___

Answer 1

Nissl bodies

Question 2

axon meets the soma at the

Answer 2

axon hillock

Question 3

the branches at the end of an axon are called

Answer 3

telodendria

Question 4

the 3 functional classifications of neurons are sensory, motor, and

Answer 4

association or interneurons

Question 5

type of neuron thats located in the CNS and work between sensory and motor neurons

Answer 5

interneurons

Question 6

most common type of neuron (functional classification)

Answer 6

interneuron

Question 7

a nerve fiber refers to

Answer 7

an axon

Question 8

a bundle of axons is a

Answer 8

nerve

Question 9

cell bodies are usually grouped into bundles called

Answer 9

ganglia

Question 10

the outer layer that surrounds and entire nerve

Answer 10

epineurium

Question 11

the middle layer that surrounds a bundle of axons

Answer 11

perineurium

Question 12

layer surrounding each individual axon

Answer 12

endoneurium

Question 13

a nerve ____ is a bundle of fibers in the CNS

Answer 13

nerve tract

Question 14

neuroglia, CNS, have star shaped appearance

Answer 14

astrocytes

Question 15

neuroglia, CNS, creates the myelin sheath

Answer 15

oligodendrocytes

Question 16

neuroglia, CNS, phagocytic

Answer 16

microglia

Question 17

neuroglia, CNS, line the fluid filled cavities in the CNS

Answer 17

ependymal cells

Question 18

neuroglia, PNS, create the myelin sheath

Answer 18

schwann cells

Question 19

neuroglia, PNS, surround the cell bodies

Answer 19

satellite cells

Question 20

axon potentials jumping from node to node is called ____ conduction

Answer 20

saltatory

Question 21

____ matter contains myelination

Answer 21

white

Question 22

_____ matter doesn’t have myelination

Answer 22

gray

Question 23

In an unstimulated nerve, the inside has a ___ charge compared to the outside

Answer 23

negative

Question 24

polarization of the unstimulated nerve is maintained by keeping lots of ___ ions on the outside and lots of ___ ions on the inside

Answer 24

Na

K

Question 25

The inside of the resting cell is negative mostly because of negative ____ and ____ ____ inside the cell

Answer 25

proteins and nucleic acids

Question 26

Ions can cross through the nerves membrane through ___ ____ in response to neurotransmitter, changes in membrane potential, etc

Answer 26

gated channels

Question 27

_____ potential describes the state of the neuron when it's at -70 mv

Answer 27

resting potential

Question 28

a ____ _____ is a change in the resting potential of the plasma membrane in response to a stimulus

Answer 28

graded potential

Question 29

a nerve membrane depolarizes by opening channels that

Answer 29

let in Na

Question 30

if a stimulus opens up K+ gated channels, the membranes becomes _____

Answer 30

hyperpolarized

Question 31

unlike a graded potential, an ____ ____ can travel long distances

Answer 31

action potential

Question 32

_____ is the opposite of resting potential because now K is on the outside and Na is on the inside

Answer 32

repolarization

Question 33

In this period, the Na and K are still in switched positions, so the cell won't respond to another stimulus yet

Answer 33

refractory

Question 34

chemical synapse, when an action potential reaches the end of an axon, the ______ of the membrane causes gated channels to open the allow __ to enter

Answer 34

Ca2+

Question 35

chemical synapse, the influx of Ca2 into the terminal end causes _____ ____ to release a ______

Answer 35

synaptic vesicles | neurotransmitter

Question 36

chemical synapse, if the neurotransmitter allows more Na and Ca to enter the postsynaptic cell

Answer 36

an action potential is generated (cell is excited)

Question 37

chemical synapse, the neurotransmitter allows K to exit or Cl- to enter the postsynaptic cell

Answer 37

an action potential is probably stoped

Question 38

common neurotransmitter, commonly stimulates muscles to contract by opening gated positive ion channels

Answer 38

ACh

Question 39

common neurotransmitter, derived from amino acids and are secreted mostly between neurons of the CNS (4 of them)

Answer 39

epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin

Question 40

common neurotransmitter, a common inhibitory transmitter

Answer 40

GABA

Question 41

What area of the brain deals with understanding written or verbal speech?

Answer 41

Weirnecke’s area

Question 42

The sodium-potassium pumps moves how many of each ion at a time

Answer 42

3 sodium out | 2 potassium in

Question 43

nerve that stimulates the diaphragm

Answer 43

phrenic

Question 44

nerve for the anterior arm and lateral forearm

Answer 44

musculocutaneous

Question 45

nerve for anterior forearm and some of the hand

Answer 45

median nerve

Question 46

nerve for the medial thigh

Answer 46

obturator nerve

Question 47

nerve for the perineum

Answer 47

pudendal neve