300 Midterm Flashcards
An acquired set of thoughts, feelings, attitudes and beliefs that individuals have about the nature and organization of their personality
Self-concept
Self-concept is active rather than
static
Create and reflect our personal reality and worldview (four aspects) p e c s
Physical, emotional, cognitive, and spiritual
Personalized messages received from others that help shape self-concepts and contribute to self-evaluation
Reflective Appraisals
Self-esteem is the ___ value a person places on his or her personal self-worth in relation to others and the environment
emotional
A person’s perceived belief that he or she has the capability to perform general or specific life tasks successfully
Self-efficacy
Nursing is an intersubjective transactional relationship between a nurse and a patient/client who are human beings existing in the world
Humanistic Nursing
Conceptual framework of the Humanistic Nursing theory is e____
existentialism
Thinking begins with the feeling, acting, living individual.
Individuals have free-choice, self-determination and self-responsibility.
Individuals determine meaning in their lives
existentialism
Phenomenology: A person’s perception of the ___ of an event
meaning
Phenomenology: what people experience related to a phenomenon and how they ___ those experiences
interpret
identifying and putting aside any preconceived ideas, beliefs and opinions about the phenomenon
Bracketing
remain open to meaning given the phenomenon by those who experienced it
Intuit
results in common understanding of the phenomenon
Intuit
making sense of the essential meanings of the phenomenon.
common themes are found
Analyze
understand and define the phenomenon
communicate a distinct, critical description
Describe
Phenomenology: one strives to eliminate that which exists in his mind prior to and independent of the experience. This is done by attempting to ___ theoretical presuppositions, judgments
bracket
The habit of premature __ may close a person to the full savoring of experience
labeling
the nurse’s experience of her lived world may be dulled by ___. It is necessary to break through the tunnel vision of routine
habituation
A helpful aid in reflecting on and articulating an experience is the question:
“What am I taking for granted?”
One may determine which elements are essential to the phenomenon by
trying to imagine the phenomenon without a particular element
may be used to promote analytic examination and description
analogy or metaphor
A professional alliance in which the nurse and client join together for a defined period of time to achieve health-related treatment goals.
Therapeutic Relationship
A collaborative process in which the nurse and client join their personal and professional expertise to resolve health care problems
Client-Centered Approach
Patient enters relationship with a health care need that is ___ responsive to nursing intervention
potentially
When the nurse recognizes parts of themselves in their clients, they ___ the nurse-client relationship
humanize
To be true to oneself or to one’s being
Authenticity
Engaging in the relationship knowing that parts of the relationship may be painful, uncomfortable, yet rewarding.
Authenticity
Being able to fully understand the experience of another without loss of self
Empathy
Fully perceive the depth of a client’s anger, fear and anxiety without being overwhelmed by it
Empathy
Self- disclosure Guidelines: should be b__
brief
Self- disclosure Guidelines: should be to meet the
the client needs
Self- disclosure Guidelines: should not be
the same as the client’s experience
Intentionally revealing personal information to facilitate the relationship
Self- disclosure
Enabling people to choose to take control over and make decisions about their lives
Empowerment
Help them develop knowledge, skills, and resources they need
Empowerment
Client takes primary role in their health care
Empowerment
Guiding and providing direction rather than doing for the person
Empowerment
Help define the professional conduct of the nurse in relating to the client
Boundaries
Creates safety for the client
Boundaries
Nurse must continually reflect on his or her personal and professional involvement in the relationship
Boundaries
Interpersonal Issues are the ___’s responsibility to resolve
nurse’s
Acknowledge and address: Over-involvement Avoidance Anger Frustration Detachment
Interpersonal Issues
Ethical principle that should be foremost in the nurse’s mind throughout the relationship
do no harm
Which phase-
Prepare yourself professionally
Prepare approach for individual clients
Prepare physical environment
Preinteraction
Which phase-
Sets the stage for the rest of the relationship
Orientation
Which phase-
Correlates with the assessment phase of the nursing process
Orientation
Which phase-
Participant Observation
Orientation
Which phase-
Defining the problem
Orientation
Which phase-
Mutual clarification of ideas and expectations
Planning (Identification) (working phase)
Which phase-
Using client’s personal strengths and community resources to help them resolve health care issues
Implementation (Exploitation) (working phase)
I-IT
Subject:Object
I-Thou
Subject:Subject
A relationship in which each individual responds to the other from his or her own uniqueness
I-Thou
A relationship in which there is mutually respected reciprocal alliance
I-Thou
In Multiculturalism, there are some general characteristics shared by
all cultural groups
Holds that each culture is unique and should be judged only on the basis of its own values and standards
Cultural Relativism
The totality of enduring facts, principles and values that a person or a culture deems to be true or to be trusted
Belief Systems
Groups in which members share cultural heritage from one generation to another
Ethnicity
A belief that one’s own culture be the norm because it is considered better or more enlightened than others
Ethnocentrism
How a person from a different culture initially learns behavior norms and values of the dominant culture and begins to adopt it behaviors and language patterns
Acculturation
A person’s full adoption of the behaviors, customs, values, and language of the mainstream culture
Assimilation
prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair
bias
Oversimplified conception, opinion, or belief about some aspect of an individual or group of people
Stereotyping
Preconceived opinion not based on fact or experience
Prejudice
A set of cultural behaviors and attitudes integrated into the practice methods of a system, agency, or its professionals, that enables them to work effectively in cross cultural situations
Cultural competence
Occurs when cultural care values are known and used appropriately by the nurse: Culturally ___ Care
Culturally Congruent Care
kind of group where Membership is either Automatic or
Chosen due to common interest
Primary
kind of group, Not spontaneous
secondary
kind of group, Specific purpose
secondary
Support groups are an example of a ___ group
Therapeutic Groups
Communication process and behaviors occurring during the life of a group
Group dynamics
Group dynamic in which loyalty to the group and approval by other group members becomes so important that members are afraid to express conflicting ideas and opinions for fear of being excluded from the group
Group think
Symptoms
Stereotyping outsiders
Group think
Symptoms
Illusion of invulnerability, Illusion of morality
Group think
Symptoms
Mindguards
Group think
Symptoms
Collective rationalization
Group think
a family’s ability to cope positively with adversity
Family Resilience
The __ model: What affects one affects each and affects the family as a unit
Systems Models
Nursing Process with Families,
Four Elements for planning:
Family’s ____ of the problem
definition
Nursing Process with Families,
Four Elements for planning:
Key family ___
characteristics
Nursing Process with Families,
Four Elements for planning:
Unique ___ ___ patterns
cooperative response
Nursing Process with Families,
Four Elements for planning:
Family treatment ___
goals
a term used to describe the communication processes and behaviors occurring during the life of the group
Group Dynamics
choosing group members who have enough in common to interact with each other in a meaningful way
functional similarity
refers to the behavioral rules of conduct expected of group members
group norms
kind of norms that evolve from the group itself in the storming phase
group-specific norms
refers to the structural development of the group and describes the phases of its life cycle
group process
phase of a group that starts when members come together to make a group
forming phase
this phase is characterized by conflict around interpersonal issues. Members focus on power and control issues
storming
phase where cohesiveness develops and standards evolved by members
norming
the group’s work is done in this stage
performing
final phase of a group
adjourning
behaviors that members of a group use to move toward a goal and behaviors designed to ensure personal satisfaction
role functions
behaviors that members of a group use to move toward goal achievement
task functions
behaviors that members of a group use to ensure personal satisfaction
maintenance functions
are self-roles a good thing or bad thing in a group
bad (detract from group)
a person that uses the group to express personal views and feelings unrelated to group task
self-confessor
co-leadership can be __ or __
good or bad
refers to the value a group holds for its members and their investment in being a part of the group
cohesion
kind of group used with confused clients who are limited to benefit from a remotivation group but still need companionship and involvement with others
resocialization groups
kind of group that’s designed to stimulate self-esteem and socialization in a small group environment
remotivation groups
kind of group that allows clients to work on individual projects or to participate with others in learning life skills
occupational therapy group
kind of group that offers opportunities to engage in leisure activities that release energy and provide opportunity to learn interpersonal skills
recreational therapy group
a group of people who have personal experience of a topic of interest and who meet to discuss their perceptions and perspectives on that topic
focus group
group maturity involves 2 forms of maturity: __ and __
job maturity and psychological maturity
refers to an acquired set of thoughts, feelings, etc that people have about the nature and organization of their personality
self-concept
a term used to explain the future-oriented component of self-concept
possible selves
refer to the personalized messages received from others that help shape self-concepts
reflective appraisals
theorist who said that people have different social selves depending on the situation
James
theorist that approaches the self from a sociologic/culture perspective
Mead
an intrapersonal psychological process consisting of a person’s perceptions or images of personal abilities and characteristics
personal identity
the gatekeeper of personal identity because it is the initial cognitive process through which a person transforms external sensory data into selected images of reality
perception
a complex, creative, logical process that people use to make sense of perception
cognition
a cognitive strategy people can use to lessen cognitive distortions
self-talk
the EMOTIONAL value a person places on his or her personal self-worth
self-esteem
a term used by Bandura, referring to a person’s perceptual belief that he or she has the capability to perform life tasks
self-efficacy
the 4 aspects of self-concept patterns are __ image, ___ identity, __-__, and s___
Self concept: body image personal identity self-esteem spirituality
kind of violation that takes advantage of the client’s vulnerability and represent a conflict of interest
boundary violation
less serious infarction than boundary violation
boundary crossing
the purpose of self-disclosure is to deepen
trust
an intentional human action characterized by commitment and a sufficient level of knowledge and skill to allow you to support the integrity of the client
caring
the foundation of all relationships
trust
ability to be sensitive to and communicate understanding of the client’s feelings
empathy
means that the nurse and client agree on the client’s health problems
mutuality
contributes to the establishment of a therapeutic relationship. When the client knows he can expect the truth, the development of trust is promoted and helps build the relationship
veracity
the process of attributing characteristics to a group of people as though all persons in the group possess them
stereotyping
the C in CARE stands for
connect (offer your attention)
the A in CARE
appreciate the clients situation
the R in CARE
respond to clients needs
the E in CARE
empower
a broad term used to describe all of the factors that influence how the message is perceived (underlying message)
metacommunication
the oral delivery of a verbal message, expressed through tone of voice, inflection, sighing, etc
paralanguage
___ competence develops as the nurse comes to understand the complex cognitive, behavioral, and cultural factors that influence communication
interpersonal competence
__ __ competence is the ability to interpret a message within interactions from the point of view each of the participants.
social cognitive competency
__ competency refers to the ability to use language and nonverbal to achieve goals in the interaction
message competency
Short phrase like “Go on” or “And then?”
minimal cues
a response strategy used to check whether the nurse’s translation of the client’s words is an accurate interpretation of the message
paraphrasing
a listening response that focuses on the EMOTIONAL implications of a message
reflection
an active listening skill used to review content and process
summarizing
a message given by the nurse to the client in response to a message or observed behavior
feedback
challenging the frame in which a person perceives events in order to change the meaning
reframing
term for groups in which members share cultural heritage from one generation to another
ethnicity
refers to a person’s capacity to define himself/herself within the family system as an individual having legitimate needs and wants
self-differentiation
refers to the emotional transmission of behavioral patterns, roles, etc from generation to generation
multigenerational transmission
refers to the way family members relate to one another within their immediate family when stressed
nuclear family emotional system
refer to a defensive way of reducing anxiety between 2 family members by drawing a 3rd person or object into the relationship
triangling
refers to an unconscious casting of unresolved anxiety in the family on a particular family member, usually a child
family projection
refers to a belief that sibling positions shape relationships and characteristics
sibling position
refers to a person’s withdrawal from other family members as a means of avoiding issues
emotional cutoff
refers to parallels that Bowen found between the family system and the emotional system operating at the institutional level of society
societal emotional process
uses a standardized set of connections to graphically record basic info about family members and their relationships over 3 generations
genogram
illustrates the shared relationships between family members and the external environment
ecomap
__ questions focus on family interrelationships and the impact a serious health alteration has on individual family members and on the family system
circular questions
