406 2 Flashcards by Richard smith

between ovulation and the beginning of the next cycle there are exactly

14 days

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

life time of sperm and eggs

sperm is 3 days,

egg 1 day

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

rhythm method of BC

avoid sex a few days before and after the ovulation day

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Menstrual phase: Days

1 to 5 of cycle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Phases of the Menstrual Cycle: Shedding of the endometrium occurs in the form of
uterine bleeding.

Menstrual phase

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Proliferation (follicular) phase: Day

5 to ovulation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Endometrium is restored under primary hormone influence of estrogen.

proliferation (follicular) phase

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) converts the follicle to a

corpus luteum, which produces progesterone.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) converts the follicle to a corpus luteum, which produces

progesterone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Secretory (luteal) phase: Ovulation to approximately

3 days before menstrual cycle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Indications of ovulation: temp

A slight drop in temperature occurs 1 day prior to ovulation; a rise of 0.5° to 1° F in temperature occurs at ovulation.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cervical mucus is abundant, watery, clear, and more alkaline during

ovulation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Indications of ovulation: Cervical os

dilates slightly, softens, and rises in the vagina

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

egg-white stretchiness of cervical mucus) that is present during ovulation

Spinnbarkeit

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Indications of ovulation: ___ is seen under microscope

Ferning

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fertilization takes place in ampulla (outer third) section of the

fallopian tube

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The zygote (fertilized ovum) takes __ to _ days to enter the uterus.

3 to 4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It takes __ to __ days to complete the process of nida- tion (implantation).

7 to 10

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Zygote exists

12 to 14 days after fertilization

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Embryo exists

3 to 8 weeks after fertilization

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Embryo most vulnerable to

teratogens

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Embryo most vulnerable to teratogens which can cause

major congenital anomalies

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fetus exists from

9 weeks after fertilization to term (38+ weeks)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pregnancy length: counted from the

first day of last menstrual period (LMP)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pregnancy divided into three __ week trimesters:

Because some women experience __ ___ they don't know they're pregnant

implantation bleeding

Heart begins to pump blood.

8Weeks

Limb buds

8Weeks

8Weeks: Facial features are

discernible

8Weeks: Major divisions of brain are

discernible

Ears develop from skin folds.

8Weeks

Weight is 2 g.

8Weeks

Uterus changes from pear to globular shape.

8Weeks

softening of the isthmus of cervix

Hegar sign

softening of cervix

Goodell sign

Goodell sign and Hegar signs occur

8Weeks

Cervix flexes.

8Weeks

Leukorrhea increases.

8Weeks

bluing of vagina

Chadwick sign

Chadwick sign occur

8Weeks

Teach prevention of nausea: Suggest eating dry crackers before

getting out of bed in the morning

Teach prevention of nausea: avoid ___ foods; and avoid

fatty skipping meals

Teach safety: avoid ___ rooms

steam rooms

avoid hot tubs, saunas, and steam rooms through-out pregnancy (increases risk for __ __ defects in first trimester)

neural tube

Embryo becomes a fetus

12Weeks

Heart is discernible by ultrasound

12Weeks

Lower body develops

12Weeks

Sex is determinable

12Weeks

Kidneys produce urine

12Weeks

Fetus weighs 19 to 28 g

12Weeks

Uterus rises above pelvic brim

12Weeks

Braxton Hicks contractions are possible

12Weeks

Placenta is fully functioning and producing hormones

12Weeks

12Weeks: Teach prevention of

UTI

12Weeks: Teach prevention of UTI: fluids and voiding

3 L fluid | Void every 2 hour when awake

12Weeks: Teach prevention of UTI: void before and after

sex

Head still dominant, but face looks human and arm/leg ratio is proportionate

16Weeks

Scalp hair appears

16Weeks

Meconium in bowel, and anus open

16Weeks

Most bones and joint cavities seen on ultrasound

16Weeks

muscular movements detected

16Weeks

Heart muscle well developed, and blood formation active in spleen

16Weeks

Elastic fibers appear in lungs and terminal; respira- tory bronchioles appear

16Weeks

Kidneys in position

16Weeks

Cerebral lobes delineated, and cerebellum assumes some prominence

16Weeks

General sense organs differentiated

16Weeks

Testes in position for descent into scrotum or vagina open

16Weeks

Quickening, the mother’s first perception of fetal movement, may be noted between

weeks 16 and 20.

the mother’s first perception of fetal movement

Quickening

Colostrum, the creamy white to yellowish premilk, may be expressed from the nipples as early as

16 weeks

Approximate weight gain of _ lb per week begin- ning in the second trimester and continuing until delivery

Explain the screening test, and obtain blood sam- ple for maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) between

15 and 22 weeks of gestation

MSAFP: Elevated levels are associated with

open neural tube defects and multiple gestations

MSAFP: Low levels are associated with

Downs

MSAFP: Abnormal levels are followed by second-trimester

ultrasonography for more in-depth investigation

Vernix and Lanugo protects the body

20weeks

Eyebrows, eyelashes, and head hair develop

20weeks

Fetus sleeps, sucks, and kicks

20weeks

Fetus weighs 200 to 400 g (11 to 14 oz).

20weeks

Fundus reaches level of umbilicus

20weeks

Breasts begin secreting colostrum; areolae darken

20weeks

Amniotic sac holds approximately 400 mL of fluid

20weeks

Postural hypotension may occur.

20weeks

Varicose veins and leg cramps may develop

20weeks

Constipation may develop

20weeks

20weeks: Teach that use of support ___ may be | helpful

stockings (varicose veins)

Teach to ___ the foot to relieve leg cramps

dorsiflex (also elevate the feet)

Suggest applying ___ to muscles affected by cramps.

heat

Body fairly well proportioned; skin red and wrinkled; sweat glands forming

24Weeks

Blood formation increases in bone marrow and decreases in liver

24Weeks

at 24 weeks: Blood formation increases in __ __ and decreases in ___

bone marrow and decreases in liver

Alveolar ducts and sacs present, and lecithin begins | to appear in amniotic fluid

24Weeks

Neuronal proliferation in cerebral cortex ends

24Weeks

fetus is able to hear

24Weeks

Testes at inguinal ring in descent to scrotum

24Weeks

The diastolic BP begins to steadily rise

24Weeks

Fetus can breathe, swallow, and regulate temperature

28Weeks

Surfactant forms in lungs

28Weeks

fetus’s eyelids open

28Weeks

Fetus weighs 1100 g (2 lb)

28Weeks

Fundus is halfway between umbilicus and xiphoid process.

28Weeks

Maternal changes: Thoracic breathing replaces abdominal breathing

28Weeks

Hemorrhoids may develop

28Weeks

treatment of hemorrhoids: __ baths

sitz

treatment of hemorrhoids: __ __ agents

topical anesthetic agents

treatment of hemorrhoids: Suggest taking __ ___ as prescribed

stool softeners

28Weeks: Suggest that woman assume __ __ position when resting.

side-lying

Encourage woman to avoid __ __ after | meals

lying down

to avoid heartburn: ___ may be prescribed

antacids

Teach woman to avoid ___ ____

sodium bicarbonate

Brown fat deposits develop beneath skin to insulate baby following birth

32Weeks

Fetus is 15 to 17 inches in length

32Weeks

Fetus begins storing iron, calcium, and phosphorus

32Weeks

Fetus weighs 1800 to 2200 g (4 to 5 lb)

32Weeks

Fundus reaches xiphoid process

32Weeks

Breasts are full and tender.

32Weeks

Sleeping problems may develop

32Weeks

Dyspnea may develop

32Weeks

to decrease edema: elevate legs one or two times per day for approximately

1 hour

Fetus occupies entire uterus; activity is restricted.

36 to 40 Weeks

Maternal antibodies are transferred to fetus (provide immunity for approximately 6 months

36 to 40 Weeks

Fetus weighs 3200+ g

36 to 40 Weeks

Backaches increase

36 to 40 Weeks

Braxton Hicks contractions intensify (cervix and lower uterine segment prepare for labor)

36 to 40 Weeks

Encourage sleeping on ___ to relieve bladder pressure and urinating frequently

side