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aa Orgo > 409 Final 12 CA > Flashcards

409 Final 12 CA Flashcards

1
Q

Ductual carcinoma in situ means

A

non invasive Breast CA. It doesn’t mets at this stage

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2
Q

Lobular carcinoma in situ is

A

also a non invasive breast CA

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3
Q

breast CA: infiltrating ductal carcinoma is

A

invasive; it goes from the mammary ducts into the epithelial cells

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4
Q

breast CA: infiltrating ductal carcinoma: It grows

A

irregularly, a poorly defined mass

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5
Q

breast CA: Fibrosis occurs around the tumor, which causes

A

dimpling

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6
Q

The number 1 factor in breast CA is

A

age

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7
Q

Other breast CA factors include

A

nulliparity
and
first pregnancy after 30

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8
Q

breast CA: Options for high risk women; in addition to masectomy there is

A

ovary removal

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9
Q

Whats the point of studying lymph nodes

A

detect mets

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10
Q

dx: changes in calcium levels could mean

A

mets to bone

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11
Q

Before removing JP drain, give

A

pain meds

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12
Q

breast CA: after surgery exercise should be

A

light, nothing that stresses the incision site

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13
Q

reconstructed breast: MRI and mammography

A

aren’t recommended because if there’s a recurrence you can just palpate it

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14
Q

breast CA: rad therapy:

A

body fluids and items touched by the patient are not radioactive but you should still limi visitors

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15
Q

breast CA: hormone therapy: some decrease

A

all estrogen, so it can cause menopause.

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16
Q

breast CA: SERMs

A

are good because they’re specific in what they target

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17
Q

breast CA: recovering at home: dressings

A

you can change them if soiled

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18
Q

breast CA: recovering at home: a little bit of leaking around the drains

A

is ok

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19
Q

breast CA: recovering at home: empty the drain ___ a day

A

twice

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20
Q

breast CA: recovering at home: you can shower

A

after the drain is removed

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21
Q

breast CA: recovering at home: you can do more strenuous exercise

A

after the drain is removed

22
Q

breast CA: recovering at home: usually you won’t need pain meds after

A

4 to 5 days

23
Q

breast CA: recovering at home: numbness and tingling in the area

A

is normal

24
Q

breast CA: recovering at home: if you had a lymph node dissection

A

elevate that arm on a pillow for 30 min per day

25
Q

Colon CA: when you turn 40

A

you want to start taking to your provider about colon CA, but if you’re only at average risk, you only need the average screening which starts at 50

26
Q

Colon CA: The average screen includes colonoscopy

A

every 10 years starting at 50

27
Q

Colon CA: The average screen includes FOBT and

A

sigmoidoscopy every 5 years

28
Q

Colon CA: The average screen includes double barium enema

A

every 5 years

29
Q

Colon CA: H and H values

A

may be decreased if there’s bleeding

30
Q

Colon CA: before an FOBT don’t have red meat, __ or ___

A

vit C or NSAIDs

31
Q

Colon CA: the first choice tx is

A

surgery

32
Q

Colon CA: patients who have minimally invasive surgery will not need

A

an NGT

33
Q

Colon CA: empty colostomy bag

A

when it’s around 1/3 or 1/2 full

34
Q

Lung CA: tends to have a poor prognosis and a lot of times its just about

A

palliative care

35
Q

Lung CA: the main categories are

A

small cell and non small cell

36
Q

Lung CA: non small cell includes squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, large cell. They’re grouped together because

A

they have similar tx

37
Q

Lung CA: can be complicated by paraneoplastic syndromes, which are ___ issues

A

hormonal

38
Q

Lung CA: Warning signs can be anything that indicates hypoxia, like

A

finger clubbing

39
Q

Lung CA: secondary screening: a good method for at risk people is

A

annual CT scan

40
Q

Lung CA: hemoptysis is a __ finding

A

later

41
Q

Lung CA: sputum: you may or may not have cancer cells present. the best chance to find them is

A

checking in the morning

42
Q

Lung CA: lesions are most commonly identified on a ___, then confirmed with

A

x ray, then CT scan

43
Q

Lung CA: cure is unlikely at stage

A

3 and 4

44
Q

Lung CA: usually the first choice tx is

A

chemo

45
Q

Lung CA: oral care is important, don’t

A

use floss

46
Q

chest tube: the water seal chamber will have bubbling when

A

the patient exhales

47
Q

chest tube: if the bubbling stops it could mean

A

air from the pleural space has been removed (a good thing) or it could mean the tube is kinked

48
Q

chest tube: too much bubbling could mean

A

air leak

49
Q

chest tube: if tidaling stops

A

it could mean the lung re expanded, or could be the tube is kinked

50
Q

chest tube: notify provider if collections are more than

A

100 ml per hour

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