Med surg test 2 part 5

Question 1

FVD, position

Answer 1

supine, legs elevated

Question 2

What type of injury does this describe, Skin intact, blood in tissue

Answer 2

Contusion

Question 3

What type of injury does this describe, Acceleration

deceleration

Answer 3

Strain

Question 4

What type of injury does this describe, Stretch or tear of lig “pop”

Answer 4

sprain

Question 5

What type of injury does this describe, Swelling, bruising, pain, decreased rom

Answer 5

Contusion

Question 6

What type of injury does this describe, Whiplash-pain, muscle spasm, limited rom, swelling

Answer 6

Strain

Question 7

What type of injury does this describe, Decreased rom, swelling, pain, discoloration

Answer 7

sprain

Question 8

RICE

Answer 8

Trauma care:
Rest
Immobilize 
Compression (decrease edema and pain with ice)
Elevate

Question 9

For trauma tx, elevate __ degrees

Answer 9

20 or 30

Question 10

Which side does the cane go on?

Answer 10

stronger side

Question 11

If the fracture is ___ the skin is intact over the site of injury.

Answer 11

closed

Question 12

Closed aka ___ fractures the bone is broken but the skin is not.

Answer 12

simple

Question 13

Open or compound fractures the skin may be pierced by the bone or broken by

Answer 13

the blow that caused the fracture

Question 14

In a ___ fractures, the fracture is at right angle to the long axis of the bone.

Answer 14

transverse

Question 15

A Greenstick fracture is a fracture

Answer 15

on one side of the bone causing a bend on the other side

Question 16

Comminuted fractures have

Answer 16

three or more bone fragments that maybe splintered or crushed.

Question 17

__ fractures occur at approximately a 45 degrees angle across the long axis of the bone.

Answer 17

Oblique

Question 18

Oblique fractures

Answer 18

occur at approximately a 45 degrees angle across the long axis of the bone.

Question 19

A ___ fracture is a fracture on one side of the bone causing a bend on the other side.

Answer 19

Greenstick

Question 20

___ fractures have three or more bone fragments that maybe splintered or crushed.

Answer 20

Comminuted

Question 21

___ fractures result from a twisting force and forms a spiral encircling the bone.

Answer 21

Spiral

Question 22

Spiral fractures result from a

Answer 22

twisting force and forms a spiral encircling the bone.

Question 23

What is the best indicator of overall vitamin D status?

Answer 23

The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level

Question 24

something that can cause very low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is, use of ____ medications

Answer 24

antiseizure medications (e.g., phenobarbital or phenytoin)

Question 25

something that can cause very low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is, long-term use of

Answer 25

glucocorticoids

Question 26

subluxation

Answer 26

partial dislocation

Question 27

Bone healing stage 1

Answer 27

Hematoma or Inflammatory stage

Question 28

Bone healing stage 2

Answer 28

Fibrocartilage

Question 29

Bone healing stage 3

Answer 29

Callus

Question 30

Bone healing stage 4

Answer 30

Ossification

Question 31

Bone healing stage 5

Answer 31

Consolidation and remodeling

Question 32

Most important stage in bone healing

Answer 32

Callus

Question 33

WHEN is the most important stage in bone healing

Answer 33

2 – 6 weeks

Question 34

__ aka bone setting is done by manipulating fracture to restore alignment

Answer 34

Reduction

Question 35

Reduction alleviates

Answer 35

compression or stretching of nerves and blood vessels

Question 36

In ___ reduction, an incision is made and bone is aligned under direct visualization of fractured area

Answer 36

open

Question 37

Open reduction is the treatment of choice for compound fractures that are ___ and/or that have severe neurovascular injury

Answer 37

comminuted neurovascular

Question 38

Casts are used for promotion of healing by

Answer 38

allowing early weight bearing for ambulation

Question 39

in an arm or leg cylinder cast, the hand

Answer 39

is free to rotate around

Question 40

Assessment of the Cast, hot spot may indicate

Answer 40

tissue necrosis or infection under cast

Question 41

Assessment of the Cast, wet spot may indicate

Answer 41

drainage under the cast or a need for additional drying

Question 42

Assessment of the Cast, stains may indicate

Answer 42

wound drainage or bleeding and should be measured and documented

Question 43

Assessment of the Cast, Be aware of pressure points that may lead to ___ complications

Answer 43

circulatory

Question 44

Assessment of the Cast, for the first 1 or 2 days the extremity needs to be

Answer 44

elevated

Question 45

Cast: Support foot with ankle in __ degree flexion to prevent foot drop in a cylinder casted leg.

Answer 45

90

Question 46

Cast Syndrome, ___ feeling

Answer 46

bloated

Question 47

Cast Syndrome, prolonged ___ and repeated ___

Answer 47

nausea | vomiting

Question 48

Cast Syndrome, abdominal ____, vague abdominal pain

Answer 48

distention

Question 49

Cast Syndrome, respiratory finding

Answer 49

Shortness of breath

Question 50

Cast Syndrome, only occurs with one type of cast

Answer 50

body spica

Question 51

The fatal complication of cast syndrome is

Answer 51

bowel obstruction

Question 52

Internal fixation provides essential immobilization and helps prevent __

Answer 52

deformities

Question 53

The application of a pulling force to an injured body part or extremity while a countertraction pulls in the opposite direction

Answer 53

traction

Question 54

Traction purpose

Answer 54

Reduce, align and promote healing of fractured bone

Question 55

Traction can be used to decrease __ __ that may accompany fracture or surgical reduction.

Answer 55

muscle spasms

Question 56

Traction can be used to prevent ___ ___ __

Answer 56

soft tissue damage

Question 57

Traction can prevent or treat ___

Answer 57

deformities

Question 58

Traction allows an inflamed, diseased or painful joint to be ___

Answer 58

rested

Question 59

Traction can reduce and treat dislocations and ___

Answer 59

subluxations

Question 60

traction can prevent the development of c____

Answer 60

contractures

Question 61

traction can reduce muscle spasms associated with low back pain or cervical ___

Answer 61

whiplash

Question 62

traction can be used to expand a joint space during arthroscopy or before ___ __ __

Answer 62

major joint replacement

Question 63

___ ___ is a skin traction used for severe sprains or strains in cervical trauma

Answer 63

Chin Halter

Question 64

___ traction applied to the skin and used for hip and knee contractures, preop immobilization or muscle spasms from hip fractures.

Answer 64

Buck’s

Question 65

___ ___ is used for femur fractures, hip and knee contractures or post op positioning and immobilization.

Answer 65

Balanced suspension

Question 66

Is Balanced suspension skin or skeletal?

Answer 66

skeletal

Question 67

Prevention of hip fracture in the elderly: Assure adequate intake of ___ and ___

Answer 67

calcium and vitamin D

Question 68

Complications of Fractures: s___

Answer 68

shock

Question 69

Complications of Fractures: __ ____ syndrome

Answer 69

Fat embolism syndrome

Question 70

Complications of Fractures: _._._.

Answer 70

VTE

Question 71

Complications of Fractures: i___

Answer 71

Infection

Question 72

Complications of Fractures: i___ n__

Answer 72

ischemic necrosis

Question 73

Complications of Fractures: inadequate ___

Answer 73

nutrition

Question 74

Neurovascular checks should be performed every ___ minutes for the first four hours after the cast is applied

Answer 74

30

Question 75

Cast assessment, Color should be the same in the unaffected extremity. But

Answer 75

Some paleness may be normal.

Question 76

Cast assessment, temperature should be

Answer 76

the same in each extremity

Question 77

Cast assessment, no ___ should be present

Answer 77

edema

Question 78

Cast assessment, some pain is normal but uncontrolled pain may signal ___ syndrome and should be reported immediately

Answer 78

compartment

Question 79

the 3 most important complications of casts

Answer 79

compartment syndrome cast syndrome infection

Question 80

Compartment syndrome: pulses

Answer 80

Diminished or absent

Question 81

Compartment syndrome: cap refill

Answer 81

slowed

Question 82

Compartment syndrome: skin findings

Answer 82

Skin pallor, blanching, cyanosis or coolness

Question 83

Compartment syndrome: the 6 __

Answer 83

P's !!!!!!!!!!!!

Question 84

Fat emboli manifestations: n____ dysfunction

Answer 84

neurological dysfunction

Question 85

Fat emboli manifestations: p___ compromise

Answer 85

pulmonary

Question 86

Fat emboli manifestations: ___ rash on chest and axilla

Answer 86

peticheal

Question 87

Compartment Syndrome is a condition of compromised ___ due to pressure that is progressively increased in a confined space.

Answer 87

circulation

Question 88

Anything that reduces the compartment size can lead to ___ syndrome

Answer 88

compartment syndrome

Question 89

Sudden unexplained ___ and ___ pain are the clinical manifestations of PE

Answer 89

dyspnea and chest pain = PE

Question 90

Complications of amputations: i____

Answer 90

infection

Question 91

Complications of amputations: Decreased

Answer 91

perfusion

Question 92

Complications of amputations: Delayed

Answer 92

healing

Question 93

Complications of amputations: has to do with contracture

Answer 93

Joint contracture above the amputation

Question 94

Complications of amputations: hip contracture can be caused by

Answer 94

prolonged sitting

Question 95

How do you position the stump after surgery

Answer 95

elevated

Question 96

Osteoporosis Tx: __ __ exercise

Answer 96

weight bearing exercise

Question 97

Osteoporosis Tx: 3 supplements

Answer 97

calcium vit d, bisphosphonates, vit c

Question 98

Primary Problems in Metabolic Bone Disease: Nis

Answer 98

Nutritional status Injury Strength