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409 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Most common form of dementia among persons aged 65 and older

A

AD

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2
Q

similar to Alzheimer’s disease but may progress more rapidly

A

Lewy body dementia

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3
Q

Clinical situations associated with AD include elevated

A

homocystein

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4
Q

AD: Presence of __-___ plaques

A

beta-amyloid

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5
Q

Neurotransmitter that’s decreased in AD patients

A

Ach

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6
Q

Apraxia

A

difficulty in motor activities

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7
Q

AD: MID

A

Multi-infarct dementia

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8
Q

Lewy body dementia can have signs similar to

A

parkinsons

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9
Q

Lewy body dementia: first symptom could be

A

visual hallucination

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10
Q

AD tx: Medications that retain

A

acetylcholine in the brain

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11
Q

AD medication does not

A

prevent the progression of the disease

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12
Q

AD: Exelon Patch: 2 things you should know

A

you need a lower dose if patient has liver disease or if patient weighs less than 100 lbs

change site of the patch daily

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13
Q

AD: treating free radicals

A

use vitamin E and selegine. This slows the rate of AD

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14
Q

AD: Ginko biloba

A

could possibly slow AD, but research is mixed

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15
Q

AD: Urge Incontinence

A

sudden urge to urinate

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16
Q

AD: a strategy to deal with Urge Incontinence

A

no fluids after dinner

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17
Q

MS: death usually occurs because of

A

infection

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18
Q

Relapsing-Remitting MS

A

there are acute attacks and No progression during remission time

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19
Q

Secondary-Progressive MS

A

it’s like “Relapsing-Remitting MS” except you also have progression

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20
Q

MS: High-dose _____, have not been clearly shown to improve disease outcomes

A

corticosteroids

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21
Q

The goals of (Disease Modifying Treatment) DMT

A

reduce inflammation and relapse rates
prolong remission
limit the onset of new lesions

22
Q

How long does it take for some of the MS meds to take effect

A

1 to 3 months

23
Q

2 common MS drugs

A

Glatiramer acetate

B- interferon

24
Q

MS and pregnancy

A
  • they should receive counseling if they want to become pregnant
  • breast feeding can cause relapse
25
Q

Parkinsons may involve only

A

one side of the body

26
Q

Parkinson Tremor: 3 things

A

often the first sign, prominent at rest, and

aggravated by emotional stress

27
Q

Common cause of akinesia (freezing)

A

Levodopa overdose

28
Q

Parkinson dx is made only when

A

at least two of the three characteristic signs of the classic triad are present

29
Q

parkinson triad

A

tremor, rigid, Bradykinesia

30
Q

Ultimate confirmation of PD is

A

a positive response to anitparkinsonian drugs

31
Q

2 things to know about using Neuopro

A

Can be used in early or late disease,

Can be add on with levodopa-carbidopa

32
Q

Most common surgical tx for parkinsons is

A

DBS (only used when drugs don’t work)

33
Q

Vision loss

A

MS

34
Q

Bowel and bladder dysfunction

A

MS

35
Q

GBS pain

A

worse at night

Pain may interfere with eating and sleeping

36
Q

GBS and CSF

A

CSF becomes elevated after a week or so

37
Q

Plasmapheresis

A

used for GBS to remove the plasma and take the antibodies along with it

38
Q

Corticosteroids and GBS

A

they don’t really do anything

39
Q

For mild dysphagia, patient may be able to eat in

A

an upright position with head flexed

40
Q

For patients who experience paralytic ileus or intestinal obstruction,

A

parenteral feeding is required

41
Q

If having feeding difficulty, the client’s weight, calorie counts, serum ____ must be evaluated at regular intervals

A

albumin

42
Q

main goal of Antimyasthenic Medications

A

relieve muscle weakness

43
Q

Edrophonium (Enlon) test

A

you inject the meds and if it improves symptoms then they have MG

44
Q

MG: In cholinergic crisis, after injection of Enlon

A

muscle tone does not improve

45
Q

Antiparkinsonian Medications (specifically Dopaminergic) : instruct client to avoid

A

excessive vitamin B6

46
Q

Anticholinergic medications effects

A

Reduce tremors and drooling but have little effect on balance abnormalities, rigidity

47
Q

Anticholinergic medications: instruct pt to have routine

A

eye exams

48
Q

Anticholinergic medications: don’t mix with what other med

A

aspirin

49
Q

Anticonvulsant Medications: instruct pt to have routine

A

dental check ups

50
Q

Nimodipine

A

used in hemorrhagic stroke

51
Q

The therapeutic serum drug level range for phenytoin (Dilantin) is

A

10 to 20

52
Q

phenytoin (Dilantin) is for

A

seizure control

aa Orgo (196 decks)

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