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405 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Gestational dm is associated with 3 ___ of pregnancy

A

hormones

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2
Q

Gestational dm is associated with pregnancy hormones which cause ____ ____

A

insulin resistance

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3
Q

How does the fetus’ insulin and mother’s insulin work together?

A

The fetus has its own insulin

Mother’s insulin doesn’t cross the placenta

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4
Q

in gestational dm, the glucose levels return to normal after

A

delivery

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5
Q

in gestational dm, the baby will be ___glycemic after birth

A

hypo

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6
Q

Dx of gestational dm: fasting blood sugar of

A

greater than 126

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7
Q

Dx of gestational dm: Glucose Tolerance Test - GTT

A

above 200 after 2hrs

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8
Q

Dx of gestational dm: You need an ultrasound to determine

A

heart rate, activity level, and the size of the fetus (is it appropriate for gestational age?)

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9
Q

Dx of gestational dm: you need an Amniocentesis to

A

check level of surfactant for lung maturity

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10
Q

What’s a good food group for gestational dm

A

complex carbs

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11
Q

What’s a good meal plan for gestational dm

A

3 meals and 3 snacks

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12
Q

With dm, there are diet restrictions but you still need to

A

have enough calories to support the fetus

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13
Q

Gestational dm: exercise to maintain the weight gain at

A

2 pounds a week

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14
Q

Bethmethasone is a steroid for

A

increasing fetal lung development- surfactant production

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15
Q

when is Bethmethasone given

A

during pregnancy

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16
Q

Gestational dm: treat the Newborn with

A

PO or IV glucose

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17
Q

Hyperglycemia causes: i___ or i____

A

illness or injury

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18
Q

Hyperglycemia causes: s____

A

stress

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19
Q

Hyperglycemia causes: __ too low or ___ too low

A

insulin or activity

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20
Q

Hyperglycemia causes: too much ___ in the diet

A

carbs

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21
Q

the ph of someone with Hyperglycemia will be

A

acidosis

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22
Q

when someone has Hyperglycemia you treat it by giving insulin and

A

correcting f/e problems

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23
Q

Hyperglycemia: length of time for the onset

A

gradual

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24
Q

Hyperglycemia: activity level will be

A

slow

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25
Q

Hyperglycemia: skin will be

A

Flushed, dry

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26
Q

Hyperglycemia: which sense is affected

A

vision (blurred)

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27
Q

Hyperglycemia: breathing pattern

A

deep and rapid

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28
Q

Hyperglycemia: what are the really serious complications

A

shock and coma

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29
Q

HypOglycemia: length of time for the onset

A

rapid

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30
Q

HypOglycemia: treatment:

A

Give 20g carbohydrate check glucose and repeat if below 65-70 mg /dL

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31
Q

HypOglycemia: treatment: Give __ g carbohydrate

A

20

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32
Q

HypOglycemia: treatment: Give 20g carbohydrate check glucose and repeat if below

A

65-70 mg /dL

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33
Q

HypOglycemia: HR will be

A

increased

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34
Q

HypOglycemia: breathing pattern

A

shallow

35
Q

HypOglycemia: skin

A

pale and sweaty

36
Q

Death and Grief: Anticipate the siblings will

A

act out, have sleep problems, act differently

37
Q

Toddlers believe that death is

A

temporary

38
Q

Death and Grief: With toddlers, watch out for

A

regression of development

39
Q

Death and Grief: Preschoolers view death as temporary and ___, but not ___

A

temporary and selective (only for bad people), but not universal

40
Q

Death and Grief: Magical thinking refers to what age group

A

preschooler

41
Q

Death and Grief: With preschoolers, the 2 most important things you can do is

A

help the child understand its not their fault and keep routines

42
Q

Death and Grief: school-age kid’s routine

A

allow time to grieve and let them return to the school routine gradually

43
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia

A

A decrease in the number of red blood cells, caused by a lack of iron

44
Q

A decrease in the number of red blood cells, caused by a lack of iron

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

45
Q

the most common form of anemia

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

46
Q

Iron is an essential part of ____, the oxygen-carrying protein in blood

A

hemoglobin

47
Q

Iron comes from the diet and by

A

recycling iron from old red blood cells

48
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia can be caused by poor Absorption rate because of drinking __ __ and ___ birth

A

cow’s milk and premature birth

49
Q

one of the strange symptoms of Iron Deficiency Anemia

A

pica

50
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia: the patient’s nails will be

A

brittle

51
Q

hypochromic

A

RBCs are pale

52
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia: RBCs will be ___ and ___

A

low and pale

53
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia: hemoglobin will be

A

low

54
Q

Hemoglobin Concentration for children

A

Some between 11 and 17

It’s highest as a newborn

55
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia: most common age of onset in children

A

9 to 12 months (weaning from breast & eating semi-solid foods)

56
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia: when do you screen children

A

9 to 12 months (weaning from breast & eating semi-solid foods)

57
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia: Dietary assessment: what should you watch out for in babies

A

picky eaters, drinks mostly whole milk after 12 mos

58
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia: Dietary assessment: what should you watch out for in toddlers

A

engage in Pica

59
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia: Dietary assessment: what should you watch out for in adolescents

A

rapid growth period. Poor diet. Menstruation in females

60
Q

Iron supplements: patient teaching

A

it can stain the teeth
take on an empty stomach
take with Vit C

61
Q

Sickle cell: genetics

A

it’s recessive

62
Q

One cause of sickling: decreased

A

PO2

63
Q

One cause of sickling: Increased hydrogen ___ _____

A

ion concentration (acidemia)

64
Q

One cause of sickling: Increased plasma

A

osmolarity/decreased plasma volume (dehydration)

65
Q

One cause of sickling: Low

A

temperature

66
Q

Splenic Sequestion

A

Sickle cells become trapped and destroyed in the spleen causing Shortage of red blood cells or anemia

67
Q

Sickle cell: RBC life span decrease from 120 days to

A

10-20 days

68
Q

A sickle cell sign that results from elevation of indirect bilirubin because of increased destruction of red blood cells.

A

Jaundice

69
Q

Sickle cell complication: __ ulcers

A

leg ulcers

70
Q

Sickle cell patients should avoid ___ weather

A

cold weather

71
Q

The peak risk of stroke for sickle patients is what ages

A

2 to 9 y/o

72
Q

Acute chest syndrome may be treated with abx and

A

blood transfusion

73
Q

one of the first complications in sickle cell syndromes with the highest incidence between ages six months and two years

A

Sickle dactylitis

74
Q

Sickle dactylitis

A

sickle red cells cause painful swelling of the hands and feet

75
Q

Sickle dactylitis is treated with

A

fluids and pain medication. It usually will go away in a few days without any problems.

76
Q

Bone pain in sickle cell is treated with

A

NSAIDS and PT

77
Q

Treatment for Splenic Sequestion: ___ ___ as necessary

A

Blood transfusion

78
Q

Treatment for Splenic Sequestion: ____ after 2 years of age

A

splenectomy

79
Q

Routine care of sickle patient: prophylactic

A

penicillin (reduces strep by 80%)

80
Q

4 vaccines of sickle cell patients (routine care)

A

Flu Vaccine; Pneumovax
Hepatitis A
Meningococcal

81
Q

Routine care of sickle patients: 3 broad things

A

preventative screening
hydration
balance rest and exercise

82
Q

antineoplastic drug used to treat sickle cell

A

Hydroxyurea

83
Q

Hydroxyurea treats sickle cell anemia by

A

changing red blood cells so that they are less likely to bend in an abnormal shape

84
Q

Hydroxyurea dosing regimen

A

1 daily PO

aa Orgo (196 decks)

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