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4093 5 Flashcards

1
Q

After a pulmonary contusion, respiratory failure develops

A

overtime instead of immediately

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2
Q

Rib Fracture: There’s a risk that the rib could

A

puncture the lung

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3
Q

An injury to the 1st or 2nd rib

A

is esp bad

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4
Q

Management of uncomplicated rib fracture

A

you don’t have to do anything, it heals on its own.

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5
Q

flail chest: Chest movement is

A

opposite of what it should be (relative to breathing)

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6
Q

flail chest has a high ___ rate

A

morbidity

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7
Q

2 common causes of flail chest

A

car crash

CPR

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8
Q

flail chest: encourage pt to

A

DB and C

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9
Q

flail chest: give ___ O2

A

humidified O2

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10
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air getting into the pleural space

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11
Q

Pneumothorax may or may not occur with some degree of

A

hemothorax

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12
Q

An open Pneumothorax is when there’s a wound starting from

A

the outside of the body, exposing the pleural space

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13
Q

A closed Pneumothorax example is

A

a person with COPD has a spontaneous tear

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14
Q

Pneumothorax: percussion would show

A

hyperresonance

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15
Q

In a closed Pneumothorax there is no where for the pressure to go so

A

it builds up an pushes the trachea in the other direction

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16
Q

Tension Pneumothorax involves

A

the lung collapsing

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17
Q

Tension Pneumothorax: When the pt breathes in, air gets in the the pleural space but

A

doesn’t get back out when they exhale

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18
Q

Tension Pneumothorax: pressure builds up in the pleural space and compresses

A

blood vessels, decreasing blood flow and therefore decreases CO.

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19
Q

Pneumothorax that’s an emergency

A

Tension

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20
Q

Under normal conditions, the U wave

A

may or may not be present

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21
Q

On the ECG, 1 second is represented by

A

5 big blocks

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22
Q

The T wave represents

A

vent repolarization

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23
Q

If the U wave is present it follows

A

the T wave

24
Q

Sinus Arrhythmia means

A

HR goes up and down a little during breathing. Doesn’t necessarily mean there’s a problem

25
Q

Sinus Arrhythmia looks like

A

NSR except its irregular in rhythm

26
Q

Dysryhthmia

A

any disorder of the heart beat

27
Q

Tachycardia is a problem because

A

it doesn’t allow enough time for the heart to fill; this means you have decreased CO and decreased perfusion to the heart

28
Q

Bradycardia can be tolerated if

A

BP is maintained, but if not then you don’t have enough CO

29
Q

Ectopic focus

A

means the signals are firing from somewhere other than the SA

30
Q

Dysrthmias are classified based on

A

where the start

31
Q

Sinus Tach

A

Increased HR starting in the SA

32
Q

Sinus Tach: at first…

A

CO is increased, but when it gets TOO fast there’s not enough time for perfusion to the head

33
Q

Sinus Bradycardia

A

decreased HR starting in the SA

34
Q

Sinus Bradycardia is good in a way because

A

you have decreased O2 demand from the heart

35
Q

3 types of atrial dysrhythmia

A

Premature atrial complexes
Supraventricular tachy
A Fib

36
Q

Premature atrial complexes

A

the atria get irritated and fire too early

37
Q

Premature atrial complexes: you might not even see

A

the P wave because it was so early that it’s covered by the previous T wave

38
Q

Premature atrial complexes treatment

A

Doesn’t need tx as long as it doesn’t develop into something worse

39
Q

Supraventricular Tachy

A

As with Premature Atrial Complexes, the P wave may not be visible

HR could be 100 to 280

40
Q

A Fib

A

Its very common and its caused by fibrosis/muscle loss

41
Q

A Fib: as it gets worse, it can affect

A

CO, and has risk for thrombosis because the blood is pooling there

42
Q

Several different places in the atria are firing really quickly and disorganized

A

A fib

43
Q

A fib: Looks like there’s no P wave, no atrial contraction, and has irregular

A

ventricular contractions

44
Q

A fib: instead of contracting, the atria

A

just quiver

45
Q

Premature looks like

A

there’s really big QRS at random times

46
Q

V tach

A

fast irritable firing from the ventricle

47
Q

V tach is ominous because

A

its a preceeding event to V fib

48
Q

V fib

A

ventricles aren’t contracting, just quiver

49
Q

Tamponade: one sign is ___ but with

A

JVD but with clear lung sounds

50
Q

Tamponade: p___ ___

A

parodoxic pulse

51
Q

Tamponade: sounds

A

heart sounds are muffled (because of the fluid)

52
Q

Tamponade: BP

A

hypotension (because CO is decreased)

53
Q

Tamponade: prepare to confirm dx using

A

x ray

54
Q

Tamponade: causes SUDDEN

A

decrease in CO

55
Q

Tamponade: while waiting for dx tests, they may give the pt

A

fluids (to treat hypotension)

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