409 Final 11 HIV Flashcards
Early in the infection, the immune system
fights off the virus, but over time it gets overwhelmed
Day 1 - infection after about 4 weeks,
most people get an acute illness. The feel really lousy, fever, sore throat, swollen glands. After a little while this goes away because the body fights back
After the initial sickness, the body fights back. Eventually
the body starts to lost this fight. The CD4 cells slowly decline.
Day 1 - infection after about 4 weeks, most people get an acute illness. The feel really lousy, fever, sore throat, swollen glands. After a little while this goes away because the body fights back
After a little while this goes away because the body fights back
Stage 1 CD4 count
more than 500
Stage 2 CD4 count
between 200 and 500
Stage 3 CD4 count
less than 200 or an AIDS illness
Stage 4
you know they’re infected but you don’t have specific data
The way that you were infected can affect
how long it takes for it to progress to AIDS
Women are more susceptible than men because
they have more surface area of membrane
There is a ___ chance of vertical transmission
25%
There is a ___ chance of vertical transmission if they use drug therapy
8%
If a healthcare worker is truck with a needle but the patient is HIV negative,
PEP is not recommended
What kinds of AIDS illnesses are a problem for HC staff
non opportunistic; the opportunistic ones are not a danger
PCP is the most common opportunistic infection, watch out for ___ signs
respiratory signs
With toxoplas watch for ___ signs
neuro
With crypto watch for ___ signs
GI
With candidiasis, they might have
perineal itch or may report strange tastes depending on the site of the infection
Someone could have TB but if they are really immunocompromised they could test negative. This is called
anergy
Endocrine changes can affect
testosterone, menses, fat distribution (which is why they have buffalo hump)
Antibody Testing: tests the
body’s response to the virus. The body will respond anywhere from 3 weeks to 3 months
Antibody Testing: You can have a false negative if:
you test during the window period, you have CA, you are immunosuppressed in any way
ELISA, good qualities
its cheap and accurate
Oral test
fluid from the mouth (not saliva) is drawn up and tested on the strip. Its as accurate as the blood test, but s positive result requires blood test confirmation
Combining multiple antiretrovirals is called
HAART
2 benefits of HAART
decrease viral load
increase CD4
To prevent infection: their room should be
private
To prevent infection: wash your hands before touching them or
their stuff
To prevent infection: avoid
indwelling catheters
the patient should eat foods high in
protein and calories
Diarrhea
sometimes it can help to eat smaller amounts of food spread out over the day. Also drink lots of fluids between meals
KS often responds to
HAART
Covering KS lesions
if the lesions are not open, the patient may be allowed to cover them with make up
