409 Final 11 HIV

Question 1

Early in the infection, the immune system

Answer 1

fights off the virus, but over time it gets overwhelmed

Question 2

Day 1 - infection after about 4 weeks,

Answer 2

most people get an acute illness. The feel really lousy, fever, sore throat, swollen glands. After a little while this goes away because the body fights back

Question 3

After the initial sickness, the body fights back. Eventually

Answer 3

the body starts to lost this fight. The CD4 cells slowly decline.

Question 4

Day 1 - infection after about 4 weeks, most people get an acute illness. The feel really lousy, fever, sore throat, swollen glands. After a little while this goes away because the body fights back

Answer 4

After a little while this goes away because the body fights back

Question 5

Stage 1 CD4 count

Answer 5

more than 500

Question 6

Stage 2 CD4 count

Answer 6

between 200 and 500

Question 7

Stage 3 CD4 count

Answer 7

less than 200 or an AIDS illness

Question 8

Stage 4

Answer 8

you know they’re infected but you don’t have specific data

Question 9

The way that you were infected can affect

Answer 9

how long it takes for it to progress to AIDS

Question 10

Women are more susceptible than men because

Answer 10

they have more surface area of membrane

Question 11

There is a ___ chance of vertical transmission

Answer 11

25%

Question 12

There is a ___ chance of vertical transmission if they use drug therapy

Answer 12

8%

Question 13

If a healthcare worker is truck with a needle but the patient is HIV negative,

Answer 13

PEP is not recommended

Question 14

What kinds of AIDS illnesses are a problem for HC staff

Answer 14

non opportunistic; the opportunistic ones are not a danger

Question 15

PCP is the most common opportunistic infection, watch out for ___ signs

Answer 15

respiratory signs

Question 16

With toxoplas watch for ___ signs

Answer 16

neuro

Question 17

With crypto watch for ___ signs

Answer 17

GI

Question 18

With candidiasis, they might have

Answer 18

perineal itch or may report strange tastes depending on the site of the infection

Question 19

Someone could have TB but if they are really immunocompromised they could test negative. This is called

Answer 19

anergy

Question 20

Endocrine changes can affect

Answer 20

testosterone, menses, fat distribution (which is why they have buffalo hump)

Question 21

Antibody Testing: tests the

Answer 21

body’s response to the virus. The body will respond anywhere from 3 weeks to 3 months

Question 22

Antibody Testing: You can have a false negative if:

Answer 22

you test during the window period, you have CA, you are immunosuppressed in any way

Question 23

ELISA, good qualities

Answer 23

its cheap and accurate

Question 24

Oral test

Answer 24

fluid from the mouth (not saliva) is drawn up and tested on the strip. Its as accurate as the blood test, but s positive result requires blood test confirmation

Question 25

Combining multiple antiretrovirals is called

Answer 25

HAART

Question 26

2 benefits of HAART

Answer 26

decrease viral load

increase CD4

Question 27

To prevent infection: their room should be

Answer 27

private

Question 28

To prevent infection: wash your hands before touching them or

Answer 28

their stuff

Question 29

To prevent infection: avoid

Answer 29

indwelling catheters

Question 30

the patient should eat foods high in

Answer 30

protein and calories

Question 31

Diarrhea

Answer 31

sometimes it can help to eat smaller amounts of food spread out over the day. Also drink lots of fluids between meals

Question 32

KS often responds to

Answer 32

HAART

Question 33

Covering KS lesions

Answer 33

if the lesions are not open, the patient may be allowed to cover them with make up