Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

aa Orgo > Medsurg 3 part 8 > Flashcards

Medsurg 3 part 8 Flashcards

1
Q

central line dressing change: pt may need to wear

A

a mask (if he’s unable to turn his head away during the change)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

central line dressing change: before you remove the old dressing, put on your mask and use __ gloves

A

non-sterile (non sterile is when removing the dressing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

central line dressing change: when do you set up the sterile field

A

after you removed the dressing and thrown out your soiled gloves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

central line dressing change: after you clean the site with clorhexidine/alcohol, let it dry but don’t

A

fan it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

central line dressing change: after you let the alcohol dry, apply a

A

transparent dressing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SLE patients on steroid therapy should limit how much ___ they eat

A

limit how much salt they eat because steroids cause fluid retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

steroids: monitor for 3 complications

A

fluid retention
HTN
kidney problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

steroids: caution about the tx schedule

A

don’t stop taking abruptly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

RA medication that’s only given short term

A

steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

instructions for taking steroids

A

take with food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

___ disease is the only condition that increases serum creatinine level

A

kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 things that you test for in the urine because they’re not normally present

A

Glucose, ketone bodies, and protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

kidney dx test: Allows for visualization of structures and to detection of renal calculi, strictures, calcium deposits, or obstructions

A

x ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CT scan complication

A

dye can cause kidney damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

kidney dx test: Used to assess size of kidney, image the ureters, bladder, masses, cysts, calculi, and obstructions of the lower urinary tract

A

ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

kidney biopsy: must be NPO for

A

4 to 6 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which hepatitis’ make kidney transplant contraindicated

A

B and C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

an immunosuppressant medication to prevent rejection of the donor kidney.

A

Cyclosporine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

kidney transplant: within 24 hours of the surgery the client is usually

A

dialyzed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

post kidney transplant intervention: lifelong

A

immunosuppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

oliguria is evidenced by urine output of 100 to ___ mL in 24 hr.

A

400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

azotemia

A

high BUN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Renal artery ___ is due to scarring of surgical anastomosis.

A

stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Monitor for and report hypertension, bruit over artery anastomosis site, and decreased kidney function, such as oliguria and elevated BUN and creatinine.

A

Renal artery stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the most common cause of first-kidney-transplant-year morbidity and mortality.

A

Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Glomerulonephritis usually follows a ___ infection

A

streptococcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Insoluble immune complexes develop and become trapped in the glomerular tissue producing swelling and capillary cell death

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Acute glomerulonephritis: Insoluble ___ ___ develop and become trapped in the glomerular tissue

A

immune complexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Glomerulonephritis: Consume a diet low in ___ and restrict ___ intake

A

sodium

fluid intake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Glomerulonephritis urine appearence

A

Smoky or coffee-colored urine (hematuria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Glomerulonephritis urine lab finding

A

protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Fluid volume excess: you might hear crackles or ___

A

rales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Normal BUN range

A

10 to 20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Normal creatinine range

A

.5 to 1.2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

normal urine output level

A

90 ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Glomerulonephritis: Observe the client’s skin for ____.

A

pruritus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Glomerulonephritis: exercise

A

none. put on bedrest to decrease metabolic demand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

4 Glomerulonephritis drugs

A

diuretic (to reduce edema)
vasodilator (to reduce BP)
abx (for infection)
steroids (immunosupress)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Glomerulonephritis: procedure that filters antibodies out of circulating blood volume by removing the plasma

A

Plasmapheresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Glomerulonephritis: Plasmapheresis: Monitor for signs of ___ if too much calcium is removed with the plasma

A

tetany

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

2 complications of Glomerulonephritis

A

uremia and anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

For uremia, offer foods high in

A

carbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

pre-renal AKI: administer a ___ to prevent the movement of calcium into the kidney cells, maintain cell integrity, and increase (GFR)

A

CCB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

which kind of AKI: Monitor for ECG dysrhythmias and changes (tall T waves)

A

Intrarenal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

AKI: you need a diet high in

A

protein to replace protein being lost in the urine

46
Q

Disease Prevention of AKI: Encourage clients to drink at least

A

2 to 3 L daily

47
Q

Disease Prevention of AKI: cautious use of

A

NSAIDs

48
Q

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive, ___ kidney disease.

A

irreversible

49
Q

CKD: Urinalysis: Hematuria, proteinuria, and ___ in specific gravity.

A

decrease

50
Q

CKD: CBC:

A

decreased H/H secondary to the loss of erythropoietin

51
Q

CKD: diet should be high in

A

carbs

52
Q

CKD: exercise

A

must have a balance activity and rest

53
Q

CKD: avoid which meds

A

NSAIDS
antimocrobials
ACE inhibitors
Angiotension blockers

54
Q

CKD: Instruct the client to avoid antacids containing ___

A

magnesium

55
Q

A urinary tract infection (UTI) refers to any portion of the

A

lower urinary tract (ureters, bladder, urethra, prostate)

56
Q

Cystitis Urethritis Prostatiti are all

A

UTIs

57
Q

An upper UTI refers to conditions such as

A

pyelonephritis

58
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney

59
Q

most common bacteria of a UTI

A

e coli

60
Q

Untreated UTIs may lead to ___ and ___

A

pyelonephritis and urosepsis

61
Q

Pyuria

A

pus in urine

62
Q

pyelonephritis dx test

A

CT scan

63
Q

UTI: how much fluid should they drink

A

3 liters

64
Q

UTI: Recommend warm __ bath two or three times a day to provide comfort

A

sitz

65
Q

UTI: Encourage clients to ___ daily to promote good body hygiene.

A

bathe

66
Q

one example of an abx used for UTI

A

Fluoroquinolones

67
Q

UTI abx: client teaching

A

take with food

68
Q

UTI: Advise the client to urinate before and after ___.

A

intercourse

69
Q

Clients who have chronic ___ should avoid cranberry juice, which irritates the bladder.

A

cystitis

70
Q

Pyelonephritis: the infection usually begins

A

in the lower tract and moves up

71
Q

Pyelonephritis: ___ is elevated during exacerbating inflammatory processes of the kidneys

A

CRP

72
Q

Pyelonephritis: a nuclear medicine test that uses injectable radioactive dye to visualize organs, glands, bones, and blood vessels that have infection and inflammation

A

Gallium scan

73
Q

the removal of a large stone from the kidney that causes infections and blocks the flow of urine from the kidney

A

Pyelolithotomy

74
Q

Administer ____ for pain associated with pyelonephritis and following procedures.

A

opioids

75
Q

the presence of calculi (stones) in the urinary tract.

A

Urolithiasis

76
Q

The majority of stones (75%) are composed of

A

calcium

77
Q

is not believed to increase the risk of stone formation unless there is a preexisting metabolic disorder or renal tubular defect

A

diet high in calcium

78
Q

There is an increased incidence of urolithiasis in

A

males

79
Q

kidney stones are aka

A

nephrolithiasis

80
Q

Flank pain that radiates to the abdomen, scrotum, testes, or vulva is suggestive of stones in the

A

ureter or bladder

81
Q

urinary tract obstruction is a medical ___ and needs to be treated to preserve kidney function

A

emergency

82
Q

smoky-looking urine

A

Hematuria

83
Q

Renal Calculi Urinalysis: ___ noted on microscopic exam

A

Crystals

84
Q

__ or __ are used to confirm the presence and location of stones

A

KUB or IVP

85
Q

IVP is contraindicated if there is a ___ ___

A

urinary obstruction

86
Q

A CT or MRI is used to identify __ or __ __ stones, which

cannot be seen on standard x-rays.

A

cystine or uric-acid

87
Q

Renal Calculi: Encourage ambulation to promote

A

passage of the stone

88
Q

drug that alleviates pain with a neurogenic or overactive bladder

A

Oxybutynin

89
Q

Monitor for nephrotoxicity and ___ for clients taking gentamicin for UTI

A

ototoxicity

90
Q

patient is on abx for UTI: teach them that the urine might

A

smell bad bc of the abx

91
Q

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) requires ___ sedation

A

moderate

92
Q

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) normal finding

A

bruising at the site and hematuria

93
Q

Renal Calculi: ____ diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide) are used to increase calcium reabsorption

A

Thiazide

94
Q

Renal Calculi: avoid dairy products, red and organ meats, whole grains because they contain

A

phosphate

95
Q

occurs when a stone has blocked a portion of the urinary tract. The urine backs up and causes distention of the kidney

A

Hydronephrosis

96
Q

Pancreatitis is an ____ of the pancreas by pancreatic digestive enzymes that activate prematurely before reaching the intestines

A

autodigestion

97
Q

Epigastric pain, radiating to back, left flank, or left shoulder

A

pancreatitis

98
Q

pancreatitis pain is worse when ___ ___ or ___

A

lying down or eating (specifically after alcohol or fatty food)

99
Q

pancreatitis pain is not relieved with

A

vomiting

100
Q

pancreatitis bowel sounds

A

absent or gone

101
Q

pancreatitis breath

A

fruity (hyperglycemia)

102
Q

pancreatitis may have a sign related to calcium…

A

tetany (Trousseau’s and Chevos)

103
Q

reliabe diagnostic test of acute pancreatitis

A

CT scan

104
Q

pancreatitis: you should be NPO until

A

pain goes away

105
Q

pancreatitis: TPN may be indicated because there’s less risk for

A

hyperglycemia

106
Q

When diet is resumed: bland, low-fat diet with no stimulants (caffeine); small, frequent meals

A

pancreatitis

107
Q

medication used to decrease intestinal motility and the flow of pancreatic enzymes.

A

Anticholinergics

108
Q

Pancreatic enzymes can be given as a medication to help digest food. The patient should

A

sprinkle contents of capsules on nonprotein foods.

drink a full glass of water following pancrelipase.

wipe lips and rinse mouth after taking (to prevent skin breakdown or irritation).

109
Q

pancreatitis fluid imbalance problem

A

hypovolemia

110
Q

pancreatitis can cause Type __ diabetes mellitus

A

one

aa Orgo (196 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions