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406 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Hyperbilirubinemia: if whole body is yellow or palms are yellow, there is danger of

A

kernicterus

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2
Q

MMR vaccine: contraindicated with allergy to

A

eggs or neomycin

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3
Q

the common cold is not a contraindication for

A

immunization

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4
Q

Fever of less than 102 is a normal SE for

A

DTaP

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5
Q

After immunization, to decrease pain

A

apply warm wash cloth and bicycle the baby’s legs when changing the diaper

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6
Q

After immunization you can give ___ Q 4 to 6 hours

A

tylenol

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7
Q

CF: child needs ___ of the usual calorie intake in order to grow and develop

A

150%

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8
Q

The organism usually responsible for epiglottitis

A

H. influenzae

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9
Q

Epiglottitis onset

A

sudden

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10
Q

Child assuming upright sitting position with chin out

and tongue protruding (“tripod position”)

A

Epiglottitis

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11
Q

Drooling and Muffled voice

A

Epiglottitis

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12
Q

Epiglottitis throat exam

A

don’t examine it

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13
Q

Bronchiolitis is characterized by

A

thick secretions

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14
Q

Bronchiolitis is caused by a

A

virus

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15
Q

Bronchiolitis should be on ___ isolation

A

contact

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16
Q

Assign nurses to clients with RSV (Bronchiolitis) who have no responsibility for any other

A

children

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17
Q

Otitis media: give child a ___ bath

A

tepid

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18
Q

Otitis media: position child

A

on the affected side

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19
Q

Otitis media: ___ compress on the affected ear

A

warm

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20
Q

If related to strep, treatment is very important because

of the risk for developing acute glomerulonephritis or rheumatic heart disease.

A

Tonsillitis

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21
Q

Tonsillitis: highest risk for hemorrhage is during the first 24 hours and

A

5 to 10 days after surgery

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22
Q

Acyanotic or Cyanotic: tetralogy of Fallot

A

Cyanotic

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23
Q

decreased pulmonary blood flow

A

Cyanotic

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24
Q

Right-to-left shunts

A

Cyanotic

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25
Q

increased pulmonary blood flow

A

Acyanotic

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26
Q

VSD

A

Ventricular Septal Defect

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27
Q

Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Ventricular Septal Defect

A

Acyanotic

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28
Q

There is a hole between the ventricles.

A

Ventricular Septal Defect

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29
Q

Oxygenated blood from left ventricle is shunted to right ventricle and recirculated to the lungs

A

Ventricular Septal Defect

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30
Q

Ventricular Septal Defect: Small defects may

A

close spontaneously

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31
Q

There is a hole between the atria

A

Atrial Septal Defect

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32
Q

Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Atrial Septal Defect

A

Acyanotic

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33
Q

Oxygenated blood from the left atrium is shunted to

the right atrium and lungs

A

Atrial Septal Defect

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34
Q

Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Patent Ductus Arteriosus

A

Acyanotic

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35
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow

A

Pulmonary Blood Flow

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36
Q

There is an abnormal opening between the aorta and the pulmonary artery

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

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37
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus: There is an abnormal opening between the

A

aorta and the pulmonary artery

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38
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus usually closes within

A

72 hours after birth

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39
Q

May require tx with indocin to close the hole

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

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40
Q

There is an obstructive narrowing of the aorta

A

Coarctation of the Aorta

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41
Q

Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Coarctation of the Aorta

A

Acyanotic

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42
Q

Left-to-right shunt

A

Acyanotic

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43
Q

Right-to-left

A

Cyanotic

44
Q

Coarctation of the Aorta: A common finding is hypertension in the

A

upper extremities and decreased or absent pulses in the lower extremities

45
Q

Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Aortic Stenosis

A

Acyanotic

46
Q

an obstructive narrowing immediately before, at, or after the aortic valve

A

Aortic Stenosis

47
Q

Aortic Stenosis: Symptoms are caused by low

A

cardiac output

48
Q

Three T’s of Cyanotic Heart Disease

A

Tetralogy of Fallot
Truncus Arteriosus
Transposition of the Great Vessels

49
Q

VSD
Aorta placed over and above the VSD
Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

50
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot: ____ occurs because unoxygenated blood is pumped into the systemic circulation

A

Cyanosis

51
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot: Decreased ____ circulation occurs because of the PS

A

pulmonary

52
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot: The child experiences __ ___, or hypoxic episodes

A

“tet” spells

53
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot: child experiences “tet” spells, or hypoxic episodes; they are relieved by the child’s

A

squatting or being placed in the knee-chest position.

54
Q

p_____ is common in kids with heard defects

A

polycythemia

55
Q

Pulmonary artery and aorta do not separate

A

Truncus Arteriosus

56
Q

Truncus Arteriosus: One main vessel receives blood from the left and right ____ together

A

ventricles

57
Q

Truncus Arteriosus: Blood mixes in right and left ventricles through a large VSD, resulting in

A

cyanosis

58
Q

The great vessels are reversed.

A

Transposition of the Great Vessels (Mixed Blood Flow)

59
Q

Transposition of the Great Vessels: The pulmonary circulation arises from the left ventricle, and the

A

systemic circulation arises from the right ventricle.

60
Q

This Cyanotic diagnosis is a medical emergency

A

Transposition of the Great Vessels (Mixed Blood Flow)

61
Q

Transposition of the Great Vessels: administer

A

prostaglandin to keep the ductus open

62
Q

Care of cardiac patient: diet:

A

feed small, frequent feedings

high-calorie formula

63
Q

Care of cardiac patient: infants may need ___ feeding to save energy

A

tube feeding

64
Q

Care of cardiac patient: because polycythemia increases risk for thrombus formation, you should maintain

A

hydration

65
Q

Care of cardiac patient: neutral

A

thermal environment

66
Q

CHF is more often associated with Acyanotic or Cyanotic?

A

Acyanotic

67
Q

Acyanotic has abnormal circulation; however,

A

all blood entering the systemic circulation is oxygenated

68
Q

Cyanotic has abnormal circulation, with

A

unoxygenated blood entering the systemic circulation

69
Q

Rheumatic Fever Description: _____ disease

A

Inflammatory

70
Q

the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children

A

Rheumatic Fever

71
Q

Rheumatic fever is associated with an antecedent beta-

hemolytic _____ infection

A

streptococcal

72
Q

Tachycardia, even during sleep

A

Rheumatic fever

73
Q

Migratory large-joint pain

A

Rheumatic fever

74
Q

Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

A

Rheumatic fever

75
Q

Rheumatic fever: irregular involuntary movements that are called

A

Chorea

76
Q

Rheumatic fever: Reassure child and family that chorea is

A

temporary

77
Q

Rheumatic fever: Administer prescribed medications: ___ or ____

A

Penicillin or erythromycin

78
Q

Rheumatic fever: Encourage ___ ___

A

bed rest

79
Q

Rheumatic fever: assist with ____

A

ambulation

80
Q

Down syndrome is associated with maternal age over

A

35

81
Q

Down syndrome: teach parents the use of

A

bulb syringe for suctioning

82
Q

Down syndrome: Feed to the

A

back and side of mouth

83
Q

Down syndrome: Refer family to ___ ___ program.

A

early intervention

84
Q

UTI: Teach to increase ___ oral fluids (e.g., apple juice, cranberry juice).

A

acidic

85
Q

Cleft palate may not be identified until the infant has

A

difficulty with feeding

86
Q

Initial closure of cleft lip is performed when infant weighs

approximately

A

10 pounds

87
Q

Closure of palate defect is usually performed at 1

A

year

88
Q

postoperative care for cleft LIP: position client on

A

side or upright (not prone)

89
Q

postoperative care for cleft palate: position client on __ or ___

A

side or abdomen

90
Q

Vomiting (free of bile) usually begins after 14 days of

life and becomes projectile

A

Pyloric Stenosis

91
Q

Hungry, fretful infant

A

Pyloric Stenosis

92
Q

Pyloric Stenosis: Metabolic ____

A

alkalosis

93
Q

Palpable olive-shaped mass in upper right quadrant of

the abdomen

A

Pyloric Stenosis

94
Q

Visible peristaltic waves

A

Pyloric Stenosis

95
Q

Prognosis for Pyloric Stenosis surgery

A

excellent

96
Q

Pyloric Stenosis: Position on ___ side in semi-Fowler position after feeding.

A

right

97
Q

Pyloric Stenosis: ___ frequently to avoid stomach becoming distended and putting pressure on surgical site.

A

Burp

98
Q

Acute, intermittent abdominal pain

Screaming, with legs drawn up to abdomen

A

Intussusception

99
Q

Sausage-shaped mass in upper right quadrant while

lower right quadrant is empty

A

Intussusception

100
Q

Intussusception: Monitor carefully for

A

shock and bowel perforation

101
Q

There is a lack of peristalsis in the area of the colon

where the ganglion cells are absent

A

Aganglionic Megacolon

102
Q

Aganglionic Megacolon: ___ ___ accumulate above the aganglionic area of the bowel

A

Fecal contents

103
Q

Distended abdomen, chronic constipation alternating with diarrhea

A

Aganglionic Megacolon

104
Q

Aganglionic Megacolon take temperature via

A

axillary

105
Q

Aganglionic Megacolon: Teach family to begin toilet training after age

A

2

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