301 Test 1 power points Flashcards
1
Q
HIPAA stands for
A
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
2
Q
HIPAA goals include: Ensure ___ of insurance information from one plan to another, decrease __ and abuse in health care
A
PORTABILITY, fraud
3
Q
PHI stands for
A
Protected Health Information
4
Q
PHI includes info about (not an obvious one)
A
Payment
5
Q
HIPAA Fines up to
A
$25,000
6
Q
sharing computer passwords is considered a form of
A
fraud
7
Q
JC goal: Improve the a___ of patient identification
A
accuracy
8
Q
JC goal: Improve the effectiveness of c_____ among caregivers
A
communication
9
Q
JC goal: Improve the s___ of using medications
A
safety
10
Q
JC goal: Reduce the risk of health care-associated i___
A
infections
11
Q
JC goal: Accurately and completely reconcile m____
A
medications
12
Q
JC goal: Reduce the risk of patient harm from f__
A
falls
13
Q
JC goal: Encourage p___’ active involvement in their own care as a patient safety strategy
A
patients
14
Q
JC goal: The o___ identifies safety risks inherent in its population
A
organization
15
Q
JC goal: Improve r___ and responses to changes in a patient’s condition
A
recognition
16
Q
2 things to increase safety when pt is in bed
A
Upper rails raised
Bed is in neutral (lowest) position
17
Q
Check to be sure IV pole/hook is on the s__ side as the insertion site and not tangled or caught on anything.
A
same
18
Q
If patient has a Foley, Be sure that the tubing will drain and bag will not drag on the ___
A
floor
19
Q
If there is electrical equipment, check __ and plugs
A
cords and plugs
20
Q
Patients with difficulty swallowing need to be __ and supervised.
A
upright
21
Q
Tube fed patients must be at 35 to __ degree angle
A
45
22
Q
Patients with additional safety needs include those with: Generalized weakness Confusion or dementia Mental illness Hearing and/or visual impairment and \_\_\_
A
Hemiplegia
23
Q
Confused or demented patients Need frequent visual checks- every 15 to __ minutes.
A
30
24
Q
Confused or demented patients may benefit from on-going time/place o____
A
orientation
25
Hemiplegia
paralysis on one side of body
26
Hemiplegia patients should be helped out of bed on their ___ side
unaffected
27
2 other things about Hemiplegia patients
May need frequent visual checks
| Regular toileting
28
Patient considerations:
Safety
Rights
Dignity
Well-being
29
INDICATIONS FOR SPECIAL OBSERVATION: Keep patient in eyesight continuously, even in the
bathroom
30
INDICATIONS FOR SPECIAL OBSERVATION: Assess patient every ____
shift
31
Co-morbidities which might lead to increased suicidal risk:
Psychiatric illness
Substance abuse
Adverse medication reactions/interactions
Chronic and/or terminal illness
32
IF PATIENT IS SUICIDAL (3 things)
DO NOT LEAVE PATIENT ALONE
Notify supervisor and physician
Implement environmental safety
33
amount of distance from a suicidal pt
arms length
34
consideration of family visiting suicidal pt
must check with RN first
35
Documentation for suicidal pt should be at least once a
shift
36
Alignment and balance also refers to
posture
37
Nurses pay attention to body mechanics to avoid injury to
self and clients
38
Alignment and balance or posture refer to the positioning of joints, tendons, ligaments, and muscles while standing, sitting, or
lying
39
eccentric muscle contraction is a type of muscle activation that increases tension on a muscle as it ___
lengthens
40
A ___ contraction is a type of muscle contraction in which the muscles shorten while generating force
concentric
41
An intervention that restricts clients for therapeutic reasons
Bed rest
42
Mobility Assessment
```
ROM
Exercise and activity tolerance
Body alignment
Standing
Sitting
Lying
Mental status
```
43
Musculoskeletal deconditioning and lack of activity can result in a series of symptoms often referred to as hazards of
hazards of immobility
44
The newborn infant’s spine is flexed and lacks the anteroposterior __ of the adult.
curves
45
The toddler’s posture is awkward because of the slight ___ and protruding abdomen.
swayback
46
Facing the direction of movement prevents abnormal twisting of the
spine
47
Greatest number of falls occur from not
picking up feet high enough
48
Avoid lifting person or object > __% of your body weight. Ask for assistance when needed
35%
49
Semi Fowler’s
30 to 45 degrees
50
Fowler’s Position
>45º degrees
51
Person lying with head lower than feet
Trendelenburg position
52
Sim’s position
lying face down with knee bent
53
Lithotomy position
stirrups
54
Knee-chest position
butt in the air
55
High Fowler’s
usually 60 - 90º
56
High Fowler’s facilitates
lung expansion
57
position used while client is eating
Semi Fowler’s
58
position for N/G insertion
Semi Fowler’s
59
position for suctioning
Semi Fowler’s
60
position (besides high fowlers) promotes lung expansion
Semi Fowler’s
61
position used for postural drainage
Trendelenburg
62
position used because it facilitates venous return in clients with poor peripheral perfusion
Trendelenburg
63
position used for enemas
sims
64
Do not exercise painful or ___ joints
swollen
65
Exercise __ extremity at a time
1 at a time
66
Exercise with at least _ full ROM to each joint at least twice daily
5
67
AVOID USING ___ TO GET INTO A STANDING POSITION
WALKER
68
__ STAFF MEMBERS ARE REQUIRED TO BE PRESENT WHEN USING A HOYER LIFT
2
69
Bridge, recognize pt as unique, convey that they care about pt/family needs, eye contact, interested body language
Caring
70
Bridge, help pt to participate in care by providing the tools and resources necessary
Empowerment
71
Bridge, convey respect, show warmth & caring, eye contact, give pt. time to answer questions, sit
Trust
72
Bridge, to perceive and understand what the patient is feeling. Not pity
Empathy
73
Bridge, nurse and patient agree on health problems and plan to resolve them
Mutuality
74
Bridge, when the nurse is authentic and clear about personal values, thoughts, and feelings when responding to a patient. For example: “you don’t know what it is like”. Nurse: agrees with patient and asks them to tell her more about it.
Therapeutic use of self
75
therapeutic techniques, An active process of receiving information and examining one's reaction to messages received
Listening
76
therapeutic techniques, Encouraging patient to select topics for discussion
Broad Openings
77
therapeutic techniques, Repeating main thought patient has expressed
Restating
78
therapeutic techniques, Attempting to improve the nurses understanding
Clarification
79
therapeutic techniques, Directing back to patient ideas, feelings, questions, or content
Reflection
80
therapeutic techniques, Demonstrating skills or giving information
Informing
81
therapeutic techniques, Asking questions or making statements that help patients expand on a topic of importance
Focusing
82
therapeutic techniques, Asking patient to verify nurse's understanding of what patient is thinking or feeling
Sharing Perceptions
83
therapeutic techniques, Presenting of alternative ideas for patient's consideration relative to problem solving
Suggesting
84
Phases of the relationship, purpose of the encounter is discussed
orientation phase
85
Phases of the relationship, basic information about the nature of the encounter including how the patient can participate
orientation phase
86
Phases of the relationship, Patient can ask questions and share preconceptions and expectations
orientation phase
87
Phases of the relationship, identification and exploitation
working phase
88
Phases of the relationship, identification of patient problems, purpose of meeting, exploration of pt. feelings, implementing plan, attaining goals, identifying new goals
working phase
89
Phases of the relationship, identifying new goals
working phase
90
therapeutic technique, It sounds like you are saying…..
Paraphrasing
91
therapeutic technique, before going on I would like to go over w you what I think we accomplished thus far
Summarization
92
Drugs used to reduce a fever
Antipyretics
93
Bradycardia– slow heart rate below
60
94
Hypertension—associated with the thickening and loss of
elasticity
95
Hypotension—systolic pressure falls to ___ mm hg or below
90
96
Hypothermia –Heat loss during prolonged exposure to cold (core temp betwn 93.2-__)
96.8
97
normal Temperature Range: 96.8 F to __ F or 36 C to 38C
100.4
98
the primary fuel for Metabolism
food
99
```
Factors Affecting Body Temperature
a
h
e
e
c
t
s
```
```
Age
Hormonal level
Environment
Exercise
Circadian rhythm
Temperature Alterations
Stress
```
100
The volume of blood pumped by the heart during 1 __ is the cardiac output
minute
101
Radial and __ locations are the most common sites for pulse rate assessment
Apical
102
Normal pulse rate is
60 to 100 beats per minute
103
CHARACTER OF PULSE INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
rate, rhythm, strength, equality
104
Respiratory Rate ranges between
12 and 20
105
acceptable SaO2 ranges __% to 100%; 85% to 89% is acceptable for certain chronic disease
90
106
The respiratory process of diffusion and __ is evaluated by measuring oxygen saturation of the blood
perfusion
107
less than 85% SaO2 is
abnormal
108
HYPERTENSION is often ___
asymptomatic
109
BP readings 140/90 or greater
HYPERTENSION
110
HYPOTENSION; Systolic readings fall to ___ mm Hg or below
90
111
Pain is a highly complex and subjective experience that originates from the central nervous systems (CNS) or the peripheral nervous system (PNS) or
both
112
Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with __ or potential tissue damage
actual
113
Pain is always __
subjective
114
is being Assertive a bridge or barrier
bridge
115
therapeutic communication, Verbal cues for pt to say more
Facilitation
116
“when you say that you are worried to you mean that you are afraid that you will die soon?”
Validation
117
“when you say that you are worried, what do you mean?”
Clarification
118
greet patient by name, listen actively, answer honestly
Trust
119
confident and comfortable and remains in charge
Assertive
120
Barriers
```
Asking too many questions
Too much information
Asking “why”
Changing the subject inappropriately
Failing to probe
Expressing approval or disapproval
Offering advice
Defending
```
121
The American Nurses Association is concerned with __ aspects of nursing practice, public ___ of the significance of nursing practice to health care, and ___ for nursing practice generated by trends in health care
legal
recognition
implications
122
Scope and Standards of Practice: To improve the health and well-being of all individuals, communities, and populations through the significant and visible contributions of registered nursing using ___s-based practice
standards
123
Definition of Health: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of __ or ___
disease or infirmity
124
Definition of Health: A state of being that ___ define in relation to their own values, personality, and lifestyle
people
125
Chronic Illness lasts more than
6 months
126
illness does not always indicate that a ___ is present
disease
127
Health Belief Model addresses the relationship between a person’s beliefs and ___
behaviors.
128
It provides a way of understanding and predicting how clients will behave in relation to their health and how they will comply with health care therapies
Health Belief Model
129
Health ___ is directed at increasing a client’s level of well being
promotion
130
pt not intending to make changes in next 6 months
precontemplation
131
pt considering a change within 6 months
contemplation
132
pt making small changes in preparation for a big change in the next month
preparation
133
prevention, Occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible
Tertiary
134
prevention, True prevention that lowers the chances that a disease will develop
Primary
135
prevention, Focuses on those who have a disease or are at risk to develop a disease
Secondary
136
independent or dependent, Administer medication using 6 rights
independent
137
independent or dependent, Preparing, supporting, recovering patient from the test
independent
138
independent or dependent, Teaching pregnant women about additional nutrients needed in her diet
independent
139
independent or dependent, Medication Administration
dependent
140
independent or dependent, Assisting with diagnostic tests
dependent
141
independent or dependent, Administering IV fluids
dependent
142
independent or dependent, Ensuring pt receives prescribed diet
dependent
143
What Is the Nursing Process? A systematic problem-solving process that guides all
nursing actions
144
Primary data is from the patient, whereas secondary data is
everything
145
ADL Assessment, Performance scale (0-100)
Karnofsky
146
NDx, MDx, or CP: Clinical judgment about indiv, family, community RESPONSES to health problem
NDx
147
NDx, MDx, or CP: focus is the person
NDx
148
NDx, MDx, or CP: Problem focused
Potential (risk)
Possible-differential diagnosis-r/o
NDx
149
NDx, MDx, or CP: Purpose of NI is to Treat or prevent problems; relieve symptoms
NDx
150
NDx, MDx, or CP: Disease or illness health problem
| Validated by s&s medical diagnoses
MDx
151
NDx, MDx, or CP: focus is on disease
MDx
152
NDx, MDx, or CP: problem is actual or possible
MDx
153
NDx, MDx, or CP: problem is Always potential
CP
154
NDx, MDx, or CP: Purpose of NI is to Carry out medical prescriptions for treatment, Evaluate effectiveness
MDx
155
NDx, MDx, or CP: example Risk for acute heart failure r/t MI
CP
156
NDx, MDx, or CP: Potential physiological complications that are associated w health problem/rx
CP
157
NDx, MDx, or CP: Patho complications r/t disease
CP
158
NDx, MDx, or CP: Purpose of NI: Monitor for development of complication; institute some but not all preventive interventions
CP
159
The word impaired in NDX Impaired physical mobility is an example of a:
Descriptor
160
Culturally ___: Possessing basic knowledge of and constructive attitudes toward diverse cultural populations
sensitive
161
Culturally ____: Applying underlying background knowledge necessary to provide the best possible health care
appropriate
162
Cultural ___: Understanding and attending to total context of patient’s situation
competence
