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aa Orgo > 4092 10 burns > Flashcards

4092 10 burns Flashcards

1
Q

In addition to destruction of body tissue, a burn injury results in the loss of: _____ regulation

A

temperature

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2
Q

Metabolism ____ to maintain body heat as a result of burn injury and tissue damage

A

increases

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3
Q

Quick method to approximate the extent of burn by dividing the body into multiples of nine. The total of the sum is equal to the total body surface area (TBSA). This determines the measurement and the extent of the burn

A

Rule of Nines

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4
Q

A more exact method estimating the extent of burn by the percentage of surface area of anatomic parts, particularly the head and legs of the client injured. Dividing body into smaller parts and providing a TBSA for each body part, an estimate of TBSA can be determined

A

Lund and Browder Method

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5
Q

Quick method to approximate scattered burns using the palm of the client’s hand. The palm of the client’s hand (excluding the fingers) is equal to 0.5% TBSA. This method can be used for all age groups.

A

Palmer Method

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6
Q

One factor in how severe a wound is, is the involvement of the ___ blank system

A

respiratory (did they breath in smoke)

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7
Q

Three Phases of Burn Care: Emergent

A

First 24 to 48 hr after the burn occurs

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8
Q

Three Phases of Burn Care: Acute phase begins when

A

fluid resuscitation is finished

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9
Q

Three Phases of Burn Care: Acute phase ends when

A

the wound is covered by tissue

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10
Q

Three Phases of Burn Care: Rehabilitative phase begins when

A

most of the burn area is healed

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11
Q

Three Phases of Burn Care: Rehabilitative phase ends when

A

reconstructive and corrective procedures are complete (may last for years)

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12
Q

Reduce setting on water heater to below

A

140° F (60° C).

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13
Q

Risk for Death from Burns: Burn involves greater than ___ TBSA

A

40% TBSA

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14
Q

Superficial burn

A

damage to epidermis

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15
Q

Superficial partial thickness

A

damage to the entire epidermis and some parts of the dermis

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16
Q

Deep partial thickness

A

damage to entire epidermis and deep into the dermis

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17
Q

Full thickness

A

damage to the entire epidermis and dermis, and may extend into the subcutaneous tissue. Nerve damage also occurs

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18
Q

Deep full thickness

A

damage to all layers of skin and extends to muscle, tendons and bones

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19
Q

Example of Superficial burn

A

sun burn

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20
Q

Example of Superficial partial thickness

A

Flame or burn scalds

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21
Q

Burn Appearance: Pink to red, tender, no blisters, mild edema, and no eschar

A

Superficial

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22
Q

Burn Appearance: Pink to red, blisters, mild to moderate edema, and no eschar

A

Superficial partial thickness

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23
Q

Burn Appearance: Red to white, with moderate edema, free of blisters, and soft and dry eschar

A

Deep partial thickness

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24
Q

Burn Appearance: Red to tan, black, brown, or white. Free from blisters, severe edema, and hard and inelastic eschar

A

Full thickness

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25
Q

Burn Appearance: Black, no edema

A

Deep full thickness

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26
Q

Possible grafting involved

A

Deep partial thickness

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27
Q

Grafting required

A

Full thickness and Deep full thickness

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28
Q

Clinical manifestations may not be evident for ____ and are seen as wheezing, hoarseness, and increased respiratory secretions

A

24 to 48 hr

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29
Q

Carbon monoxide inhalation findings:
e_____
upper airway ____
s____

A

errythemia (red skin)
upper airway edema
sloughing of respiratory tract

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30
Q

H_____ and s____ may result when injury to at least 20% to 30% TBSA occurs

A

Hypovolemia and shock

31
Q

Initial fluid shift (first 24 hr after injury): H and H will be

A

increased (because they lost fluid)

32
Q

Initial fluid shift (first 24 hr after injury): Sodium and Potassium

A

Hyponatremia

Hyperkalemia

33
Q

Minor Burns: Stop the burning process: Remove ____ or ____ that might conduct heat

A

clothing or jewelry

34
Q

Minor Burns: Stop the burning process: Apply cool water soaks or run cool water over injury; do not use

A

ice

35
Q

Minor Burns: Stop the burning process: chemical burns

A

Flush chemical burns with large volume of water

36
Q

Minor Burns: Stop the burning process: to prevent contamination and hypothermia

A

Cover the burn with clean cloth

37
Q

Minor Burns: Stop the burning process: Provide w____

A

warmth

38
Q

Minor Burns: Cleanse with mild soap and tepid water, avoid excess

A

friction

39
Q

Minor Burns: Apply dressing (n_____, h_____) if the burn area is irritated by clothing

A

nonadherent, hydrocolloid

40
Q

Minor Burns: Check immunization status for t____ and determine need for immunization

A

tetanus

41
Q

Moderate and Major Burns: first priority

A

Maintain airway

42
Q

Moderate and Major Burns: A ______ tube may be indicated for clients at risk for aspiration.

A

nasogastric

43
Q

Moderate and Major Burns: Assist client to _______ every hour

A

cough and deep breathe

44
Q

Moderate and Major Burns: Keep head of bed

A

elevated at all times (airway priority)

45
Q

Moderate and Major Burns: Initiate intravenous access using

A

large-bore needle

46
Q

Moderate and Major Burns: Initiate intravenous access using a large-bore needle. If a large area of the body is burned,

A

a central venous catheter is inserted

47
Q

Moderate and Major Burns: ____ ____ replacement is needed during the emergent phase to maintain tissue perfusion and prevent hypovolemic (burn) shock

A

Rapid fluid

48
Q

Moderate and Major Burns: AFTER the first 24 hours, the IV fluids given would be

A

Colloid solutions, such as albumin (DURING the 1st 24 hours its NS or LR)

49
Q

Follow _____ precautions when performing wound care.

A

standard

50
Q

A client with large burns could need up to ____ calories per day

A

5,000

51
Q

Avoid pain medication that’s given

A

IM or SQ

52
Q

When performing wound care follow ___ precautions

A

standard

53
Q

When do you assist with ambulation?

A

as soon as they’re stable

54
Q

In addition to retaining water and protein, Biologic Skin Coverings also cover nerve endings which means the help with

A

pain

55
Q

Allograft vs Autograft

A

Allo is from any human, Auto specifically means its from your own body

56
Q

Mesh graft

A

A skin graft that can be stretched to cover a bigger area

57
Q

Graft: the extremity should be kept

A

elevated

58
Q

The skin will regrow as long as

A

there is some part of the dermis left

59
Q

No matter what, even if nerve endings are destroyed all burns

A

all burns are painful

60
Q

superficial thickness wounds are the least

A

damaging because it only involves the epidermis.

61
Q

superficial thickness wound example

A

sun burn

62
Q

in a partial thickness wound, it affects

A

the epidermis and part of the dermis (think partial = part)

63
Q

You can have 2 kinds of partial thickness wounds

A

superficial and deep

64
Q

superficial partial thickness ___ when pressured

A

blanch

65
Q

superficial partial thickness: they develop blisters because

A

there’s plasma leaking out

66
Q

superficial partial thickness usually don’t

A

scar

67
Q

Deep partial compared to superficial partial

A

are LESS painful because nerves are gone

68
Q

Deep partial: healing can be sped up with

A

grafting

69
Q

Full thickness burn is when

A

the epi and entire dermis is gone

70
Q

lethary eschar

A

Full thickness burn

71
Q

Full thickness burn: the eschar must be

A

removed

72
Q

Full thickness burn: the eschar can have a constricting affect so you may need

A

fasciotomy

73
Q

Deep full thickness

A

not only is dermis gone, but it extends into other tissue

aa Orgo (196 decks)

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