406 6 Flashcards
Anti-viral medication given to HIV newborns and the mother
AZT
Small children cannot get more than __ ml per injection site
1 ml
Toddlers need injections at which site
thigh
Adolescents make to excess tylenol (or other household things) in order to
O.D.
FLACC stands for
Face Legs Acuity Cry Consolability
FLACC scale is used for what age
babies (because they cant talk)
Toddler’s can’t report pain reliably, even with a
Face scale
In infants, ___ breathing is normal
abdominal
small kids have very thin chest wall so it’s easy to
hear sounds
Croup is inflammation cause by
a virus
Croup involves which 3 body parts
larynx
trachea
bronchioles
Treat croup with ___ mist
cool mist
Croup: long term treatment for the inflammation is
steroids
common complication of croup
epiglotitis (windpipe closes)
2 of the sounds heard with croup
stridor and barking cough
At what age do you expect a child to know about their asthma triggers
6 y/o
children do NOT get ____!
aspirin
A fever can be accompanied by febrile ___
seizures
If the child has a seizure at home
take to ED after the seizure
after a seizure, give the child a ___ scan
brain
3 medications for febrile seizure
anti convulsant
anti pyretic
Abx
CF is characterized by excessive
mucus
How do you get CF
genetically inherited
CF affects the ___ glands
exocrine
CF: does it show at birth
it may or may not
CF: if there’s a family history you could do an
amniocentesis
CF: at birth it can cause __ __ because of pancreatic CF (enzymes are not flowing from the pancreas)
meconium ileus
CF: sweat test is positive if there’s elevated
chloride
CF: the baby may taste
salty
CF: baby’s stool may be
steatorrhea (because they ain’t absorbing fat soluble)
CF: growth of the baby
retarded growth
Part of the CF tx involving vitamins
fat soluble vitamins that are water soluble
CF patient may need ___ enzymes for life
pancreatic enzymes
CF: common comorbidity that’s a big deal
DM
Acyanotic defect: involves shunting blood in which direction
left to right
Acyanotic defect: involves shunting blood from left to right; eventually this leads to
right side HF
Tetralogy of Fallot
Ventricular septal defect
Pulmonary stenosis
overriding aorta
overtime they get right ventricular hypertrophy
Transposition of Great Vessels: blood from the right side
goes into the aorta
Transposition of Great Vessels: causes ___ at birth
cyanosis
Neck vein distention in babies
you can’t assess it
Acyanotic defect: you will need __ supplement
iron
3 things you need to take for congestive HF
Digoxin
Lasix
K supplement
To keep the ductus patent, administer
prostaglandins
To constrict the ductus, administer
Indocin
Heart defect surgery is done at what age range
toddler
Overall goal for how you act towards a child with congenital defect
treat them as normal as possible
and
let them do as much as possible
Children’s normal BMR
is faster than adults
Children and dehydration
they’re more sensitive
Do we recommend wipes or wash clothes
Wipes (disposable)
How do you know if a baby is nauseous
they refuse to eat
Pyloric stenosis is diagnosed with a barium swallow. While you’re waiting for the results, the biggest concern is
dehydration from the vomiting
Pyloric stenosis: before the corrective surgery, you need to correct the
F/E imbalance
Pyloric stenosis: after the corrective surgery, you should feed the baby soon because
it maintains the patency of the sphincter
DONT WAIT FOR BOWEL SOUNDS TO RETURN
Currant jelly stool (2 things)
blood and mucus in stool
could happen with intussusception
Intussesception tx
Barium enema under high pressure
Treating intussesception with a barium enema works by
forcing the bowel back into the correct position
Intussesception: if hemorrhaging occurs, they may need
blood transfusion
Intussesception: feeding
increase PO intake gradually
With aganglionic megacolon, what body part should you measure
the abd girth
