Medsurg hesi 5 cardiac

Question 1

The goal of anemia treatment is to restore adequate ___ ___

Answer 1

tissue oxygenation

Question 2

the most common cause of anemia in children, adolescents, and pregnant women.

Answer 2

Iron-deficiency anemia due to inadequate intake

Question 3

Aplastic anemia results in a decreased number of RBCs as well as decreased platelets and

Answer 3

WBCs

Question 4

Anemia may be misdiagnosed as ___ or debilitation in older adult clients

Answer 4

depression

Question 5

vitamin B12 deficiency: tongue

Answer 5

smooth and bright red

Question 6

Hct

Answer 6

percentage of RBCs in relation to the total blood volume.

Question 7

indicates Hgb amount relative to the size of the cell

Answer 7

Mean corpuscular Hgb concentration (MCHC)

Question 8

Possible causes of decreased MCV, MCH, MCHC (RBC indices)

Answer 8

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 9

Possible causes of increased MCV (RBC indices)

Answer 9

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Folic acid deficiency

Question 10

Hgb electrophoresis separates normal Hgb from abnormal. It is used to detect

Answer 10

sickle-cell disease

Question 11

A ____ test measures vitamin B12 absorption with and without intrinsic factor. It is used to differentiate between malabsorption and pernicious anemia.

Answer 11

Schilling

Question 12

A Schilling test measures vitamin B12 absorption with and without intrinsic factor. It is used to differentiate between malabsorption and

Answer 12

pernicious anemia.

Question 13

Bone-marrow aspiration/biopsy is used to diagnose

Answer 13

aplastic anemia

Question 14

Parenteral iron supplements (iron dextran) are only given for

Answer 14

severe anemia

Question 15

Administer parenteral iron using the

Answer 15

Z-track method

Question 16

Vitamin __ may increase oral iron absorption.

Answer 16

C

Question 17

Instruct the client to take iron supplements ___ meals to increase absorption, if tolerated.

Answer 17

between

Question 18

Monitor for a cardiovascular event if Hgb increases too rapidly (greater than __ g/dL in 2 weeks).

Answer 18

1

Question 19

All cells rely on folic acid for ___ production.

Answer 19

DNA

Question 20

if B12 deficiency is due to lack of intrinsic factor being produced by the parietal cells of the stomach or malabsorption syndrome, it must be administered

Answer 20

parenterally or intranasally to be absorbed.

Question 21

Large doses of folic acid may mask

Answer 21

vitamin B12 deficiency

Question 22

Large doses of folic acid will turn the client’s urine

Answer 22

dark yellow.

Question 23

In some cases, the development of microemboli in the circulatory system paradoxically “uses up” the clotting factors that cause

Answer 23

hemorrhages to occur at the same time intravascular clotting occurs.

Question 24

A coagulopathy that is an autoimmune disorder in which the life span of platelets is decreased by antiplatelet antibodies although platelet production is normal

Answer 24

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Question 25

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): A coagulopathy that is an autoimmune disorder in which the life span of platelets is decreased by antiplatelet antibodies although

Answer 25

platelet production is normal

Question 26

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) can result in

Answer 26

severe hemorrhage following a cesarean birth or lacerations.

Question 27

A life-threatening coagulopathy in which clotting and anticlotting mechanisms occur at the same time.

Answer 27

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 28

Unusual spontaneous bleeding from the client’s gums and nose (epistaxis) can be a finding of

Answer 28

coagulopathy

Question 29

Prothrombin time ____ with DIC

Answer 29

increased

Question 30

D-dimer time ____ with DIC

Answer 30

increased

Question 31

Nursing interventions for DIC initially focus on assessing for and correcting

Answer 31

the underlying cause (sepsis, hemorrhage)

Question 32

Nursing interventions for DIC initially focus on assessing for and correcting the underlying cause (sepsis, hemorrhage). The focus then turns to preventing organ damage secondary to microemboli and

Answer 32

replacing the blood’s clotting components.

Question 33

DIC and ITP: avoid use of

Answer 33

NSAIDs

Question 34

Medications for ITP

Answer 34

Corticosteroids and immunosuppressants

Question 35

Medications for DIC

Answer 35

Anticoagulants

Question 36

DIC – Anticoagulants (heparin) May be used to decrease microclots from forming and

Answer 36

using up clotting factors

Question 37

ITP – ____ may be performed by the provider if client does not respond to medical management.

Answer 37

Splenectomy