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aa Orgo > 405 3 > Flashcards

405 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Disease with decreased or missing clotting factor

A

Hemophilia

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2
Q

Hemophilia inheritance

A

Male child inherits gene from mother

Female child is a carrier of the disease

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3
Q

Hemophilia patients should be immunized against

A

Hep B

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4
Q

Hemophilia: 3 preventions of dental injuries

A

Use a soft tooth brush
Regular flossing
Prophyllactic factor administration

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5
Q

Hemophilia: avoid what OTC

A

aspirin

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6
Q

Hemophilia: avoid what activity

A

contact sports

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7
Q

Hemophilia: grooming

A

use electric razor

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8
Q

Hemophilia: blood drawing

A

apply firm pressure for 1 full minute, elevate extremity above heart

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9
Q

Hemophilia: what common medical procedure should you avoid

A

IM injection

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10
Q

RICE

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

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11
Q

increases factor VIII activity in hemophilia A

A

Desmopressin

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12
Q

If a Hemophilia patient has a mild injury they may be prescribed

A

Desmopressin

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13
Q

If a Hemophilia patient has a serious injury they may be prescribed

A

Replacement factors via IV or PICC line

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14
Q

Patient’s receive both treatments Desmopressin and missing/low factor based on

A

blood tests (factor assay)

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15
Q

subluxation

A

head of femur slips out of socket

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16
Q

subluxation is found in what condition

A

Congenital Dysplasia of Hip

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17
Q

Congenital Dysplasia of Hip is related to

A

fetal position in utero

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18
Q

Congenital Dysplasia of Hip: birth presentation was probably

A

breech

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19
Q

Ortolani’s Sign

A

Hip click

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20
Q

Barlow’s Sign

A

palpation of acetabulum (hip socket) slipping back & forth

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21
Q

Congenital Dysplasia of Hip: findings of the affected side

A

extra folds and shorter leg

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22
Q

Triple Diapering

A

hip dysplasia tx

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23
Q

hip dysplasia tx: ___ harness

A

Pavlik Harness

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24
Q

hip dysplasia tx: period ___ exams

A

radiology

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25
Q

hip dysplasia tx: wear the support structures for

A

23 hours a day

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26
Q

Talipes Equinovarus

A

Club Feet

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27
Q

Club Feet: occurrence

A

congenital

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28
Q

Club Feet: tx can include Manual manipulation using

A

short leg casts during early infancy

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29
Q

Club Feet: it may need to be treated with some kind of cast or brace; be sure to ___ child to promote normal G/D

A

stimulate

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30
Q

Scoliosis causes can be ___ or ___

A

idiopathic or congenital

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31
Q

Scoliosis: in cases where there’s a congenital cause, the specific cause might be ___ __ or ___ ___

A

spina bifida

cerebral palsy

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32
Q

Scoliosis: brace is worn how much?

A

18 hours a day

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33
Q

Neural Tubes Defects basic definition:

A

Failure of spinal cord and meninges to close

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34
Q

Neural Tubes Defects have several causes, one is: Maternal ___ ___ deficiency

A

folic acid

35
Q

Neural Tubes Defects assessment: Alpha ____ level elevated 16-18 wks

A

fetoprotein

36
Q

Neural Tubes Defects assessment: 2 high tech procedures

A

amniocentesis

sonogram

37
Q

Neural Tubes Defects: to avoid trauma on the fetus, the delivery should be

A

cesarean

38
Q

Neural Tubes Defects: below the affected area the body will be

A

paralyzed

39
Q

Neural Tubes Defects: to prevent injury to the sac, position the baby

A

prone

40
Q

Neural Tubes Defects: keep the sac moist with

A

NS

41
Q

Neural Tubes Defects: dressing for the sac

A

sterile dressing with NS

42
Q

Neural Tubes Defects: assess for ___ allergy

A

latex

43
Q

Surgical Treatment of Neural tube defect: complications include

A

more nerve damage
hydrocephaly
infection

44
Q

Neural Tubes Defects: paralysis may cause the need for __ of child patients (as opposed to infants)

A

catheterization

45
Q

Hydrocephalus: the crying may be

A

high pitched

46
Q

In addition to the short-term interventions/monitoring after a ventricular-peritoneal shunt, the long term interventions/monitoring also include

A

adjusting the shunt as the child grows

assessing for normal cognitive development

47
Q

Cerebral Palsy definition

A

Static lesion of the brain causing physical and cognitive impairment

48
Q

Cerebral Palsy causes:

A

Anoxia at birth
Infection
Drug exposure
trauma

49
Q

Types of Cerebral Palsy: involuntary muscular movement – e.g. jerky movements

A

Spastic

50
Q

Types of Cerebral Palsy: motor coordination problems

A

Ataxic

51
Q

Types of Cerebral Palsy: slow writhing movement, sensory impairment (visual, hearing, speech & language)

A

Athetoid

52
Q

Types of Cerebral Palsy: the 4th type

A

mixture of all the others

53
Q

Cerebral Palsy: in a newborn the reflexes can be

A

hyper or hypo

54
Q

Cerebral Palsy: in a newborn watch out for these 2 things

A

Seizure

Poor feeding

55
Q

Cerebral Palsy: in an older infant (not newborn) or toddler the reflexes will be

A

primitive

56
Q

Cerebral Palsy: in an older infant (not newborn) or toddler watch out for

A

drooling
delayed motor
delayed sensory

57
Q

In Cerebral Palsy the presence of lesion is detected by __ or __

A

MRI or CT

58
Q

Cerebral Palsy tx

A

early intervention and MULTI-disciplinary

59
Q

Cerebral Palsy: feed slowly because there’s a risk for

A

aspiration

60
Q

Cerebral Palsy: NDX having to do with movement

A

Altered comfort r/t spastic movements

61
Q

Cerebral Palsy: Altered comfort r/t spastic movements: intervention: Administer

A

Muscle relaxants

62
Q

Cerebral Palsy: Altered comfort r/t spastic movements: intervention: ___ exercises

A

ROM

63
Q

Cerebral Palsy: Altered comfort r/t spastic movements: intervention: Avoid

A

stress and sudden movement

64
Q

Cerebral Palsy: Altered comfort r/t spastic movements: intervention: Keep to

A

routine ADL

65
Q

cause or causes of autism are

A

unknown

66
Q

Autism has a strong ___ basis

A

genetic

67
Q

Autism: Symptoms usually appear before

A

18 mos

68
Q

The best people to assess for autism are

A

parents

69
Q

3 complications of autism

A

Seizures
depression
anxiety

70
Q

Autism behaviors: Rejects

A

close physical contact

71
Q

Autism behaviors: Prolonged

A

staring at objects

72
Q

Autism behaviors: In______

A

Inattentiveness

73
Q

Autism behaviors: ___ ____ behaviors

A

Obsessive repetitive

74
Q

Autism behaviors: R____ behaviors

A

Ritualistic

75
Q

Autism behaviors: Lack of

A

empathy

76
Q

Autism: Tx: seizure activity may be treated with

A

Anticonvulsants

77
Q

Autism: Tx: if mental disorders develop as a complication, you may need to treat with

A

Antidepressants
Tranquilizers
Antipsychotics

78
Q

Mental Retardation definition:

A

deficiency in intellectual functioning

IQ below 70/75

79
Q

Preventive Measures against retardation: Prevention of pediatric infections, especially

A

meningitis

80
Q

Preventive Measures against retardation: ___ vaccination

A

HIB (influenza B)

81
Q

Preventive Measures against retardation: ___ to detect anomalies during pregnancy

A

amniocentesis

82
Q

retardation finding: muscle tone

A

poor

83
Q

retardation finding: newborn reflexes

A

floppy, hyperreflexia

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