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ENARM > dermatologia prieto 1 > Flashcards

dermatologia prieto 1 Flashcards

1
Q

clinica de BASOCELULAR

A
  • papula - nodulo
  • bordes regulares
  • APERLADO
  • CENTRO ULCERADO
  • TELANGIECTASIAS
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2
Q

a que cancer predispone la QUERATOSIS ACTINICA

A

ESPINOCELULAR

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3
Q

Clinica de queratosis actinica

A
  • lesion eritematosa o del mismo color de piel

- TEXTURA COMO LIJA

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4
Q

DX MELANOMA

A

BIOPSIA ESCISIONAL (con margen de 1 - 3 mm de piel sana)

si sale en CARA o GENITALES, se hace BIOPSIA INCISIONAL

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5
Q

MARCADOR DEL MELANOMA

A

SENSIBLE = S-100

ESPECIFICO = HMB 45

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6
Q

FR melanoma

A

> 65 años

EXPOSICION AL SOL

fototipo Fitzpatrick I - II

NEVO GIGANTE 20 cm

> 100 nevos

> 5 nevos displasicos

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7
Q

genes mutados en MELANOMA

A
  • CDKN2A
  • CDK4

** EN EL CROMOSOMA 9

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8
Q

Tipo mas comun de melanoma

A

1 NODULAR (“zarzamora”)

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9
Q

caracteristicas de MELANOMA NODULAR

A

1 EN MEXICO

  • Agresivo X CRECIMIENTO VERTICAL
  • afecta espalda y piernas

** NODULO ZARZAMORA

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10
Q

caracterisitcas de MELANOMA ACRAL LENTIGINOSO

A
  • Sx hutchingson

- afecta palmas / plantas

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11
Q

caracteristicas de MELANOMA “EXTENSION SUPERFICIAL”

A
  • Afecta espalda y piernas

* “CRECIMIENTO HORIZONTAL ANTES DE INVADIR”

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12
Q

tipos de SIGNOS DE HUTCHINSON

A
  • melanoma acral lentiginoso
  • dientes de hutchinson
  • herpes zoster (vesicula que sale en la nariz)
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13
Q

casificacion de MELANOMA

A

A = asimetria de bordes

B = bordes irregulares

C = colores >2

D= diametro >6mm

E = evolucion

F = familiares

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14
Q

indicaciones de envio a DERMATOLOGICO en 2 SEMANAS

A

1 punto en la escala ABCDEF

  • Sx patito feo
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15
Q

INDICACIONES DE ENVIO A DERMATOLOGICO EN 24 HRS

A
  • SANGRADO
  • AUMENTO RAPIDO DE TAMAÑO
  • PRURITO
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16
Q

escala que mide profundidad en mm EN MELANOMA

A

BRESLOW

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17
Q

escala que mide profundidad de manera HISTOLOGICA

A

CLARK

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18
Q

escala CLARK

A

1) in situ
2) papilar
3) reticulo papilar
4) reticular
5) TCSC

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19
Q

TNM en MELANOMA

A

IB = lesion 1mm ULCERADA

III = GANGLIOS +

IV = METS

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20
Q

sitios de METS melanoma

A

1 GANGLIOS

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21
Q

cancer que metastasisa mas frecuentemente en CORAZON

A

MELANOMA

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22
Q

TX METS DE MELANOMA

A
  • DACARBAZINA

- TEMOZOLAMIDA

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23
Q

TX MELANOMA SIN METS

A

CIRUGIA ESCISIONAL + reseccion de GANGLIO CENTINELA

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24
Q

patogenia de psoriasis

A
  • hiperproliferacion de queratinocitos
25
Q

GEN ASOCIADO A PSORIASIS

A

GEN PSOR 1

26
Q

Farmacos asociados a PSORIASIS

A
  • B BLOQ
  • BCC
  • LITIO
  • ANTIMALARICOS
27
Q

lesion clasica de psoriasis

A

HIPERQUERATOSIS con PARAQUERATOSIS

28
Q

abscesos presentes en psoriasis

A

ABSCESOS DE MUNRO-SABORAUD (neutrofilos en epidermis)

29
Q

agente asociado a PSORIASIS GUTTATA

A

S. PYOGENES

es la mas comun en niños

30
Q

tx psoriasis segun PASO

A

<10% = TOPICO

> 10% = SISTEMICO

31
Q

TX PSORIASIS TOPICO

A

1 CLOBETAZOLA + CALCIPOTRIOL

32
Q

TX PSORIASIS SISTEMICO

A

1 CICLOSPORINA / MTX

33
Q

TX INICIAL ARTRITIS PSORIASICA

A

1 AINE

34
Q

TX FALLA AL TX PSORIASIS

A

ANTI TNF ALFA

o

USTEKIMUMAB

35
Q

mecanismo de accion de USTEKIMUMAB

A

INHIBIDOR DE IL 12 e IL23

36
Q

caracteristicas de CARCINOMA BASOCELULAR

A

1 tumor cutaneo en MEXICO

  • > 60 años
  • PAPULA / APERLADA / ULCERACION CENTRAL con TELANGIECTASIAS

. crecimeinto lento

37
Q

DX CARCINOMA BASOCELULAR

A
  • BIOPSIA ESCISIONAL
38
Q

HISTOPATOLOGIA DE BASOCELULAR

A
  • CELULAS en palizada

- basaloides

39
Q

dx basocelualr

A

CIRUGIA DE MOHS

40
Q

1 TIPO DE CARCINOMA BASOCELULAR

A

1 NODULAR

  • papula aperlada, color carne, telangiectasias, con ulceracion centrica
  • AFECTA PARPADO INFERIOR
41
Q

datos de alto riesgo en BASOCELULAR

A

1 >20mm

  • bordes irregulares
  • recurrencia
42
Q

TX BASOCELULAR

A

1 CIRUGIA DE MOHS

43
Q

contraindicacion para dar ISOTRETINOINA

A

EMBARAZO

CANCER

HEPATOPATIAS

44
Q

tx escabiosis

A

BENZILO

45
Q

farmacos que se asocian a ACNE

A
  • ANDROGENOS
  • AZATIOPRINA
  • ESTEROIDES
  • ISONIAZIDA
  • LITIO
46
Q

clincia ACNE LEVE

A

comedores SIN cicatriz

47
Q

clinica ACNE MODERADO

A

comedores

papulas y pustulas

quistes y nodulos

48
Q

clinica ACNE SEVERO

A

quistes y CICATRICES

49
Q

TX ACNE LEVE

A

1 PEROXIDO DE BENZOILO

  • aseo 2 veces al dia
50
Q

TX ACNE MODERADO

A

1 BENZOILO + TRETINOINA + TETRACICLINA

  • limeciclina es de eleccion
51
Q

TX ACNE GRAVE

A

1 ISOTRETINOINA

  • ENVIO 2DO NIVEL
52
Q

FR carcinoma ESPINOCELULAR / escamoso

A
  • QUERATOSIS ACTINICA *
  • TABAQUISMO
  • VPH (por eso puede afectar, piel y genitales simultaneamente)
  • ulceras cronicas (ulcera de MARJOLIN)
53
Q

CLINICA DE ESPINOCELULAR

A
  • PAPULA ERITEMATOSA
  • SANGRANTE
  • CUERPO ACTINICO
54
Q

Sitios mas comunes de espinocelular

A

1 pabellon auricular o labio inferior

  • GENITALES
  • PERIANAL
55
Q

HISTOPATOLIOGA DE ESPINOCELULAR

A

“PERLAS DE QUERATINA”

56
Q

DX ESPINOCELULAR

A

BIOPSIA ESCICIONAL

57
Q

TIPOS DE ESPINOCELULAR

A

a) BOWEN = in situ
b) ERITROPLASIA DE QUEYRAT = Bowen en genitales
c) ULCERAS DE MARJOLIN = secundarias a heridas cronicas o quemaduras

58
Q

tx CARCINOMA ESPINOCELULAR

A

Bajo riesgo = curetaje

ALTO riesgo = CX MOHS

59
Q

TX METS ESPINOCELULAR

A

QT =

  • cisplatino + 5- FU

ENARM (178 decks)

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