Verbs 23 Flashcards
To stop working, break down, become not functioning
To prevent (ه = s.o.) from working, interrupt or delay (ه = s.o.’s work);
عَطَّل، يْعَطِّل
المَاكِنَة مْعَطَّلِة [P] the machine is not in use (could mean that it is broken or that it is simply not on at the moment);
عَطَّلني [P] he interrupted my work, wouldn’t let me complete my work; {ʕɑṭṭɑlny}
عَطَّلتَك عَن شُغلَك [P] I kept you from working; {ʕɑṭṭɑltak ʕan šuġlak}
مَا بَحِبّ / بَحِبِّش أَعَطّْلَك [P] I don’t want to interrupt you while you’re working; {ma baḥebb / baḥebbᵉš ʔaʕɑṭṭºlak}
عَمِ تْعَوِّقْنِي بْشِغْلِي = عَمِ تْعَطِّلْنِي عَم شِغْلِي [S] You’re interfering with my work,
ما لَحَ اْعَطّْلَكِ كْتِير [S] I won’t keep you very long,
فِقْدَان واحِد مِن أَحْسَنِ مْهَنْدْسِيْنْنَا عَطَّلْنَا كْتِير [S] The loss of one of our best engineers has set us back considerably,
To bring together, consolidate, put together (ه = s.th.)
To bring together, join (ه = s.th., ل = to)
To bring into, take into, join, include (ه = s.th., ل = to);
ضَمّ، يْضُمّ
ضَمّْ إِيْدَيْه كَإِنَّو رَحَ يْصَلِّي [S] He put his hands together as if he were about to pray,
ضَمُّوْه لَ النَادي [P] they took him into their club; {ḍɑmmūᴴ la-n-nādy}
To earn (ه = money)
طلَّع ، يطلِّع
To become unemployed
To stop working, stall, breakdown, come to a standstill
تْعَطَّل، يِتعَطَّل
المَاكِنَات تْعَطَّلُوا [P] the machines are idle (e.g. because the workers are on strike, or because of a power outage, etc.); {‘il-mākināt tºʕɑṭṭɑlu}
تْعَطَّلِت سِيَّارْتَك [V] your car has broken down?
To clog up, clog, stop up (ه = s.th.)
سَطَم، يِسْطُم
اْنْسَطَم
المَزَاْرِيبِ بْتِنْصِطِم لَـمّا بِتْمَطِّر [S] The drains clog up whenever it rains.
لا تِلْحِشَهْا بِالبَلُّوعَة بْتِسْطُمَهْا [S] Don’t throw it into the drain, you’ll stop it up
فِي شِي صطَمِ البَلُّوْعَة [S] Something clogged the drain,
لَحَ تِسْطُم البَلُّوْعَة [S] You’re going to stop up the sink
To chatter, prattle
ثَرْثَر، يْثَرْثِر
بِيْثَرِثْرُوا بَلَا وَقْفِة [S] They chatter incessantly
To pass, go by
To go through, pass through (ب / في = s.th.)
To drop in (على = on s.o.)
To pass, elapse (Said of time);
مَرّ، يْمِرّ
مَرّ قِدَّام [S] to pass in front of
لَمَّا بَمُرّ قُدَّام بَيْتُو [P] when I pass in front of his house; {lamma bamorr quddām bēto}
كِنْت مارَّة هَيك [L] I was (just) passing by…
كِلّْ يَوْمِ بْمِرّْ قِدَّام هالبَنْك [S] I pass this bank building every day.
مَرّ مِن قِدَّام [S] to pass in front of, pass right by
مْنِقْدِرِ نْمِرّْ مِن هَوْن [S] We can pass through here,
الإِنسَانِة اللي بِتمُرّ بِتَجرِبِة مِن هَا-شِكِل [P] any woman who undergoes an experience of this kind; {‘il-ʔinsāne-l-ly bitmorr bitajribe min ha-šikᵉl}
المُشكِلِة اللي بَمُرّ فِيْهَا [P] the problem I am going through; {‘il-muškile-l-ly bamorr fīha}
وَاحَد بيْمُرّ بِأَزمِة لَازِم وَاحَد يْكُوْن جَنبُو / جَمبُو [P] when someone goes through a crises, someone (else) must be at his side (to support him) (جمب is how جنب is actually said, but the correct spelling is جنب); {wāḥad byºmorr biʔ¡azme lāzem wāḥad yºkūn janbo / jambo}
العَائِلَات مَرُّوا في أَوضَاع صَاعبِة جِدًّا [P] the families have gone through some very hard times; {‘il-ʕāʔilāt mɑrru fy ʔawḍᾱʕ ṣᾱʕbe jiddan˜}
مَرّ في فَترِة عِلَاج طَوِيْلِة [P] he has undergone a long period of treatment; {mɑrr fy fatre ʕilāj ṭɑwīle}
مَرّ بِالعَمَلِيِّة بْنَجَاح [S] He came through the
operation nicely
الوَقِت بيْمُرّ [P] time passes; {‘il-waqᵉt byºmorr}
مَرَّت عِشرِيْن سِنِة [P] twenty years have elapsed
To make (ه = s.o.) win (ه = s.th.), earn (ه = s.o., ه = s.th.)
كَسَّب
سْلُوْكَو كَسَّبَو اِحْتِرَامِ الجَّمِيْع [S] His conduct earned him universal respect.
To scatter, disperse, break up, rout (ه = s.o. / s.th.)
شَتَّت، يْشَتِّت
تْشَتَّت، يِتشَتَّت
السُكَّانِ تْشَتَّتُوا [P] the inhabitants scattered
الشِّرْطَة شَتَّتَوا الجَمْهُوْر [E.G.] The police broke up the crowd
To make a mess (ه = of s.th.), to leave (ه = s.th.) in a mess
كَركَب، يْكَركِب
تْكَرْكِب / اِتْكَرْكِب / اِكَّرْكِب، يِتْكَرْكِب
كَركَبِ الغُرفِة [P] he made a mess of the room; {karkabᴵ-l-ġurfe}
بيْكَركِبِ السِيَّارَة [P] he leaves the car in a mess; {byºkarkebᴵ-s-siyyᾱrɑ}
لَيْش مْكَرْكِب [S] why did you make a mess?
To bother, annoy, upset, make unhappy (ه = s.o.)
قَهَر، يِقهَر
اْنقَهَر، يِنِقحِر
اْنقَهَر مِنِ الفَشَل [P] he was upset by his failure
هَادَا اِلّي بيْقهَرني [P] that is what upsets me; {hāda ‘illy byºqhɑrny}
سايْحَة وْنايْحَة مِن قَهْرَهْا عَلَيه [L] melting and crying from her upsetness over (what happened) to him;
To groan, moan
أَنّ، يْئِنّ
المَرِيْض عَمَّال يْئِنّ [P] the patient constantly groans; {‘il-mɑrīḍ ʕammāl yºʔenn}
ضَلّ يْئِنّ طُوْلِ اللَيْل [P] he moaned all night; {ḍɑll yºʔenn ṭūlᴵ-l-lēl}
كِنِت عَم اِسْمَعَو يْئِنّ بِالأُوْضَة التَّانْيِة [S] I could hear him moaning in the next room
حاجْتَك أَنِيْن [S] Quit moaning
أَنِّ بْنَوْمَو [S] He groaned in his sleep
To become acclimatized, get used (على = to) (intransitive)
تْأَقْلَم / اِتْأَقْلِم، يِتْأَقْلِم
شِوَيَّة شْوَيَّة تْأَقْلَمِت على حِيَاتِي [E] bit by bit I got used to my life
To undermine, weaken, ruin, upset
ضَعْضَع، يْضَعْضِع
تْضَعْضَع، يِتْضَعْضَع
زَعزَع، يْزَعزِع
تْزَعزَع، يِتزَعزَع
مَركَزهَا تْزَعزَع في العَيْلِة [P] her standing in the family was shaken / undermined
بيْزَعزِعِ الحُكُم [P] to shakes (undermines) the regime; {byºzaʕzeʕᴵ-l-ḥukᵒm}
هَادَا زَعزَع ثِقَتُو فِيِّ [P] they shook his faith in me
صِحّْتَه تْضَعْضَعِت مِن شِرْبِ التِّرْيَاك [I] His health was weakened by smoking opium.
ضَعْضَعِتِ المَيز مِن قَدّ (گَدّ) ما تْهِزَّه [I] You’ve weakened the table by shaking it so much,
خَلِّيه قاعِد (گاعِد( بْمُكَانَه، لا تْضَعْضِعَه [I] Leave it sitting where it is. Don’t disturb it.
To set, lay down (ه = s.th.)
وَضَع، يُوْضَع
أَنَا مُو غَيْرِي بُوْضَعِ القَوَاعِد هَوْن [S] I lay down
the rules here
وَضَع حَدّ لَ [S] to put an end to
ما فِيكُن بَقَى تُوْضَعُوا حَدّ لَهَالأَخِد وِالرَّد [S] Can’t you put an end to this arguing?
لازِم أُوْضَع حَدّْ لَهَالـمَسْخَرَة [S] I’ll have to put an end to that nonsense
ما بْتِقْدِر تُوْضَع حَدّْ لَهالعَلْك [S] Can’t you put a stop to that talk?
To fight (ه = over s.th.)
خَصَم، يِخْصُم
مْنِخْصُم هالشَّغْلِة بِالاِجْتِمَاعِ الجَّايِ —— يَا نِحْنَا يا هِنِّة [S] We’ll fight this thing out at the next meeting
خَلِّيْهُن يِخِصْمُوْهَا بَيْن بَعْضُهْن [S] Let them fight it out by themselves,
To take about
برَّم ، يبرِّم
To run wild
تْوَحَّش
الكَلْبِ تْوَحَّش مِن وَقِت ما صَاحْبَو [S] The dog has run wild since his master died
To give (ه = s.o.) a gift (ه = a gift)
هَدَى، يِهْدِي
اْنْهَدَى / يِنْهَدَا
هايْدِي بْتِنْهَدَا لِـمَلِك [V] this could be gifted to a king;
هَدَانِي كْتَاب [E.G.] He gave me a book as a gift
To terrify, frighten (ه = s.o.)
رَعَّب، يْرَعِّب
رَعَّبْنِي [S] He terrified me
To make (ه = s.o.) kneel down
رَكَّع
To fight
قَاْتَل / گَاْتَل، يْقَاْتِل / يْگَاْتِل
To befriend, make a friend of, be friends with (ه = s.o.)
To take as a boyfriend / girlfriend (ه = s.o.)
صَاحَب، يْصَاحِب
بيْحِبّ يْصَاحْبُو [P] he wants to be friends with him, he wants to befriend him; {byºḥebb yºṣᾱḥºbo}
ما بِيْصَاحِبِ النَّاس بِسْهُوْلِة [S] He doesn’t make friends easily
To improvise, extemporize, deliver off-hand
اْرْتِجَل، يِرْتِجِل
الشَّاعِرِ اْرْتِجَل قَصِيدَة مْمْتَازَة [I] The poet made up a wonderful poem on the spot
To excel, be outstanding (في = at s.th.)
بَرَع، يِبْرَع
To limit (ه = s.th.)
اْقْتَصَر، يِقْتِصِر
اْقْتِصِر كَلَامَك بِتْلِتْةْ دَقَايِق مِن فَضْلَك [S] Please limit your talk to three minutes
To trespass
To overstep
تْخَطَّى، يِتْخَطَّى
مَا فيك تِتْخَطَّى هالحَاجِز!
• Pronunciation: ma fīk titkhaṭṭā hal-ḥājez!
• Meaning: “You can’t trespass this barrier!”
• هُوّ تْخَطَّى الحُدُود بِلا إذْن.
• Pronunciation: huwwe tkhaṭṭā l-ḥudūd billa ʾizn.
• Meaning: “He trespassed the border without permission.”
• لا تِتْخَطَّى الحُدُود مَع الحَكِي.
• Pronunciation: lā titkhaṭṭā l-ḥudūd maʿ l-ḥakī.
• Meaning: “Don’t overstep boundaries with your words.”
• هالشَّخص بِتْخَطَّى القَوَانِين كِل مَرّة.
• Pronunciation: hal-shakhs bitkhaṭṭā l-qawānīn kill marra.
• Meaning: “This person oversteps the rules every time.”
كِنْت عَم تِتْخَطَّى أَرْضِي [S] You were trespassing on my property
To become defective, develop a fault
اْختَلّ، يِختِلّ / يَختِلّ
اْختَلّ عَقلُو [P] he went mad (his mind developed a disorder)
To be rooted (ب = in)
تَجَذَّر
Emotional outburst, tantrum, conniption
كرِيْزَة
صَابَتهَا كرِيْزَة [P] she had a temper tantrum; {ṣᾱbatha krīza}
لَمَّا بِتصِيْبُو كرِيْزَة [P] when he has an emotional outburst / a fit of temper
To behave in an artificial, affected, stilted manner
تْصَنَّع، يِتْصَنَّع
شْ دَعْوَة تِتْصَنَّع بْحَكْيَك (بْحَچْيَك) [I] How come you’re so affected in your speech?
To cover, protect (على = s.th., especially said to cover one’s body parts)
سَتَّر، يْسَتِّر
المَرَة بِتسَتِّر عَلَى سِدِرهَا [P] the woman covers her bosom; {‘il-mɑrɑ bitsatter ʕala sidᵉrha}
المَرَة، سِدِرهَا بِتضَلّهَا مْسَتّْرِة عَلَيْه [P] women keep their bosoms covered; {‘il-mɑrɑ، sidᵉrha bitḍɑllha mºsattºre ʕalēᴴ}
عَم بِتْسَتِّر عَ بِنْتَها [L] she’s covering up for her daughter
To be proven (على = s.th.) (impersonal passive of بَرْهَن , as in, the subject shows on the preposition, not on the noun itself)
تْبَرْهَن / اِتْبَرْهَن، يِتْبَرْهَن
ثَبَت، يِثْبِت
الكلام دا اْتْبَرْهَن عليه [E] that claim was proved
ثِبَت إِنّ هِيَ چَلَّاخَة [E.G.] It was established that she’s a liar
ثِبَت لِي إِنّ [E.G.] it was proven to me that…
ثِبَت لي إِنّ هُوَ البَوَّاق (البَوَّاگ) [E.G.] It was proved to me that he was the thief
To drain (ه = s.th.)
To exhaust, consume, use up (ه = s.th.)
اْسْتَنْزَف
اْسْتَنْفَذ / اْسْتَنْفَد
اْسْتَنْفَذِت كِلِّ الإِمْكَانِيَّات [S] I’ve exhausted all possibilities
مَصَارِيْف (مَصَرِيْف) الِحْكُومِة الهائِلِة اْسْتَنْزَفِتِ الأَمْوَالِ الاِحْتِيَاطِيِّة بِخْزانِةِ الدَّوْلِة [S] The Government’s wild spending has drained the Treasury of its capital reserves
To protect from harm, provide protective cover (ه = to s.o. / s.th.)
سَتَر، يُستُر
بِدُّو يُستُر بِنتُو [P] he wants to protect his daughter’s good name (i.e. he wants to marry her off, keep her at home, etc.); {biddo yustor binto}
الله يُستُر [P] God forbid! God protect (us)!; {‘ɑllɑ yustor}
الله سَتَر [P] God protected (us / him / etc.); {‘ɑllɑ sɑtɑr}
وَالله اَلله سَتَر [S] That was a close shave! (By God, God protected)
To frame (ه = s.th.), put a frame around something;
بَرْوَز، يْبَرْوِز
بِدِّي اْبَرْوِز هالصُّوْرَة [S] I’d like to have this picture framed
حُطّهَا في بُروَاز، يَعني بَروِز لي اْيَّاهَ [P] put it in a frame, in other words frame it for me; {ḥoṭṭha fy burwāz، yaʕny barwez ly ‘ºyyāha}
الصُوْرَة مْبَروَزِة [P] the picture is framed
To misuse, abuse (ه = s.th.)
سَاْء، يَسِيْء
ساء مْعَامَلْة حَدَا = قِسِي عَلى حَدَا [S] to abuse s.o., be cruel to s.o., to mistreat s.o.
بِيْسِيْءِ مْعامَلْةْ مَرْتَو = بْيِقْسَى على مَرْتَو [S] He abuses his wife.
ساء اِسْتِعْمَال شِي [S] to abuse / misuse something
هُوِّ عَم يْسِيْء اِسْتِعْمَال صَلَاحِيَّاتَو [S] He’s abusing his authority,
To privatise
خَصْخَص، يخَصْخِص
To make (ه = s.o.) sad, grieve (ه = s.o.)
حَزَّن، يْحَزِّن
مَوْتَه حَزَّنْنِي واجِد (وايِد) [E.G.] his death saddened me a lot
To deviate, stray (من / عن = from)
حَرَف، يِحْرِف
بْتِحرِف عَن / مِنِ الخَطّ [P] you’re deviating from the line (e.g. when cutting something along a line)
To line (ه = s.th., e.g. a blanket or coat)
To put a lining, line (ه = s.th., e.g. a garment)
بَطَّن، يْبَطِّن
الكَبُّوْتِ مْبَطَّن [P] the coat is lined
الجاكَيْت مْبَطَّن بْطَانِة حَرِير نَبَاتِي [S] The jacket is lined with rayon
To be feared, dreaded (من = s.th.)
اْنْخَاْف، يِنْخَاْف
• هيدا الرجال بينخاف منو. • Pronunciation: hayda l-rijjāl byinkhāf minno. • Meaning: “This man is feared.”
To make sleepy, drowsy (ه = s.o.)
نَعَّس، يْنَعِّس
الشَّوْب عَم يْنَعِّسْنِي [S] The heat is making me sleepy
دايْمًاِ العَشَا التّْقِيل بِيْنَعِّسْنِي [S] A heavy dinner always makes me drowsy,
لَمَّا بيْحكي، بيْنَعِّسني [P] when he talks, he makes me sleepy
To realize, be aware, come to know (ه = s.th.)
To realize, understand, become aware of (ه = s.th.)
دِري، يِدرَى
أَدْرَك، يِدْرِك
دْرِيْت فِيْهَا مْبَارِح [S] I got wind of it yesterday,
درِيْت شُ شَار [P] did you know what had happened?; {drīt šu šᾱr}
لَا مِن شَاف وَلَا مِن دِري [P] no one saw and no one knew (i.e.without anyone knowing;); {lā men šāf wala men diry}
سَرَق إِشي مِنِ البَيْت وْ رَاح لَا مِن شَاف وَلَا مِن دِري [P] he stole something from the house and got away without anyone knowing {saraq ʔišy minᴵ-l-bēt wº rᾱḥ la men šāf walā men diry}
دَرْيَان هُوِّ قَدَّيْشَو ضْعِيف [S] Does he realize how sick he is
To cherish, hold dear (ه = s.o.)
عَزّ، يْعِزّ
آني أَعِزَّك هْوَايَا [I] I hold you very dear
To cover with dust (ه = s.th.)
غَبَّر، يْغَبِّر
السَيَّارَة غَبَّرَتِ البَيْت [P] the (passing) car filled the house with dust; {‘is-sayyᾱrɑ ġɑbbɑrɑtᴵ-l-bēt}
الشَارِع بيْغَبِّر عَلَيْنَا [P] the street covers us with dust
To deliberate (ب = s.th.)
تْدَاْوَل (دَّاْوَل)، يِتْدَاْوَل (يِدَّاْوَل)
الـِمْحَلَّفِيْن عَم يِتْدَاوَلُوا بْقَضِيْتَو هَلَّق [S] The jury is deliberating his case now
To try (ب = a case)
To look, view (ب = into s.th.)
To look, take a look (ل = at s.th.)
نَظَر، يِنْظُر
أَنُو قَاضِي عَم بْيِنْظُر بِالدَّعْوَى [S] Which judge is trying the case?
لازِم نِنْظُر بْهالمَسْأَلِة = هالمَسْأَلِة بِدَّهْا نَظَر [S] We’ll have to look into the matter
عَم نِنْظُر بِالوَضْعِ بْاِهْتِمَام بَالِغ [S] We view the
situation with great concern
إِذَا نَظَرنَا لَلوَاقِع [P] if we take a look a at the reality of the situation; { ʔi∂a nɑẓɑrna lalwᾱʠeʕ}
هِيِّ بْتُنظُر لَلحَيَاه نَظرَة إِيْجَبِيِة [P] she looks at life positively
To make excuses, to find an excuse
تْحَجَّج، يِتْحَجَّج
لَيْن قالَت لَه تْأَخَّر قام (گام) يِتْحَجَّج [E.G.] when she told him he was late, he started to make excuses
دايْمًا يِتْحَجَّج بْشُغْلَه [E.G.] He always uses his work as an excuse.
تْحَجَّج بْمَرَضَه [E.G.] he used his illness as an excuse
بَسّْ تُطْلُب مِنَّه شِي يْقُوم (يْگُوم) ِتْحَجَّج [I] Just ask him for something, and he begins to make excuses.
لا تِتْحَجَّجِ بْتَعْبَك [I] Don’t use your tiredness as an excuse.
To expand, dilate, inflate, swell up
تْضَخَّم، يِتْضَخَّم
الأَورِدِة بْتِتضَخَّم [P] the veins dilate / swell up
To grant citizenship to (ه = s.o.)
جَنَّس، يجَنِّس
تْجَنَّس، يِتْجَنَّس
رَحَ اتْجَنَّس بِالجِّنْسِيَّة العِرَاقِيَّة [I] I’m going to get naturalized with Iraqi citizenship.
To authenticate, certify (ه = s.th., e.g. a document)
وَثَّق / وَثَّگ، يْوَثِّق / يْوَثِّگ
تْوَثَّق / تْوَثَّگ، يِتْوَثَّق / يِتْوَثَّگ
وَثَّق (وَثَّگ) شَهَادَاتَه [E.G.] He had his certificates authenticated
راح السَّفَارَة لاجِل (لَجِل) يْوَثِّق (يْوَثِّگ) شَهَادَاتَه مِنْهَا [E.G.] he went to the embassy to have his certificates authenticated
To take off (plane)
قِلِع ، يِقلَع
الطيّارة بْتِقْلَعْ بَعِد شْوَيّ.
• Pronunciation: el-ṭayyāra btʾlaʿ baʿed shwayy.
• Meaning: “The plane is taking off soon.”
الطيّارة قِلِعِتْ عَالوَقِت.
• Pronunciation: el-ṭayyāra ʾileʿit ʿal-waʾet.
• Meaning: “The plane took off on time.”
To dominate, have power over (على = over)
هَيْمِن
