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Anatomy 205 > Scalp > Flashcards

Scalp Flashcards

1
Q

Definition

A

Region covering skull vault.

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2
Q

Extent

A

Superciliary arches (eyebrows) anterior TO superior nuchal lines posterior AND superior temporal lines on each side.

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3
Q

Superficial to deep layers (5)

A
  1. Skin
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Epicranial aponeurosis
  4. Loose areolar tissue (sub-aponeurotic)
  5. Pericranium
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4
Q

Skin

A

Contains:
1. Hair follicles
2. Sebaceous glands
Firmly adherent to underlying layer.

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5
Q

Connective tissue

A

Senses fibrous tissue binding skin to 3rd layer.
It contains:
1. Vessels and nerves of the scalp
2. Rich in fat and fibrous septa

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6
Q

Epicranial aponeurosis

A

Wide tendon connecting frontal and occipital bellies of occipitofrontalis muscle.

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7
Q

Epicranial aponeurosis attachment anterior

A

Frontal bellies

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8
Q

Epicranial aponeurosis attachment posterior

A
  1. Occipital bellies
  2. External occipital protuberance
  3. Highest nuchal lines
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9
Q

Epicranial aponeurosis attachment on each side

A

Superior temporal lines

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10
Q

Loose areolar tissue

A

Facilitates movement of aponeurosis.

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11
Q

Pericranium

A

Periosteum covering skull vault and is adherent to suture lines.

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12
Q

Applied anatomy CT

A
  1. Infection in CT is limited due to fibrous septa presence.
  2. Cut wound leads to severe bleeding due to rich blood supply and inability of arteries to contract due to its attachment to fibrous septa.
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13
Q

Applied anatomy loose areolar tissue

A
  1. Loose areolar tissue is scalp dangerous area because infection can pass into cranial cavity via emissary veins present in it.
  2. Hemorrhage from emissary veins is large and separates scalp from skull bones.
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14
Q

Nerve supply

A

10 nerves on each side
5 in front of auricle
1. 4 sensory (trigeminal 5th cranial)
2. 1 motor (from facial nerve)
5 behind auricle
1. 4 sensory (C2 and C3 spinal nerves)
2. 1 motor (facial nerve)

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15
Q

4 sensory in front of auricle

A
  1. Supratrochlear nerve
  2. Supraorbital nerve
  3. Zygomaticotemporal nerve
  4. Auriculotemporal nerve
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16
Q

Motor in front of auricle

A

Temporal nerve

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17
Q

Sensory behind auricle

A
  1. Great auricular nerve: C2 and C3
  2. Lesser occipital: C2
  3. Greater occipital: C2
  4. Third occipital: C3
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18
Q

Motor behind auricle

A

Posterior auricular nerve

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19
Q

Supratrochlear and supraorbital nerve origin

A

Frontal branch ophthalmic nerve

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20
Q

Supratrochlear and supraorbital nerve supply

A
  1. Scalp anterior part
  2. Upper eyelid
  3. Forehead near median plane (Supratrochlear nerve)
  4. Scalp till lamboid suture (supraorbital nerve)
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21
Q

Supratrochlear nerve course

A

Passes through orbit superomedial angle

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22
Q

supraorbital nerve course

A

Passes through Supraorbital notch

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23
Q

Zygomatictemporal nerve origin and course

A
  1. From zygomatic branch maxillary nerve
  2. Reaches scalp through Zygomaticotemporal foramen
24
Q

Zygomaticotemporal nerve supply

A

Anterior part temple

25
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve origin and course

A
  1. From posterior division mandibular nerve
  2. Leaves parotid upper end
  3. Passes in front of auricle
26
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve supply

A
  1. Upper 2/3 of auricle lateral surface
  2. Posterior part temple
27
Q

Temporal nerve course

A
  1. Leaves parotid
  2. Crosses zygomatic arch
28
Q

Temporal nerve supply

A
  1. Frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
  2. Orbicularis oculi upper part
29
Q

4 sensory behind auricle nerve supply

A
  1. Back of auricle
  2. Back of scalp
  3. Upper part back of neck
30
Q

Greater auricular nerve supply

A

C2 and C3
1. Small part of scalp near auricle lower part

31
Q

Lesser occipital nerve supply

A

C2
1. Small part scalp back near auricle upper part

32
Q

Greater occipital nerve supply

A

C2
1. Upper part scalp back

33
Q

Third occipital

A

C3
1. Lower part scalp back
2. Upper part neck back

34
Q

Posterior auricular nerve supply

A

Occipital belly occipitofrontalis

35
Q

Atrial supply anterior part

A

2 arteries from ophthalmic artery of ICA
1. Supratrochlear artery
2. Supraorbital artery

36
Q

Atrial supply lateral part

A

1 artery ECA one of its 2 terminals
1. Superficial temporal artery

37
Q

Atrial supply posterior part

A

2 arteries ECA
1. Posterior auricular artery
2. Occipital artery

38
Q

Venous drainage anterior part

A

2 veins
1. Supratrochlear vein
2. Supraorbital vein

39
Q

Venous drainage lateral part

A

1 vein
1. Superficial temporal vein

40
Q

Venous drainage posterior part

A

2 veins
1. Posterior auricular vein
2. Occipital vein

41
Q

Supratrochlear artery and Supraorbital artery blood supply

A
  1. Scalp anterior part
  2. Anastomose with superficial temporal artery branches
42
Q

Superficial temporal artery course

A
  1. Leaves parotid upper end
  2. Ascends in front of auricle
  3. Crosses zygomatic arch
  4. Ends 5 cm above zygomatic arch
  5. Divide into frontal and parietal tortuous branches
43
Q

Superficial temporal artery blood supply

A
  1. Scalp side
  2. Anastomose with other arteries forming collateral circulation between ICA and ECA
44
Q

Superficial temporal artery branches

A

Divide into frontal and parietal tortuous branches
1. Parotid
2. TMJ
3. Transverse facial artery
4. Zygomaticorbital artery
5. Middle temporal artery
6. Anterior auricular artery

45
Q

Anterior auricular artery blood supply

A
  1. Auricle front
  2. External auditory meatus
46
Q

Posterior auricular artery and occipital artery blood supply

A
  1. Scalp back
47
Q

Posterior auricular artery and occipital artery course

A
  1. Pass upwards and backwards
  2. Deep to digastric posterior belly
48
Q

Supratrochlear and Supraorbital vein course

A
  1. Unite at medial angle eye
  2. Form anterior facial vein
49
Q

Superficial temporal vein course

A
  1. Enters parotid upper end
  2. Unite with maxillary vein
  3. Form posterior facial vein (retromandibular vein)
50
Q

Posterior auricular vein drainage

A
  1. Back auricle
  2. Back scalp
51
Q

Posterior auricular vein course

A
  1. Unite with posterior division posterior facial vein
  2. Form external jugular vein (EJV)
52
Q

Occipital vein drainage

A
  1. Scalp back into sub occipital venous plexus in sub occipital triangle
53
Q

Lymphatic drainage anterior part

A

Submandibular lymph node

54
Q

Lymphatic drainage lateral part

A

Parotid lymph node

55
Q

Lymphatic drainage posterior part

A
  1. Mastoid lymph node
  2. Occipital lymph node

Anatomy 205 (197 decks)

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