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Anatomy 205 > Posterior Triangle > Flashcards

Posterior Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

Boundries

A
  1. Anterior
  2. Posterior
  3. Below (base)
  4. Above (apex)
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2
Q

Anterior

A

Posterior border sternomastoid

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3
Q

Posterior

A

Anterior border trapezius

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4
Q

Base

A

Middle 1/3 clavicle

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5
Q

Apex

A

Attachment of sternomastoid and trapezius to superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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6
Q

Roof

A
  1. Skin
  2. Superficial fascia
  3. Deep investing fascia
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7
Q

Superficial fascia

A

Contains:
1. Platysma
2. EJV

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8
Q

Deep investing fascia

A

Pierced by:
1. EJV: 1inch above clavicle
2. Cervical plexus cutaneous: at middle of sternomastoid posterior border
3. Supraclavicular nerves: just above clavicle
Spinal root accessory nerve is embedded in it

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9
Q

Floor contents

A
  1. Muscles (from below):
    - scalneus medius
    - Levator scapulae
    - splenius capitis
  2. Deep (prevertebral) fascia: covering muscles of the floor
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10
Q

Contents

A
  1. Muscles
  2. Nerves
  3. Arteries
  4. Veins
  5. Lymph nodes
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11
Q

Muscles

A

Inferior belly omohyoid

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12
Q

Nerves

A
  1. Trunks of brachial plexus
  2. Cutaneous branches of cervical plexus
  3. Muscular branches of cervical plexuses
  4. Spinal root accessory nerve
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13
Q

Arteries

A
  1. 3rd part subclavian artery
  2. Suprascapular artery
  3. Transverse cervical artery
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14
Q

Veins

A

Lower part EJV

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15
Q

Lymph nodes

A

Along
1. Posterior border sternomastoid
2. Anterior border trapezius
3. Transverse cervical vessels
4. Spinal root of accessory nerve

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16
Q

Inferior belly omohyoid

A
  1. Slender muscle
  2. 2 1/2 cm above clavicle
  3. Divides triangle into:
    - Above: subclavian (supraclavicular)
    - Below: occipital
17
Q

Trunks of brachial plexus

A
  1. Upper
  2. Middle
  3. Lower
    In lower part triangle
18
Q

Cutaneous branches of cervical plexus

A

Appear at middle of sternomastoid posterior border and pierce roof deep fascia to supply skin:
1. Lesser occipital (C2)
2. Great auricular (C2,3)
3. Transverse cutaneous nerve neck (C2,3)
4. Supraclavicular (C3,4)

19
Q

Lesser occipital

A

C2
Ascends along sternomastoid posterior border to skin on scalp back and upper 1/3 of auricle back

20
Q

Great auricular

A

C2,3
Runs upwards and forwards on sternomastoid to skin on:
1. Parotid
2. Mandible angle
3. Mastoid process
4. Lower 1/3 of auricle lateral surface
5. Lower 2/3 auricle medial surface

21
Q

Transverse cutaneous nerve neck

A

C2,3
Runs transversely across sternomastoid towards midline and divides into:
1. Upper branch
2. Lower branch
To neck anterior part

22
Q

Supraclavicular

A

C3,4
Descends as 3 branches which pierce roof deep fascia a little above clavicle then cross clavicle to skin of chest as far as sternal angle and upper 1/2 deltoid

23
Q

Muscular branches of cervical plexus

A

To
1. Sternomastoid
2. Trapezius
3. Levator scapulae
4. Scalene muscles
5. Diaphragm (phrenic nerve)

24
Q

Spinal root accessory nerve

A
  1. Appears at middle of sternomastoid posterior border
  2. Passes downwards and backwards over Levator scapulae (in deep fascia roof) to disappear undercover trapezius (5cm above clavicle
  3. Supplies:
    - sternomastoid
    - trapezius
25
Q

3rd part subclavian artery

A

In lower part of triangle in front of brachial plexus lower trunk

26
Q

Suprascapular artery

A
  1. Branch of thryocervical trunk (1st part subclavian artery)
  2. Crosses triangle very close to clavicle
27
Q

Transverse cervical artery

A
  1. Branch of thyrocervical trunk (1st part of subclavian artery)
  2. Crosses triangle above Suprascapular artery
  3. End at Levator scapulae anterior border by dividing into:
    - superficial branch
    - deep branch
28
Q

Lower part EJV

A
  1. Descends in triangle lower part in front of brachial plexus trunks
  2. End in subclavian vein
  3. Receives:
    - Suprascapular vein
    - transverse cervidak vein
    - anterior jugular vein

Anatomy 205 (197 decks)

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