Anterior Cerebral Artery

Question 1

Origin

Answer 1

Anterior perforated substance as smaller of 2 terminal branches of ICA

Question 2

Course

Answer 2

1. Passes forwards and medial
2. Reach anterior part of median longitudinal cerebral fissure
3. Becomes in close relation with its fellow of opposite site
4. Become connected to each other by short anterior communicating artery
5. Turns sharply upwards
6. Reaches cerebral hemisphere medial surface
7. Runs in callosal sulcus lying 1st below corpus rostrum
8. Curving upwards in front of genu
9. Finally backwards along upper surface of corpus body reaching selenium where it ends

Question 3

End

Answer 3

By turning upwards anterior to parieto-occipital sulcus becoming cortical artery

Question 4

Branches

Answer 4

1. Cortical branches
2. Central branches
3. Branches to septal region
4. Callosal branches

Question 5

Cortical branches

Answer 5

1. Medial 1/2 of hemisphere orbital surface
2. Hemisphere medial surface from frontal pole back to parieto-occipital sulcus
3. Upper 1 inch of hemisphere lateral surface

Question 6

Central branches

Answer 6

Penetrate anterior perforated substance to supply:
1. Corpus striatum anterior part
2. Anterior part of internal capsule anterior limb

Question 7

Septal region branches

Answer 7

Including septum pellucidum

Question 8

Callosal branches

Answer 8

Supply all corpus callosum parts except splenium (supplied by posterior cerebral artery)

Question 9

Clinical importance: supply

Answer 9

ACA supplies 3 important regions
1. Motor and sensory areas for lower limb and perineum
2. Septal region
(Lesion results in prolonged unconsciousness)

Question 10

Clinical importance: corpus callosum

Answer 10

It’s lesion may result in apraxia (inability to do purposeful movements, while muscles concerned are not paralyzed)