Digastric Muscle: Tongue Extrinsic Muscles Flashcards
Tongue extrinsic muscles
- Styloglossus
- Palatoglossus
- Genioglossus
- Hyoglossus
Palatoglossus origin
Lower surface palatine aponeurosis
Palatoglossus insertion
Side of posterior part tongue
Palatoglossus nerve supply
Pharyngeal plexus (cranial root accessory via pharyngeal branch vagus)
Palatoglossus action
- Elevates tongue
- Closes oropharyngeal isthmus
Genioglossus origin
Upper genial tubercle mandible
Genioglossus insertion
- Upper and middle fibers: ventral surface tongue
- Lower fibers: anterior surface hyoid body
Genioglossus nerve supply
Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus action
One muscle: protrudes tongue to opposite side
Both muscles
1. Protrude tongue forwards
2. Depresses central part tongue
3. Prevent tongue from falling backwards and obstructing air pathway during sleep
Hyoglossus origin
Upper surface greater horn and front hyoid body
Hyoglosssus insertion
Posterior 1/2 of tongue side
Hyoglossus nerve supply
Hypoglossal nerve
Hyoglossus action
Depresses posterior 1/2 tongue against mouth floor in sucking
Relations Hyoglossus muscle: superficially (lateral)
- Styloglosssus
- Lingual nerve
- Submandibular ganglion
- Deep part submandibular gland and its duct
- Hypoglossal nerve and its vena comitants
- Suprahyoid artery
Relations Hyoglossus muscle: anterior
- Geniohyoid
- Genioglosssus
- Sublingual gland
- 3rd part lingual artery and it’s sublingual branch
