Basal Ganglia (Nuclei)

Question 1

Basal ganglia

Answer 1

Grey matter collections which are deeply placed inside cerebral hemisphere white matter

Question 2

Components

Answer 2

1. Corpus striatum (formed of caudate and lentiform nuclei)
2. Amygdaloid nucleus (smell center)
3. Claustrum

Question 3

Caudate nucleus

Answer 3

C-shaped mass of grey matter partly exposed in ventricular wall and partly buried in hemisphere

Question 4

Caudate nucleus is formed of

Answer 4

1. Head
2. Body
3. Tail

Question 5

Head

Answer 5

1. Large anterior end
2. Forms lateral wall and floor of lateral ventricle anterior horn

Question 6

Head laterally

Answer 6

it is separated from lentiform nucleus by internal capsule

Question 7

Head inferiorly

Answer 7

Becomes continuous with putamen anterior end of lentiform nucleus and anterior perforated substance grey matter

Question 8

Body

Answer 8

1. Forms lateral part of body floor of lateral ventricle
2. It’s lateral aspect is related to internal capsule

Question 9

Tail

Answer 9

1. Present in inferior horn roof of lateral ventricle
2. Terminates in amygdaloid nucleus in most anterior part of inferior horn roof

Question 10

Lentiform nucleus

Answer 10

Completely embedded in hemisphere
Consists of 2 parts:
1. Putamen
2. Globus pallidus

Question 11

Putamen

Answer 11

Larger darker lateral part

Question 12

Globus pallidus

Answer 12

Smaller pale medial part

Question 13

Globus pallidus is subdivided by

Answer 13

1. Internal and external segments by internal medullary lamina
2. Both parts are separated by whitish streak

Question 14

Globus pallidus shape

Answer 14

Looks like a biconvex lens having two convex surfaces:
1. Lateral
2. Medial

Question 15

Lateral surface Globus pallidus

Answer 15

1. Slightly convex
2. Related to external capsule which separates it from claustrum

Question 16

Medial surface Globus pallidus

Answer 16

1. Markedly convex
2. Related to internal capsule which separates it from thalamus and caudate nucleus

Question 17

Lentiform nucleus relation

Answer 17

It is related to 2 capsules:
1. Internal capsule
2. External capsule

Question 18

Amygdaloid nucleus

Answer 18

1. Smell center
2. It’s axons forms stria terminalis which ends in hypothalamus

Question 19

Amygdaloid nucleus site

Answer 19

1. Lies mostly in uncus at anterior end of caudate nucleus tail in inferior horn roof of lateral ventricle
2. Fuses with cerebral cortex lateral to anterior perforated substance

Question 20

Amygdaloid nucleus shape

Answer 20

Small round mass

Question 21

External capsule

Answer 21

Thin layer of white matte covering lentiform nucleus lateral surface and separating it from claustrum

Question 22

Claustrum

Answer 22

1. Thin grey matter layer between lentiform nucleus lateral surface and insula
2. Separated from lentiform nucleus by external capsule and from insula by extreme capsule

Question 23

Blood supply of corpus striatum

Answer 23

1. Anterior cerebral artery
2. Middle cerebral artery
3. Anterior choroidal artery (branch of ICA)

Question 24

Anterior cerebral artery supply

Answer 24

1. Anterior part of corpus striatum
2. Anterior part of internal capsule anterior limb
   By central branches

Question 25

Middle cerebral artery supply

Answer 25

1. Rest of corpus striatum
2. Posterior part of anterior limb
3. Genu
4. Anterior part of internal capsule posterior limb
   By central (striate) branches

Question 26

Anterior choroidal artery supply

Answer 26

1. Caudate tail
2. Amygdaloid nucleus