Lateral Vertebral Muscles

Question 1

Lateral vertebral muscles

Answer 1

1. Scalenus anterior
2. Scalenus medius (largest and longest)
3. Scalenus posterior

Question 2

Scalenus anterior origin

Answer 2

Anterior tubercles of C3,4,5,6 transverse processes

Question 3

Scalenus anterior insertion

Answer 3

Scalene tubercle and adjoining ridge on 1st rib upper surface

Question 4

Scalenus anterior nerve supply

Answer 4

C4,5,6 nerves

Question 5

Scalenus anterior action

Answer 5

1. Bends neck lateral
2. Helps in 1st rib elevation in forced respiration

Question 6

Scalenus medius origin

Answer 6

All cervical transverses

Question 7

Scalenus medius o insertion

Answer 7

1st rib upper surface between its tubercle and subclavian are teary groove

Question 8

Scalenus medius nerve supply

Answer 8

Lower 6 cervical nerve 3-8

Question 9

Scalenus medius action

Answer 9

Bends neck towards same side

Question 10

Scalenus posterior

Answer 10

Smallest deepest

Question 11

Scalenus posterior origin

Answer 11

Posterior tubercles of C4,5,6 transverse processes

Question 12

Scalenus posterior insertion

Answer 12

Outer border and surface of 2nd rib behind Serratus anterior

Question 13

Scalenus posterior nerve supply

Answer 13

Lower 3 cervical nerves

Question 14

Scalenus posterior action

Answer 14

Bends neck towards same side

Question 15

Scalenus anterior: anterior relations

Answer 15

3 muscles:
1. Sternomastoid
2. Subclavius
3. Intermediate tendon omohyoid
3 arteries:
1. Transverse cervical artery
2. Suprascapular artery
3. Ascending cervical artery
3 veins:
1. IJV
2. Anterior jugular vein (terminal part)
3. Subclavian vein (near insertion)
3 structures:
1. Phrenic nerve (crosses muscle from lateral to medial)
2. Deep cervical lymph nodes
3. Clavicle

Question 16

Scalenus anterior: posterior relations

Answer 16

1. 2nd part subclavian artery
2. Brachial plexus roots
3. Scalenus medius

Question 17

Scalenus anterior: lateral relations

Answer 17

1. 3rd part subclavian artery
2. Brachial plexus trunks

Question 18

Scalenus anterior: medial relations

Answer 18

Longus colli forms with scalenus anterior inverted v shaped space (vertebral triangle)

Question 19

Vertebral triangle

Answer 19

1. 1st part subclavian artery
2. Common carotid artery
3. Vertebral artery
4. Inferior thyroid artery
5. Sympathetic trunk and its inferior cervical ganglion
6. 7th and 8th cervical nerves
7. Thoracic duct

Question 20

1st part subclavian artery

Answer 20

With its branches:
1. Vertebral
2. Thyrocervical
3. Internal thoracic

Question 21

Vertebral artery

Answer 21

Ascends to enter C6 foramen transversarium

Question 22

Inferior thyroid artery

Answer 22

Crosses space from lateral to medial near its apex over vertebral artery

Question 23

Sympathetic trunk and its cervical ganglion

Answer 23

Posterior medial to vertebral artery

Question 24

Thoracic duct

Answer 24

On left side only