Joints Of Atlas And Axis: Atlanto-Axial Joints

Question 1

Atlanto-Axial joints

Answer 1

1. Two lateral atlanto-axial joints
2. Median atlanto-axial joint

Question 2

Two lateral atlanto-axial joints

Answer 2

1. Synovial plane joints
2. Between inferior articular facets of lateral masses atlas and superior facets on upper surface of axis body
3. Each has thin capsule attached around articular surfaces

Question 3

Median atlanto-axial joint

Answer 3

1. Synovial pivot joint
2. Between axis odontoid process and osseoligamentous ring formed by atlas arch and transverse ligament of atlas

Question 4

Movements

Answer 4

Rotation of atlas with skull round axis odontoid process

Question 5

Ligaments connecting axis with occipital bone

Answer 5

1. Membrana tectoria
2. Alar ligaments
3. Apical ligament

Question 6

Membrana tectoria

Answer 6

1. Upward continuation of posterior longitudinal ligament of vertebral column
2. Extend from back of axis body to upper surface of occipital bone basilar part in front of foramen magnum
3. It is broad membrane covering odontoid process, cruciform, and alar ligaments

Question 7

Alar ligaments

Answer 7

2 strong fibrous cords extending from sides of upper part odontoid process to occipital condyles medial sides

Question 8

Apical ligament

Answer 8

Short ligament extending from odontoid process tip to foramen magnum anterior margin