IMMUNITY DISEASE II TERMS Flashcards
bind peptide fragment of foreign proteins for presentation to appropriate antigen specific T cells
histocompatibility antigens (MHC-1: CD8; MHC-2: CD4)
expressed on all nucleated cells and platelets (not RBSc)
class I HLA antigens
found mainly on antigen presenting cells
class II HLA antigens
encode components of the complement system
class III genes
T cells of recipient recognize MHC molecules on surface of antigen presenting cells of donor
direct pathway of the T cell mediated reaction (Type IV)
similar to processing of foreign antigens (microbial)
indirect pathway of the T cell mediated reaction (Type IV)
preformed anti-donor antibodies are present in the circulation of the recipient present in multiparous women, rejected kidney, blood transfusions
endothelial damage, platelet and thrombin thrombi, neutrophil infiltration in glomerulus
hyperacute rejection
can occur within days of transplantation in the untreated without immunosuppression
may occur suddenly months or years later, after immunosuppression has been employed or terminated
two types: humoral and cellular rejection
acute rejection
present with progressive rise in serum creatinine levels over 4-6 months
chronic rejection
name this type of acute rejection:
mononuclear infiltrate, where the inflammatory cells in the interstitium and between epithelial cells
acute cellular rejection
name this type of acute rejection:
rejection vasculitis, inflammatory cells and proliferating smooth muscle cells in intima
acute humoral rejection
vascular lumen replaced by accumulation of smooth muscle cells and CT
graft atherosclerosis
name this deficiency in antibody production
failure of B cell precursors (pro and pre B cells) to differentiate into B cells
- maturation stops prior to production of light chains, so immunoglobulin molecules aren’t formed
- block due to mutations in a tyrosine kinase
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia
name this deficiency in antibody production
can be sporadic (mutation) or inherited (genetic-no single pattern of inheritance)
near normal numbers of B-cells in blood
recurrent pyogenic infections
high frequency of autoimmune disease
increased risk of lymphoid malignancy and gastric carcinoma
affects both sexes equally
common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)
name this deficiency of cell mediated immunity?
T cell deficiency due to failure of development of 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches
variable absence of cell mediated immune response, tetany, congenital defects of the heart
-dysmorphic facies
poor defense against fungal and viral infections
immunoglobulin levels tend to be normal or reduced
accompanied by 22q11 deletion syndrome
transplantation of fetal thymus
digeorge syndrome (thymic hypoplasia)
name this deficiency of cell mediated immunity?
constellation of genetically distinct syndromes, all having in common variable defects in both cellular and humoral immunity
severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)
name this immunodeficiency disease/syndrome?
retroviral disease characterized by profound immunosuppression that leads to opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, neurologic manifestations
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
completion of viral cell cycle occurs only on cell activation
integrated provirus
CD4 and CD8 are examples of?
T cell lymphocytes
decreased killing of tumor cells
natural killer cells
depressed Ig production in response to new antigens
B cell lymphocytes
low cytotoxic ability, reduced chemotaxis, reduced IL-1 secretion, poor antigen presentation
macrophages
wasting syndrome that leads to weight loss, muscle atrophy, fatigue/wekaness and significant loss of appetite in someone not actively trying to lose weight
cachexia
a pathologic proteinaceous substance that is deposited between cells in various tissues and organs
group of diseases having in common the deposition of similar appearing proteins
amyloidosis
