CNS PATHOLOGY HIGH YIELD IV

Question 1

what are the types of vascular malformations?

Answer 1

cavernous malformation
capillary telangiectasias
venous angiomas
arteriovenous malformations

Question 2

most common form of vascular malformation?

Answer 2

arteriovenous malformations

Question 3

what do arteriovenous malformations cause?

Answer 3

seizures
intracerebral hemorrhage
subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 4

where are arteriovenous malformations commonly seen?

Answer 4

middle cerebral a.

Question 5

what are the spinal cord pathologies?

Answer 5

spinal cord infarction

spinal cord trauma

Question 6

spinal cord infarction occurs commonly in the territory of the _____?

Answer 6

anterior spinal a.

Question 7

clinical signs of spinal cord infarction?

initially
after shock wears off

Answer 7

initially-flaccid, arcflexive paraparesis

spastic paraparesis

Question 8

spinal cord trauma is attributed too?

Answer 8

displacement of vertebral column

Question 9

spinocerebellar degenerations types?

Answer 9

spinocerebellar ataxia

friedreich ataxia

Question 10

spinocerebellar ataxia presents s/s referable to?

autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive?

Answer 10

cerebellum
brainstem
spinal cord
peripheral nerves

autosomal dominant

Question 11

Friedrich ataxia is autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive?

genetically, this is what trinucleotide repeat and encodes for what protein?

Answer 11

autosomal recessive

GAA
frataxin, mutations result in mitochondrial dysfunction