CONTROL OF CELLULAR GROWTH TERMS

Question 1

damaged area replaced by the same cell which was already there, works when reticular framework of organ I left intact, but only in certain organs (skin, GI tract, liver and kidney)

Answer 1

regeneration

Question 2

scar formation, loss of function

Answer 2

replacement by connective tissue

Question 3

decrease cells in population

Answer 3

increasing rate of cell death

Question 4

increase cells in populations

Answer 4

decreasing rate of cell death

Question 5

how quick are cells going through mitosis

Answer 5

changing rate of proliferation

Question 6

how many cells will mature rather than remain in a replicating form

Answer 6

changing rate of differentiation

Question 7

entry and progression of cells through cell cycle

Answer 7

normal cell proliferation

Question 8

hematopoietic cells like bone marrow, epithelia (skin, mucosa) that proliferate continuously throughout life replacing dead cells

Answer 8

continuously dividing (labile)

Question 9

liver, kidney, pancreases, vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts with low level of replications, G0 phase can be driven into G1 with injury

Answer 9

stable (quiescent)

Question 10

cardiac muscle, neurons

cannot undergo mitotic division in postnatal life
proliferation is insufficient for tissue regeneration

Answer 10

permanent (nondividing)

Question 11

embryos contain pluripotent stem cells which can produce all tissues of the human body

Answer 11

embryonic stem cells

Question 12

many adult tissues contain stem cells but the have. a more restricted differentiation capacity

Answer 12

adult stem cells

Question 13

a change in stem cell differentiation from one cell type to another

Answer 13

transdifferentiation

Question 14

multiplicity of stem cell differentiation options

Answer 14

developmental plasticity

Question 15

most GFs have pleiotropic (multiple) effects

Answer 15

polypeptide growth factors

Question 16

target receptors on the same cell

Answer 16

autocrine

Question 17

target receptors on neighboring cells

Answer 17

paracrine

Question 18

travel through bloodstream to affect cells all over body, systemic effects

Answer 18

endocrine

Question 19

binding of a growth factor to its specific receptor

Answer 19

ligand receptor binding

Question 20

form complexes with cyclins to perform their functions

Answer 20

cyclin dependent kinases

Question 21

surveillance mechanism

Answer 21

checkpoints

Question 22

cells stop dividing when in contact with other cells

Answer 22

contact inhibition