CNS PATHOLOGY TERMS III

Question 1

Morphology of Hypoxia

Answer 1

Global Cerebral Ischemia

Question 2

Watershed Infarcts

Answer 2

Wedge-shaped lesions that occur in the regions of the brain or spinal cord that lie
at most distal reaches of arterial blood supply (arterial border zones) as end
arterials are more greatly affected by drops in blood pressure

Usually seen after hypotensive episodes

Question 3

reduction or cessation of blood flow to a localized area of the brain

Answer 3

Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Question 4

results from embolitic occlusion

Answer 4

Non-hemorrhagic Cerebral Infarction

Question 5

results from reperfusion of ischemic tissue

Answer 5

Hemorrhagic Cerebral Infarction

Question 6

associated w/ hypertension, structural lesions (malformations), and tumors

Answer 6

Intracranial Hemorrhage

Question 7

deposition of amyloidogenic peptides in the walls of medium and small caliber meningeal and cortical vessels

Answer 7

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)

Question 8

result from a rupture of saccular aneurysm or from arteriovenous malformation

Saccular/Berry Aneurysms

Answer 8

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Question 9

Occurs commonly in territory of anterior spinal a.

Answer 9

Spinal Cord Infarction

Question 10

supplies anterior 2/3 of spine, supplied by limited # of vessels

Answer 10

Anterior Spinal a.

Question 11

○ Normally protected within bony vertebral canal but trauma can occur from its vertebral encasement
○ Most injuries that damage the spinal cord are assoc. with displacement of vertebral column
○ Level of injury determines neurologic manifestations

Answer 11

Spinal Cord Trauma

Question 12

a group of genetically distinct diseases (at least 29 distinct entities) characterized by signs and symptoms referable to the cerebellum, brainstem, spinal cord and peripheral
nerves (other brain regions may be affected in different subtypes)

Answer 12

Spinocerebellar ataxia

Question 13

distinctive spinocerebellar degeneration

Answer 13

Friedreich ataxia