CELLULAR REPAIR HIGH YIELD Flashcards
the extracellular matrix is dynamic in that its always changing its components, what are these components?
interstitial matrix
basement membrane
the basement membrane is comprised of what collagen and protein?
type IV collagen
adhesive glycoproteins
what is the role of cellular repair?
mechanical support
polarity
control of cell growth
maintenance of cell differentiation
scaffolding for tissue renewal
establishment of microenvironments
storage and presentation of regulatory molecules
what proteins are used for cellular repair?
fibrous structural proteins
adhesive glycoproteins/integrin
proteoglycans and hyaluronanic acid
what are the examples of fibrous structural proteins?
what are the types of collagen proteins?
collagen, elastin, fibrillin, elastic fibers
fibrillar
non fibrillar
what are the examples of adhesive glycoproteins and integrins?
fibronectin
laminin
integrins
name these glycoproteins or integrin?
large multifunctional glycoprotein involved in cellular attachment, spreading and migration
regulates sensitivity of cells to growth factors
fibronectin
name these glycoproteins or integrin?
most abundant glycoprotein in basement membrane that binds to specific cell receptors on one end
bind to matrix components on other: collagen IV, heparan sulfate via integrin receptors
laminin
affect of laminin in cell culture?
alters growth, survival, morphology, differentiation and motility
name these glycoproteins or integrin?
major cell surface receptors that mediate cellular attachment to the ECM and also mediate cell-cell interactions
interns
is proteoglycan or hyaluronon?
protein core linked to polysaccharides
- confers resilience and lubrication
- diverse, consists of heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, derma tan sulfate
- can also be integral membrane components
- -syndecan
proteoglycans
what are the common proteoglycans?
heparin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, derma tan sulfte
this proteoglycan binds to collagen, fibronectin, and thrombospondin to modulate GF activity
syndecan
this protein is found in the ECM, serves as ligand for core protein
associate with cell surface receptors
binds water, forming a gel
hyaluronan
what are the 4 components of cell repair?
angiogenesis
migration and proliferation of fibroblasts
deposition of ECM
remodeling
angiogenesis involves a variety of what growth factors?
VEGF, FGFb
angiopoietins
what are the steps of angiogenesis?
- proteolysis of ECM
- migration and chemotaxis
- proliferation
- lumen formation, maturation and inhibition of growth
- increased permeability through gaps and transcytosis
what issue can arise with neovascularization due to leaky unstable new vessels?
diabetic retinopathy
what is the important fibrogenic agent?
TGF-B
what important protein is involved in remodeling?
metalloproteinases which is dependent on zinc
this tissue type is the hallmark of healing?
- we a granular, pink appearance
- what are the histologic features?
granulation tissue
*angiogenesis
proliferation of fibroblasts
edema
what are the effects of wound healing?
induction of acute inflammation
regeneration of parenchymal cells
migration and proliferation of both CT and parenchymal cells
synthesis of ECM
tissue remodeling
collagenization and acquisition of wound strength
describe the healing of skin ulcers via 2nd intention?
pressure ulcer of the skin
skin ulcer with large gap between hyperkeratotic edges
thin layer of epidermal re-epithilaiation and extensive granulation tissue
continuing re-epithelialization of epidermis and wound contraction
what factors influence repair systemically and locally?
systemic
- nutrition
- metabolic status
- circulatory status
locally
- infection
- mechanical
- foreign bodies
what are the complications of wound healing?
deficient scar formation
excessive production of repair components
keloid and hypertrophic scar
contractures
what are the examples of keloid and hypertrophic scar?
hypertrophic scars
keloids
exuberant granulation (proud flesh)
aggressive fibromatoses (desmoids)
