CELL DEATH TERMS Flashcards

1
Q

occurs after loss of blood supply or after an exposure to toxins

A

necrosis

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2
Q

denaturation of intracellular proteins and enzymatic digestion of lethally injured cell

A

loss of membrane integrity and ultimately dissolution of cell

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3
Q

leaked cellular contents often elicit a local host reaction

A

leakage of cellular contents

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4
Q

cleans up cellular debris and starts repair process

A

inflammation

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5
Q

condensation of nuclear material into a solid, darkly staining mass in a dying cell thickness, especially shrinking of cells through degeneration, also in apoptosis

A

pyknosis

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6
Q

dissolution of nucleus by swelling or necrosis with the loss of its affinity for staining with basic dyes

A

karyolysis

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7
Q

pyknotic nucleus undergoes fragmentation in which chromatin disintegrates into formless granules that are extruded from the cell

A

karyorrhexis

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8
Q

red and dead, architecture of dead tissues preserved

A

coagulative

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9
Q

characterized by digestion of dead cells resulting in transformation of tissue into liquid viscous mass, found in organs without connective tissue resulting in empty space produced due to tissue liquification; brain

A

liquefactive

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10
Q

encountered most often in TB infection (granuloma) cheese like friable white appearance; lung

A

caseous

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11
Q

in fatty organs and tissue, focal areas of destruction due to release of pancreatic lipase; acute pancreatitis, calcification; pancreas

A

fat

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12
Q

programmed cell death following activation of internally controlled suicide program with minimal disruption of surrounding tissue

A

apoptosis

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13
Q

pathway that uses the choice to determine whether or not apoptosis will occur based on the permeability of the mitochondria

A

mitochondrial (intrinsic) pathway

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14
Q

large number of cells that express surface molecules called death receptors which trigger apoptosis (most belong to TNF receptor family)

A

death receptor (extrinsic) pathway

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15
Q

name this intracellular accumulation

a normal endogenous substance is produced at a normal or increased rate, but the rate of
metabolism is inadequate to remove it

(ex. fatty change in liver)

A

Abnormal metabolism

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16
Q

name this intracellular accumulation

accumulation of abnormal endogenous substance

A

protein mutation

17
Q

name this intracellular accumulation

normal endogenous substance accumulates because of defects in enzymes that are required for the metabolism of the substance and

seen in genetic diseases

A

lack of enzyme

18
Q

name this intracellular accumulation

accumulation of exogenous materials

carbon accumulation in lung tissue

A

ingestion of indigestible materials

19
Q

reversible fatty change usually in liver; excess accumulation of triglycerides resulting from excessive entry or defective metabolism and export of lipids

20
Q

intracellular accumulation of cholesterol within macrophages

A

cholesterol and cholesterol esters

21
Q

focal accumulations of cholesterol laden macrophages in lamina propria of gallbladder

A

cholersterolosis

22
Q

droplets in proximal renal tubules

A

resorption

23
Q

name this pigment

  • telltale sign of free radical injury and lipid peroxidation (yellow-brown, finely granular, cytoplasmic, often perinuclear)
A

Lipofuscin (myocyte)

24
Q

name this pigment

-major form of iron storage (bone marrow, liver, spleen), formed by ferritin with local or systemic excess of iron (golden-brown, granular or crystalline)

A

Hemosiderin

25
name this pigment | brown-black pigment
Melanin
26
any alteration within cells or in the extracellular space which gives a homogenous glassy pink appearance in routine H&E stain (eosinophilic); specific marker for cell injury
Hyaline change
27
deposition in NORMAL tissue, hypercalcemia (MN)
Metastatic calcification
28
deposition of calcium in DEAD, DYING or DAMAGED (abnormal) tissue, serum calcium levels normal (DDD)
Dystrophic calcification
29
present in cell, only allow processes to go on for a certain period of time
Clock genes
30
cellular lifespan may be determined by the balance between cellular damage from metabolic events and the ability of the cell to repair the damage
Metabolic events